Sherlock Holmes
Sherlock Holmes is a talented fictional character created by Arthur Conan Doyle, a British detective novelist at the end of the 19th century. detective. Holmes claims to be a criminal investigation consultant, which means that other police detectives or private investigators often turn to him for help when they encounter difficulties. Holmes can often solve many difficult problems without leaving home, but most of the stories focus on more difficult cases that require Holmes to go out to investigate. Holmes is good at solving problems through observation, deductive reasoning and legal knowledge.
Arthur Conan Doyle wrote 4 novellas and 56 short stories in the Sherlock Holmes series. The first two articles were "A Study in Scarlet" published in Beeton's Christmas Annual in 1887 and "The Sign of Four" published in Lebencott's Monthly in 1890. The publication of a series of short stories in the Strand magazine in 1891 exploded Holmes' popularity. But it was not until 1927 that Mr. Conan Doyle wrote another sequel. The story takes place approximately from 1875 to 1907. His last case occurred in 1914.
Nearly all of the stories are told from the perspective of Holmes' friend and biographer Dr. John H. Watson. Only two ("The Lion's Hair" and "The Albino Soldier") are narrated by Holmes himself, and two are written from the third-person point of view.
Chinese name: Sherlock Holmes
Foreign name: Sherlock Holmes
Alias: Sherlock Holmes
Nationality: British
Nationality: English
Place of Birth: United Kingdom
Date of Birth: January 6, 1854
Occupation: Consulting Detective< /p>
Graduation institution: University of Cambridge
Main achievements: Solved many strange cases
Representative works: "Practical Handbook of Beekeeping, Also on the Study of Isolating Queen Bees"< /p>
Height: 6 feet (183cm)
Address: 221B Baker Street, London
Partner: John H. Watson
Brother: Mycroft Holmes
Old enemy: James Moriarty
First case: "A Study in Scarlet"
Last case: "The Retired Paint Dealer"
Creator: Arthur Conan Doyle
Prototype: Joseph Bell
Appearance prototype: Walter Padgett
Character background
A famous consulting detective in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, that is, the British Victorian period. Private consulting detective (many detectives and police chiefs often consult him, the highest adjudicating authority for detectives).
Character Image
Appearance Characteristics
Holmes’ appearance and appearance are enough to attract attention at first sight. At first, Holmes is clearly described in A Study in Scarlet as being extremely tall and thin. He is six feet tall (approximately 183 cm), has a pair of gray eyes, which makes him appear extraordinarily slender (ectomorphic body type), a large dorsal head, and an angular diamond face; his slender aquiline nose makes his appearance appear particularly alert and alert. Decisive; his jaw is square and protruding, indicating that he is a very perseverant person with long legs. He often carries a pipe and cane (a cane and sword in "Sherlock Holmes"), likes to dramatize the plot, and often wears a black tall felt hat when going out. In "A Scandal in Bohemia", he is a dome-hard hat. Top hat, deerstalker hat, sometimes also a peaked cap, illustrated in rural cases such as The Mystery of Boscombe Dale and The Hounds of Busterville.
The image of Sherlock Holmes can be traced back to Riverside Magazine and the illustrations drawn by artist Sydney Padgett, who drew Holmes based on his brother Walter, whose handsome appearance provided the Many images of Shylock provide templates.
Characteristics
Indifferent and withdrawn (unwilling to reveal his great achievements), although he does not care about making friends, he values ??friendship and insists on his own opinions, but he also has a sense of humor ( Sometimes he makes some jokes (such as "Naval Agreement"), he admits that he is keen on pranks ("The Case of the Crown Jewels"), and likes to uncover the mysteries of cases in unexpected ways ("The Architect of Norwood"). On weekdays, he is calm and difficult. Emotional, conceited and sometimes bordering on arrogance (he uses his super deductive reasoning to fool the police for fun, but he does not seek fame and allows the police to take credit for his achievements).
Character life
Hobbies
Thinking, violin playing, boxing, swordsmanship, chemical experiments, publishing some papers in newspapers. He himself said: "I am very active and restless. I hate ordinary life. I pursue spiritual excitement."
Commonly used items
Peterson’s briar pipe, Persian slippers for tobacco, pocket knife for inserting letters, tweed cloak, casual leather shoes, scattered chemical instruments, Straddy Vali's violin, dark stained desk, cocaine (seven percent solution).
