"Zhou", "Yi Lun" written by Zheng Xuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, believes that "Zhou" means "Zhou Pu", which means being prepared for everything and starting again and again. Kong Yingda's "Book of Changes of Changes" of the Tang Dynasty believed that "Zhou" refers to the place name of Qiyang and is the name of the Zhou Dynasty. Explanation of "Yi": 1. Yi is named after lizard, which is a pictographic character. This word comes from Xu Shen's "Shuowen Jiezi"; and lizards can change colors, commonly known as "chameleons", so the meaning of "yi" is, An extended meaning of lizard. 2. It must be pointed out that understanding the "Change" of the Western Zhou Dynasty should be based on the transformation of the ritual and music system of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Etiquette refers to the etiquette of calmness, and Yi means elegant music. They are all means and tools for the ruling class to control the people and maintain the patriarchal system. "The Book of Changes" preserves the framework and regulations of the "symphony" of bells and drums in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The ringing of bells and meals was unimaginable in the lower class society of the Western Zhou Dynasty. 3. The sun and moon are Yi, symbolizing yin and yang. 4. The sunrise is easy. Chen Guying believes that this meaning is also the original meaning of "Qian". 5. Yi is the name of divination. 6. The meaning of change and change means that everything in the world is constantly changing, so "Book of Changes" is a book that teaches people to face changes. 7. Transaction, that is, the mutual changes of yin disappearing and yang increasing, yang increasing and yin disappearing. As shown in the general Tai Chi diagram. 8. "Yi" is "Tao", the eternal truth. Even if things change with time and space, the eternal Tao remains unchanged. "Xici Zhuan": "Life is called Yi". (Eternal life means "the meaning of life is to create the life that will continue in the universe", and appreciate the beauty of life, which is new and renewed every day.) In the records of "Taibu" in "Zhou Li", there are also "Three Yis" According to the explanation; "Three Yis" refers to "Lianshan", "Guizang" and "Zhouyi", which are divination books from three different dynasties. It is said that "Lianshan" is the divination book of the Xia Dynasty, "Guizang" is the divination book of the Yin and Shang Dynasties, and "Zhouyi" is the divination book of the Zhou Dynasty. Zheng Xuan's work "Yi Lun" of the Eastern Han Dynasty believes that "the name "Yi" has three meanings: "Yi" means one; "Change" means two; "Yi" means three." This sentence summarizes the three meanings of Yi: "Simple" and "Changy" and "Constant." That is to say, the existence of things in the universe can 1) follow nature, showing the two qualities of ease and simplicity; 2) always change; 3) maintain a kind of constancy. As the "Book of Songs" says, "The sun moves toward the moon," or "is as constant as the moon, as the sun rises." The movements of the sun and the moon show a kind of non-artificial nature, which is simple; but their positions and shapes change from time to time, This is change; however, things always come out in the east and fall in the west. This is "not easy". The "jing" in "Book of Changes" refers to classic works. Confucianism regards "Book of Changes", "Book of Songs", "Book of Songs", "Book of Rites" and "Spring and Autumn" as the "Five Classics". As mentioned before, "Jing" was a title added later in order to honor these books. Originally, the "Five Classics" were only called "Yi", "Poetry", "Book", "Li" and "Spring and Autumn". Some people believe that the "Book of Changes" was popular in the Zhou Dynasty, so it is called "Book of Changes". Others believe that the "Book of Changes" was written by King Wen of the Zhou Dynasty based on the record in "Historical Records" that "King Wen was restrained and performed the Book of Changes". However, in several earlier documents, such as "The Analects", "Zhuangzi", and "Zuo Zhuan", the "Book of Changes" is only called "Yi". The name "Zhouyi" was first seen in "Zhouli"; however, "Zhouyi" 》 era, scholars are still controversial. Therefore, as far as the literature is concerned, "Zhou" should be added later. If we look at the system of "Zhou Li", the names of "Three Yis" do not have dynasty names, so "Zhou" in "Zhou Yi" is interpreted as "Zhou Pu" and the other two divination books, which are relatively consistent. However, whether there was "Lianshan" in the Xia Dynasty and whether there was "Gui Zang" in the Shang Dynasty are still questions. The two books are probably also phenomena mentioned in the "accumulation theory of ancient history". So it is relatively certain that the "Book of Changes" or "Book of Changes" was originally called "Yi".
