Summer Quatrains Li Qingzhao
Live as a hero,
Death will be a ghost.
I still miss Xiang Yu,
I refuse to cross Jiangdong
[Modern translation]
Those who live should be regarded as heroes among men,
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Even after death, he should be a hero among ghosts.
People still miss Xiang Yu,
Only because he refused to return to Jiangdong secretly.
[Explanation]
This poem has a high-pitched tone and clearly puts forward the value orientation of life: when people are alive, they must be heroes among men and make contributions to the country; when they die, they must He died for his country and became a hero among ghosts. The patriotic passion was beyond words and had an inspiring effect at the time. However, the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty did not care about the life or death of the people, and only focused on escaping for their own lives; they abandoned the mountains and rivers of the Central Plains, just to survive. Therefore, the poet thought of Xiang Yu. Xiang Yu broke through the siege and reached Wujiang River. The chief of the Wujiang Pavilion advised him to cross the river quickly and return to the east of the Yangtze River to reunite with his troops. Xiang Yu himself felt that he had no face to see Jiangdong's elders, so he turned back and fought hard, killing hundreds of enemy soldiers, and then committed suicide. The poet criticized the shameless behavior of those in power in the Southern Song Dynasty, and used the past to satirize the present, which is righteous and awe-inspiring. There are only twenty words in the whole poem, and three allusions are used in a row, but there is no disadvantage of stacking them up, because these are the poet's inner voice. Such a generous, powerful and powerful poem written by a woman is really overwhelming to men.
"Tian Jing Sha·Autumn Thoughts" Ma Zhiyuan
Withered vines and old trees are full of dim crows, small bridges and flowing water are home to people, and the old road has a westerly wind and a thin horse. The sun sets in the west, and the heartbroken people are at the end of the world.
Appreciation:
This poem has only five sentences and 28 words. The language is extremely concise but has a huge capacity. In just a few strokes, it outlines a sad "Wanderer's Thoughts". "Return to the Picture" vividly conveys the wandering heart of a wandering traveler.
This picture consists of two parts:
1. A carefully selected group of scenes that can represent Xiao Qiu forms a picture of the autumn wilderness in the twilight;
< p>2. Express the endless pain in the heart and the silhouette of a wanderer walking alone in the cold autumn.The first painting has 18 words and nine nouns. There is not a single word in it, but it is naturally smooth and rich in connotation. The author uses his skillful artistic skills to let nine different scenery be bathed in Under the clear brilliance of the setting sun, the scenes are presented to us one after another in a "montage" like a movie lens, taking readers into the late autumn season at once: a few dead vines twining around a few bare trees with withered yellow leaves. The autumn wind trembles in the rustling wind, and the sky is dotted with jackdaws, wailing... It creates a desolate autumn scene, creating a desolate and decadent atmosphere, which highlights the author's inner sadness. We can imagine how miserable and helpless it must be for the dun crow to still have an old tree to return to, but the wanderer is wandering without a home and unable to return! Next, there was a small bridge, gurgling water, and a farmhouse with faint smoke rising from the kitchen. This kind of pastoral scene with people living in it is so quiet and sweet, comfortable and leisurely. All this can't help but remind the wandering wanderer of the small bridges, flowing water and relatives in his hometown. Here, the sad feelings are written with happy scenes, which makes people feel even more desolate, and highlights the sorrow of the helpless guest who is trapped in a foreign land.
In the second painting, we can see that in the bleak autumn wind, on the lonely ancient road, the wanderer who is full of nostalgia is riding a thin horse that has delayed his return, in the deep dusk. Walking towards the distance. At this time, the setting sun is setting in the west, casting a cold ray of light. This is the time for birds and birds to return to their nests, sheep and cattle to circle, and people to return home. However, wanderers are still "heartbroken people at the end of the world". At this moment, In this situation, when a wanderer in a foreign land faces such a bleak and desolate scene, how can he not feel sad, how can he not feel heartbroken, how can he not feel heartbroken! A wandering wanderer's heart is dripping with blood in the autumn wind...
A very short ditty expresses indescribable connotations and vividly depicts the miserable and sad inner world of a wandering wanderer. Give people a shocking artistic feeling. It makes people feel the pain even more when they read it, and makes people feel more deeply when they chant it. Those who read this song without crying do not understand its meaning.
"Impressions after Reading the Book" - Zhu Xi
As soon as the half-acre square pond is opened, the skylight and cloud shadows linger.
Ask the canal how clear it is, because there is a source of living water.
[Notes]
1. Zhu Xi: courtesy name Yuanhui, nickname Hui'an, a Neo-Confucian, educator and writer in the Southern Song Dynasty.
2. Mirror: mirror. Open: open.
3. Skylight: The scene of the sky.
4. Qu: pronoun, it, here refers to Fangtang. Nadei: How could it be? Such as: so, so.
5. Because: because.
[Analysis]
This poem takes advantage of its simple and friendly reasoning. Although it is straightforward, it contains a real life experience, which is easy to be recognized by readers. Coupled with the appropriate metaphor and vivid pictures, people cannot help but admit that it is a good poem. The last two sentences are evocative to read carefully