Ways of reducing stress
Listen to a concert with concentration, play the violin (very well), appreciate art, inject cocaine (a seven percent solution, he believes that cocaine is used Will stimulate the brain, especially in the process of solving boring cases), do chemical experiments.
Lifestyle
Wear silk pajamas and slippers, and shoot at home (once typed "V.R - Queen Victoria" on the wall). Tobacco leaves are placed in Persian slippers, a pocket knife is stuck in the center of the wooden fireplace, and bullets are used to decorate the wall opposite the seat. Cocaine (seven percent solution) was often injected before Watson's arrival, and was also injected after Watson's arrival (see "The Sign of Four").
The handwriting
The writing is strong and powerful (see "The Final Case" for details), and the famous "claw body" signature.
Character Abilities
Sports
Good at using swords and sticks, he is also an excellent boxer and a master of Barton.
Scope of knowledge
In "A Study in Scarlet", the first appearance of Sherlock Holmes, Doyle portrayed him as a cold-blooded reasoning machine, believing that even if he knew some knowledge, he would not understand it. Work has its benefits (see A Study in Scarlet). But in the subsequent stories, Holmes has a loving heart under his cold appearance, and he will also quote Shakespeare's sentences.
(This is a list that Watson listed when he first met Holmes. It has great limitations. In fact, Holmes is a learned man. What Dr. Watson recorded was only part of his detective work. We have every reason to believe that Holmes has more knowledge that has not yet been revealed, which makes him a great detective. After retirement, our great detective even studied how to raise bees. and published "Beekeeping Manual and Queen Bee Isolation")
Other aspects
Observation, camera memory, and deductive reasoning belong to rational thinking. He also has extraordinary strength and genius stage makeup and acting skills. He is also an excellent boxer and is good at Patton Technique, Mental Simulation and Footwork Tracking.
Character Relationship
Character Experience
Early Life
1854 (birth): January 6, Holmes was born, his grandfather was A country squire for generations ("The Greek Translator"), he had a distant relative named Verne Vernei who was a doctor ("The Architect of Norwood").
1858 (4 years old): The family traveled to Montpellier, France.
1860 (6 years old): The family returned to China. The maternal grandfather passed away; the family went to Rotterdam in the Netherlands and later settled in Cologne, Germany.
1861 (7 years old): Entered a noble school (boarding system) or hired a tutor to receive education. His great-uncle was Claude Joseph Vernet, a French painter from the Napoleonic era. Holmes believed that he also inherited such a bloodline (this artistic component in the blood can easily have the most peculiar genetic form, from "The Greek Translator"); later the family traveled to the mainland.
1864 (10 years old): The family returned to China and rented a villa in Kensington-Chelsea. Sent to boarding school with Mycroft, Sherlock was sent to Oxford University.
1865 (11 years old): Serious illness.
1866 (12 years old): Taken to Yorkshire and entered a preparatory school as a day student, very close to Mycroft.
1867 (13 years old): Although children of aristocrats at that time generally had to enter public schools (schools for children of aristocrats and upper-class society that focused on sports), Holmes was not interested in rugby, a permanent sport in this school. He was not interested, so he did not enroll in school, but asked tutors to continue imparting knowledge ("Single Noblesse").
1868 (14 years old): Traveled to Saint-Malo and Pau in France with his parents; joined a swordsmanship salon. In July, his father was sent to India for suppressing the rebellion, and his mother was ill with tuberculosis. He moved to the Holmes Manor in Farnham, which was managed by his uncle, and later learned knowledge about wilderness survival and logic with the tutor appointed by Mycroft. Later, he was involved in a case and was taken to Cherbourg, France in a coma. In the end, a conspiracy against the British army was successfully prevented; in September, due to the "Red Leech" incident, because a friend was arrested, he boarded the Scotia with his teacher and his daughter to New York, the United States, and met Count Zeppelin and a man on the ship. The Irish violinist started learning violin playing to kill time. In order to save the daughter of his friend and teacher in New York, he was brought to Pezevines, New Jersey, and later successfully prevented the rebels' plot to divide Canada through armed struggle; 10 In August, he was involved in a conspiracy to prevent the United States from purchasing Alaska from Tsarist Russia. He and Mycroft went to Moscow, Russia, to prevent the assassination of Pyotr Andreevich Shuvalov, the head of the Third Agency, and married him. Conspiracy to discredit Croft and sow discord between Britain and Russia. In December, he went to Edinburgh and soon returned to Farnham. After being knocked unconscious in the room, he was thrown on a ship to China; in May, a case in which a Dutch businessman used snake venom to kill a Chinese cook and an American businessman was detected on the ship.