The birthplace of "The Book of Changes" is Tangyin County (a county seat in Anyang, Henan), which is now a thousand-year-old county. Youli City is located 2 kilometers north of Tangyin County. The most basic element of the Yi Gua system is the concept of Yin and Yang, which includes the nature and state of Yin and Yang. If we ignore the status of Yin and Yang and only discuss their properties, we can use Yang Yao (-) and Yin Yao (--) to represent Yin and Yang. By overlapping the above yin and yang lines three times from bottom to top, the eight basic hexagrams of "Qian, Kun, Zhen, Xun, Kan, Li, Gen, Dui" are formed, which are called the Ba Jing hexagrams. By overlapping the Eight Classics hexagrams in pairs, you can get six levels of Yi hexagrams. There are sixty-four hexagrams in total. These sixty-four hexagrams are called sixty-four different hexagrams. Each hexagram has a specific name. .
If we consider the status of yin and yang again, the concept of yin and yang is further divided into four situations: "old yin, old yang, shaoyin, shaoyang" (also known as "taiyin, sun, shaoyin, shaoyang"). You can use "X ,O,--,-," four symbols represent them respectively. Each position of each of the sixty-four different hexagrams may have four yin and yang states, so the entire Yi hexagram system has 4096 different hexagrams. If the hexagrams with the same yin and yang qualities are put together, sixty-four sub-systems with the same main hexagram and hexagram name will be formed, which can be called a certain hexagram system. The content of the explanatory text of the Book of Changes in the Book of Changes is the explanation of the symbolic meaning of some of the Yi hexagrams in the sixty-four hexagram system and the corresponding judgments of good and bad fortunes in personnel (called divination). The first content of each hexagram system is the interpretation of the corresponding Quanjing hexagram, and the following six content (there are seven in the Qiankun hexagram system) are the interpretation of the corresponding line-moving hexagrams arranged in sequence. Yi studies after the Qin and Han Dynasties all had wrong or vague understandings of this. Divination and the book "Book of Changes" originated from the practice of oracle bone divination. Perhaps in the late Yin and Shang Dynasties, King Wen of Zhou wrote the hexagrams of the sixty-four hexagram series. Later, during the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius's disciples inherited Confucius' discovery of the Book of Changes and wrote the "Book of Changes". When the First Emperor of Qin burned books and harassed Confucian scholars, Li Si listed them as medical divination books and survived.
Significance
The invention of the method of using Bagua to predict information in the "Book of Changes" is a true reflection of the materialistic worldview of our people. They are practicing and harmoniously understanding society and transforming it. society and promote the continuous development of society. Therefore, Yi Gua and "Book of Changes" are a large amount of information database. "The Book of Changes" has gone through thousands of years of vicissitudes and has become the root of Chinese culture. Yi Dao emphasizes the mutual interaction of yin and yang, the harmony of hardness and softness, and advocates continuous self-improvement and virtuous conduct. In the history of five thousand years of civilization, the reason why the Chinese nation has been able to endure many calamities and remain unyielding in the face of many difficulties, and has been able to recover from decline and continue to develop and grow, has its roots passed down to this day, and is closely related to our nation. To grasp the difficult issues encountered in daily life that are closely related to the era of Yidao spirit, we do not turn to idols for help, but use the scientific method of predicting the past and present information through Bagua to predict relevant information about the good and bad fortune of nature and human affairs, and do everything right. Know what you have in mind and be prepared for any danger, so you can be more alert.
"The Book of Changes" is an ancient and splendid cultural treasure. The ancients used it to predict the future, decide on national affairs, reflect current phenomena, measure the sky above, the earth below, and personnel affairs. However, this is just a means that the ancients relied on before they mastered the scientific method, and it is not real science. Although some understandings are consistent with science, it is because this understanding happens to be scientifically reasonable, but it cannot be said to be scientific. It can only be regarded as a culture. At present, there is still no significant progress in the exploration of principles in the study of Yi in my country. Theoretical research is stagnant, thinking is confused, and practical applications tend to tend towards mysticism. The above situation has seriously distorted the academic status of Yi Studies, hindered the healthy development of Chinese Yi Studies, and obscured the true value of Yi Studies. "The Book of Changes" is the classic that best embodies Chinese culture. It believes that all things in the world develop and change, and the basic elements of change are Yin (--) and Yang (-). "The Book of Changes·Xici" says: "One Yin One yang is called the Tao. "The myriad forms of all things in the world and the ever-changing changes of all things are the result of the interaction of yin and yang. The object of study in "The Book of Changes" is the three talents of heaven, earth and man, with man as the fundamental. Each of the three talents has yin and yang, so the six lines of the Book of Changes form the sixty-four hexagrams. Just like "Shuo Gua": "The way of establishing heaven is called yin and yang, the way of establishing earth is called softness and hardness, and the way of establishing people is called benevolence and righteousness. The three talents are combined into two, so the six paintings in "Yi" are divided into hexagrams. Yin is divided into yang, and hardness and softness are alternately used, so the six characters of "Yi" form a chapter. "Qian is the hexagram of pure yang, and kun is the hexagram of pure yin. Qiankun is the general representative of yin and yang, and it is also the root of yin and yang. Confucius said in "Xici". "" It is said that "the changes in the universe are due to evil" and "the changes in the world are due to evil". "Yi Wei Qian Chi Du" says: "Qian and Kun are the foundation of Yin and Yang, and the ancestors of all things." The order of the Tongxing version of "Zhou Yi" is based on the order of the "Xu Gua", and the two hexagrams Qian and Kun headed by. The opening line of "Xici" goes like this: "Heaven is superior and earth is inferior, and the universe is determined. The humble and the high are established, and the positions of high and low are determined. Movement and stillness are constant, and hardness and softness are broken." "Classic Chinese" is a biography that specifically discusses the virtues of the hexagrams of the universe. And extend the virtues of Qiankun to the category of humanistic morality. It shows that Qian and Kun are the two most important hexagrams in the Zhouyi and the basis of the yin and yang philosophy of the Zhouyi.
Edit the source of the principle of this paragraph
In the "Simplified Tao Te Ching", Zhou means thoroughness and perfection, and Yi means movement and change without any consequences. When Taihao Fuxi created the simple diagram, he arranged the simple symbols (the yin and yang symbols of the current Bagua diagram) into a circle, that is, a week, which clarified that Zhou and Yi are the main components of the simple diagram. The character "Zhou" in the Book of Changes is not inherited from the Zhou Dynasty, but the Zhou Dynasty or the Zhou surname inherited the perfect "Zhou" character in the "Simplified Tao Te Ching". Undoubtedly, the character Zhou in Zhouyi replaced the simplified character simple. The changes in all things in nature are the fundamental phenomenon of Yi. Persistence is endless without failure, which shows that Yi is the change of things, and every change of things has a certain result. This is the image of Yi. "Jian Zhi Zhou" and "Zhi Zhi Yi" illustrate that Zhou is Jian and Yi is Zhou. With the arrangement of father and son, it becomes: "Jian Zhouyi". "Seeking the results of thousands of consequences and understanding the phenomena of thousands of thoughts" illustrates that the "simple diagram" is a detection tool for judgment and reasoning.