In January 1870 (16 years old), after two years of adventurous travel, he arrived in Galway, Ireland by boat, but met Mycroft by chance and learned of the death of his uncle. Brother 2 They jointly solved the "psychic medium murder case". In February, he moved to Oxford and solved the human organ theft case in the hospital morgue.
1872 (18 years old): Under the guidance of Professor James Moriarty, he entered Christ Church College, Oxford. At that time, he did not like group sports, but liked fencing and boxing, and his major was chemistry ("Gloria Scott"). He seems to agree with the view that "literary knowledge is equal to zero", and was ridiculed by Watson for this.
1873 (19 years old): In the last semester of the first grade, he was bitten by the dog of his classmate Victor Trevor, and the two became familiar with each other. The following summer, Holmes was bitten by the dog of his classmate Victor Trevor. Invited to Victor Trevor's house as a guest, Trevor's father reminded him that he had the qualifications to be a detective (Holmes' reasoning and observation skills were already very strong at that time). Learned of the case of the barque "Gloria Scott". During the summer vacation, he spent much of his time indulging in chemical experiments ("The Barque Gloria Scott").
1874 (20 years old): Transferred to Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge University and experienced the last days of college. His classmates were very popular about his reasoning method ("Musgrave Ceremony").
1875 (21 years old): Graduated from college.
Detective career
1877 (23 years old): Started to open a detective agency on Montague Street near the British Museum, using the few work breaks to actively study various sciences , laying the foundation for the future, life is very difficult.
1878 (24 years old): The case of "Lame Ricketts and his hateful wife" was solved.
1879 (25 years old): Entrusted by his classmate Reginald Musgrave, he solved the "Musgrave Ceremony" case; and appeared in the London stage play "Hamlet" . Traveled to the United States with the group.
Returned from the United States in 1880.
1881 (27 years old): At St. Barromy's Hospital, through the introduction of his friend Stamford Jr., Holmes met the retired Dr. Watson, shared a room at No. 221B, Baker Street, and introduced Reiss. Tradd and Grayson met Watson, and soon after they solved the "Study in Scarlet" case.
1882 (28 years old): Became famous and comforted Helen Stoner with "the work itself is the reward".
1883 (29 years old): The "spotted tape" case was solved in April.
1887 (33 years old): Became famous in Europe for solving the "Dutch-Sumatra Company Case and the Grand Plan of Baron Maupotuiz". He also fell ill due to fatigue and went to Reigate-Banstead in Surrey to recuperate. In April, the "Reigate Mystery" and "Five Orange Cores" cases were solved. In July of the same year, the "Four Signatures" case was solved. A few months before solving the "Four Signs" case, Holmes began taking cocaine, much to Watson's concern. Watson married Mary Morstan, who was involved in the "Four Signs" case, and left Baker Street, but still often worked on cases with Holmes. Watson took on the "Single Lord" case a few weeks before his wedding.
1888 (34 years old): The "Uncanny Valley" case was solved in January. Holmes published several articles such as "On the Identification of Various Soots", "Footwork Tracking", and "The Influence of Occupation on Hand Forms". On March 20 of the same year, the "Scandal in Bohemia" case was solved, and the case of Irene Adler changed Holmes's view of looking down on women. And called Watson "my Boswell" for the first time. The case of the "Greek translator" was solved, and the articles he published were well received;
1889 (35 years old): On June 19, the case of the "Man with Crooked Lips" was solved, and later the case of the "Man with Crooked Lips" was solved. "The Hunchback", "The Stockbroker's Clerk" and "The Boscombe Glen Mystery". In July of the same year, the "Navy Agreement" case was solved, and this case was solved by Holmes to safeguard national interests. In September of the same year, the "Engineer's Thumb Case" was solved. In October of the same year, the "Hound of the Baskervilles" case was solved.
1890 (36 years old): On October 9, the "Red Hair Society" case was solved. In November of the same year, the "dying detective" incident occurred. In December, the "Sapphire" case was solved. From winter to spring, Holmes worked in France. In order to track down Moriarty, he and Watson went to Europe.
1891 (37 years old): "The last case" - On May 4, Holmes and his old enemy James Moriarty fought to the death at the Reichenbach Falls in Switzerland. Later traveled under the pseudonym "Scott Eckersley".