Edit this paragraph to form the origin
As for the completion of the "Book of Changes", "Hanshu Yiwenzhi" said: "The "Book of Changes" is profound, and people Update the three saints, and the history of the three ancients." This theory is most accepted by Han Confucians. "Zhouyi Qianzhedu" says: "Xi was the one who made the emperor's policy, Wen was the one who benefited from the hexagrams, and Kong Ye was the one who became famous." In short, the theory of "Three Saints" and "Three Ancients" means: in ancient times, the mythical beast "Dragon Horse" appeared in the Yellow River reaching the sky. Its back was covered with magical patterns. The sage Fuxi copied it and looked up at the astronomical, He studied geography and made "Bagua"; in the Middle Ages, Ji Chang was imprisoned in Youli by Zhou Dynasty, so he realized the principles of yin and yang news of heaven, human relations, and the Eight Diagrams into sixty-four hexagrams, and made hexagrams and lines, that is, "King Wen detained and "Performing "The Book of Changes""; in the late ancient times, Confucius liked "The Book of Changes" and lamented the collapse of rituals and music, so he wrote ten chapters of "The Book of Changes". Before the Song Dynasty, there were many doubts about those who emphasized the hexagrams. One person, Wang Bi, believed that Fu Xi changed his hexagrams to sixty-four after he painted the eight trigrams. The other person, Zheng Xuan, believed that the Shennong family emphasized the hexagrams. The third person, Sun Sheng, believed that Xia Yu emphasized the hexagrams. It was not until the Northern Song Dynasty that Ouyang compiled "Yi Tongzi Wen" and believed that there were contradictions among the seven parts of "Yi Zhuan" and that Confucius was not the author of it alone: ??"Although there are many words, the purpose of it is to end with the words to indicate good and bad luck. One sentence is enough. The rest of the words are slightly different but the main purpose is the same. It is said that they come from various schools and are copied by others in the past. It is not surprising that the interpretation of the scriptures is not accurate. If it is said that it was written by one person, then it is considered to be the work of a sage, which is a big mistake. ?Volume 3》). As for later generations, the trend of doubting the ancients gradually emerged. "Yizhuan General Theory" written by Yao Jiheng in the Qing Dynasty and Kang Youwei's "Xinxue Apocrypha" both believed that "Yizhuan" was not written by Confucius. In the 1920s and 1930s, famous scholars such as Mr. Qian Xuantong, Mr. Feng Youlan, Mr. Gu Jiegang, Mr. Gao Heng, and Mr. Guo Moruo all believed that the Book of Changes was not written by Confucius. Mr. Gu Jiegang inferred that the year of the writing of the Book of Changes was the Warring States Period. From the late Western Han Dynasty to the early Western Han Dynasty, only Mr. Jin Jingfang insisted that the "Book of Changes" was written by Confucius. To this day, there are many records in the "silk scripts" found in the Mawangdui tomb in Changsha that indirectly prove that the author of "Yizhuan" or related authors is roughly Confucius. This needs further research, but it should be cautioned by those who blindly doubt the ancients. . On the other hand, the origin of the name of the book "Book of Changes" is also controversial. There have always been two interpretations of the meaning of the word "zhou". One is "Zhou Dynasty" and the other is "Zhou Pu". The implication of the former is that the Book of Changes is a book from the Western Zhou Dynasty. The reason is that "Zhou Li" says: "The three Yi methods of Taibu Zhang are called "Lianshan", one is "Guizang", and the other is "Zhouyi". This theory believes that "Lianshan" is Shen Nong's method. The 筮书 of the era, Shennong was also called "Lianshan", "Guizang" was the 筮书 of the Huangdi era, and Huangdi was also called "Guizang". Later Xia used "Lianshan", commercial "Guizang" was used in the Western Zhou Dynasty The book is named "Zhou" with the word "Zhou". The latter is taken from Zheng Xuan's "Book of Changes", "'Lianshan' refers to the clouds emerging from Xiangshan Mountain, which are connected endlessly. 'Guizang' means that all things are hidden in it; 'Zhouyi' refers to the Zhoupu of the Yi Dao, Be prepared for everything." Therefore, the word "Zhou" in "Book of Changes" means "Zhou Pu". The main explanations for the meaning of the word "Yi" are as follows: 1. The seal script of the word "Yi" is "(see picture 1 on the right) small seal script: Yi
", and "Shuowen" teaches "Yi" , lizard, grasshopper, guarding the palace. "That is, "Yi" is a lizard, and the main meaning is "change". 2. "Shuowen" also quoted the secretary as saying that "the sun and the moon are easy to change", which symbolizes yin and yang.