1893 (39 years old): Settled in Montpellier and presided over the research on coal tar derivatives.
1894 (40 years old): April, "Empty House" case. Sherlock Holmes returns as a used book collector to uncover the truth behind a series of shootings. During this time, Watson's wife Mary Morstan passed away. In August, received the case of "Architect of Norwood". At Holmes's request, Watson sold the clinic in Kensington-Chelsea and moved back to 221 Baker Street to share with Holmes. In November, received the "Phnom Penh Pince-nez" case.
1895 (41 years old): In April, received the case of "three college students". Holmes and Watson lived in a university town for several weeks, studying the Magna Carta and taking on the "lone cyclist" case. In June, he received the "Black Peter" case. In November, he received the "Bruce Partington Project" case. Received a visit from Queen Victoria and was awarded an emerald brooch.
1896 (42 years old): Accepted the cases of "veiled tenant" and "missing central defender". Under Watson's supervision, Holmes stopped using cocaine for several years. During this period, Holmes often had sunken eyes and a gloomy face.
1897 (43 years old): Taking over the "Grange Manor" and "Devil's Foot" cases. As a result of working day and night, Holmes' health deteriorated. In the case, Holmes admitted that he had never been in love.
1898 (44 years old): Accepted the case of "Dancing Man" and "Retired Paint Dealer".
1902 (48 years old): In May, he took over the "Abbey School" case. After the case was concluded, Holmes received a reward of 6,000 pounds. In June, when he received the case of "Three People with the Same Surname", Holmes was very concerned about Watson who was attacked and injured by gangsters, and showed the emotion behind his cold face, which greatly moved Watson. In September, while taking the "distinguished patron" case, Holmes was attacked and injured.
1903 (49 years old): In January, received the case of "soldiers with whitened skin". Watson remarried and left Baker Street, and the case was written by Holmes himself. Xia, take on the "Crown Jewel Case". In September, he accepted the "Creeper" case. After the case was concluded, Holmes retired.
Retirement life
1907 (53 years old): Leave London and go to Sussex to study beekeeping and enjoy the pastoral life after retirement.
In July, he received the "Lion's Mane" case, which was a murder that occurred near Holmes's retreat and was written by Holmes himself. After living in seclusion, he occasionally spent weekends with Watson.
1912 (58 years old): Taking over the "Last Salute" case, he returned to the world at the invitation of the Prime Minister. He spent two years infiltrating the Fenian Brotherhood in Ireland in the United States. Later, the German intelligence agency was annihilated in one fell swoop. After the case was over, Holmes once again retired and traveled to Chicago.
1914 (60 years old): Returned to China and published "Practical Handbook of Beekeeping: Also on Research on Isolating Queen Bees".
1926 (72 years old): Published "Soldiers with Whitened Skin" in November and "Lion's Mane" in December of the same year.
List of cases
List of published cases
List of unpublished cases
The following cases have been mentioned in the canon stories of Sherlock Holmes , but it was not made public.
Case of Creation by Others
"The House of Silk" is a new Sherlock Holmes story certified by the Conan Doyle Estate, written by Anthony Horowitz of the United Kingdom. It was launched globally on November 11, 2011.
The story of House of Silk is: In 1890, it started with a mysterious art dealer visitor. He told Holmes about his bizarre experiences, and then, a series of seemingly unrelated murders occurred one after another. Holmes finally solved a case involving a huge scandal in British upper class based on these seemingly unrelated clues. This case was recorded by Watson, and he asked future generations to keep the manuscript dusty for a hundred years.
Andrew Lane's "Young Sherlock Holmes" series is the version officially approved by the Arthur Conan Doyle Estate and the Conan Doyle family.
This series of works gives a panoramic view of the teenage years of the great detective Sherlock Holmes.
In 2010, the British Macmillan Children's Book Company published the first volume of "Death Cloud". In 2015, Macmillan Century Children's Books, a subsidiary of the 21st Century Publishing Group, published the second volume of this set of books. Simplified Chinese version.
This set of books has 8 volumes, and 8 volumes have been published. They are "Death Cloud", "Red Leech", "Black Ice", "Firestorm", "Snake Kiss", "Sharp Blade", "Cold Stone Man", and "Dark Night Light".
List of published treatises
The following treatises and treatises are mentioned in the canonical Sherlock Holmes stories (authored by Conan Doyle) and were written by Sherlock Holmes.
Character Quotes
Character Evaluation
In 1887, it was also the eve of Christmas.
The novel "A Study in Scarlet" was published in "Beaton's Christmas Almanac". Since then, the protagonist in this novel, the detective Sherlock Holmes, has become popular all over the UK and even the world.
There is no doubt that Sherlock Holmes has become synonymous with famous detectives, and in real life, many people regard Sherlock Holmes as synonymous with smart people. Sherlock Holmes has become a symbol of wisdom.
According to statistics from the "Guinness Book of World Records", Sherlock Holmes is one of the most frequently screened literary characters in the world. Only the vampire Dracula appears on screen more often than Sherlock Holmes. It can be seen from this that Holmes's popularity is unprecedented. According to incomplete statistics, since the 20th century, more than 75 different actors have played this role in more than 200 TV series or movies. Many movie stars, including Christopher Lee and George C. Scott, who played "General Patton", have played the great detective.
A hundred years ago, when Doyle destroyed the great detective he created in his work, he was worried that one day Holmes would be abandoned by the world like those has-been singers, and he hoped to use extreme methods to make him Gain eternal life. Doyle must not have imagined that Holmes is still living in the hearts of people who like him. He has traveled through more than a century and will still travel further into the future.
So, what is the charm of Sherlock Holmes? Perhaps we can find the answer from Holmes's autobiography in "The Last Case": "If I can get rid of the scourge of Moriarty for society, then I would be willing to end my detective career. I can say that I have not wasted it at all. In this life. If my journey ends tonight, I can die with a clear conscience. Because of my presence, the air in London will be fresh.
In the more than 1,000 cases I have handled, I believe that I have never used my strength in the wrong place. ”
Although Sherlock Holmes is a character created by Arthur Conan Doyle, his ability to transcend time and space and remain relevant for a long time is because he arouses interest in the minds of most people in an interesting and attractive way. ***Ming: People all have the curiosity to explore the darkness and the unknown, and they also all have the desire to find out the truth and uphold justice. People all hope to have superhuman wisdom and be able to solve problems with foresight, and they all hope to be able to solve complex and confusing mysteries. Peel away the cocoon and figure out the logic. In the facts and imagination, in the hypothesis and evidence, in the scientific theory and novel creation, there is a shadow of Sherlock Holmes in people's hearts! Worth pondering. His keen observation and careful reasoning and analysis are the key to solving the case. With the advancement of society, various forensic technologies have emerged, providing more and better help for the investigation work. The detective's characteristics of being knowledgeable, careful and patient, pursuing truth, and adhering to principles should be the important meaning conveyed behind this series of books.
Character influence
It is well-known in Europe. The famous British detective. The well-known Royal Society of Chemistry awarded him the title of Honorary Researcher on October 16, 2002, making him the first fictional character to receive this honor. A hundred years after the book was published, the British royal family decided to award the protagonist of the novel with the same name The conditions for the knighthood of the great detective Sherlock Holmes are harsh and serious, but this time it was awarded to a fictional character for the first time. This shows how profound Arthur Conan Doyle's works a hundred years ago have been to people.
Prototype speculation
According to Doyle's own account in "The Real Sherlock Holmes", he was based on his medical school mentor Joseph Bell. Professor (DrJoseph Bell) came here
In the biography "The Life of Conan Doyle", Doyle frankly admitted in an interview in his later years: "Maybe I can express it this way. Locke Holmes is just a character in literary works. He (Holmes) carries my memory of a professor of medicine at the University of Edinburgh. "In a letter to Professor Bell, Doyle said: "It was you who let me shape Sherlock Holmes. ”
Although Sherlock Holmes is mainly based on Joseph Bell, he is not the only prototype of Sherlock Holmes. The famous Edinburgh forensic doctor, health inspector, and cadaver dissector Henry Duncan Little John (Henry Duncan Littlejohn) also injected part of his own character into Holmes. Henry participated in the investigation of almost all incidents. He was involved in the murders and deaths in Edinburgh at that time. He pioneered "fingerprint identification" in the history of criminal investigation. " and the pioneer of "photographic evidence". From the 1880s to the 1890s, when Doyle was imagining Sherlock Holmes, Henry was at his most active period.
About the name of Sherlock Holmes , it is believed that "Holmes" comes from a famous physician, Oliver Wendell Holmes (Oliver Wendell Holmes), and "Sherlock" comes from Doyle's favorite musician Alfred Sherlock. Alfred Sherlock).
Derivative works
Live-action film and television works
Animation works
Comic works
Game works< /p>