3. "Zhou Yi Qian Chi Du" says that "the word 'Yi' has three meanings: the so-called easy, the change of change, and the difficulty of change." That is, the three meanings of simplicity, change, and unchangeability. 4. The word "Yi" in the Yin Ruins oracle bone inscriptions is "(see picture 2)", which means the alternation of yin and yang at sunrise. It also focuses on "change". Oracle Bone Inscriptions: Yi
The "Book of Changes" was often referred to as "Yi" in ancient documents. By the early Western Han Dynasty, it was listed as one of the "Classics" books, and the world respectfully called it "Yi Jing". It can be seen that the "Book of Changes" should take ""Yi"" as its main meaning, and there are many theories, but none can be more important than the principle of changing news.
Main content
Overview
The content of the current "Book of Changes" mainly includes the "Jing" and "Zhuan" parts.
The "Jing" part mainly includes the hexagram symbols and the so-called "six lines" of the sixty-four hexagrams. The "Fourteen Hexagrams" are derived from the overlapping of two "Bagua" lines, and the "Bagua" is formed from the three overlapping lines of "Yin" and "Yang". The "Yin" and "Yang" in "Zhouyi" are respectively They are in the shape of interrupted and connected lines, namely "–" and "—". The ancients used the yin and yang categories to express many concepts such as cold and heat, sun and moon, men and women, day and night, odd and even, etc., as the saying goes, "One yin and one yang are called Tao." On the basis of "Yin" and "Yang", the sages tripled their symbols into eight different shapes, named them different hexagrams and drew up corresponding symbols, which are called "Bagua" (also known as "Jing"). Hexagram"), specifically as follows: Hexagram image, hexagram name symbol, symbolic meaning? Qiantianjian? Kundishun? Thunder shaking? Overlay the "Bagua" two by two to form sixty-four different six-stroke combinations, namely the "Sixty-Four Hexagrams" (also called "Bie Gua"). The two "Bagua" symbols in each hexagram are at the bottom. The one at the top is called the "lower hexagram" (also called the "inner hexagram", "Zuo Zhuan" calls it the "Zhen hexagram"), and the one above it is called the "upper hexagram" (also called the "outer hexagram", "Zuo Zhuan" calls it "the regret"). "Hexagram"). "Sixty-four hexagrams" each hexagram has six lines, called "yao". "Shuowen Jiezi" says: "Yao, Jiao Ye"; Wang Bi said: "What is Fu Yao?" The original meaning of "Yao" is the alternation of Yin and Yang. Therefore, "--" is called "Yin Yao", represented by "six"; "--" is called "Yang Yao", represented by "Nine" " means. The positions of the six Yao are called "Yao positions", from bottom to top they are "Initial", "Second", "Three", "Four", "Fifth", and "Shang". For example, "Meng Gua": ? The six lines from bottom to top are called "Chu Liu", "Nine Two", "Six Three", "Six Four", "Six Five" and "Shang Jiu". The words under the hexagram symbols include one hexagram for each hexagram, summarizing the main idea of ??the whole hexagram, and one line for each line, which refers to the purpose of each line. There are sixty-four hexagrams and three hundred and eighty-four lines in the Zhouyi. , so there are correspondingly sixty-four hexagrams and 384 linea words (since the two hexagrams "Qian" and "Kun" each have the words "Yongjiu" and "Yongliu", they are merged into the Yaoci Among them, there are a total of 386 lines). "Zhuan" is actually a monograph that explains the scriptures of "Zhouyi", namely "Tuozhuan" 1 and 2, "Xiang Zhuan" 1 and 2, "Wenyan" and "Xici". "Zhuan" upper and lower, "Shuo Gua Zhuan", "Xu Gua Zhuan" and "Miscellaneous Gua Zhuan", totaling seven kinds of ten chapters. Because they explain the meaning of the scriptures, they are like the wings of this classic, so the Han people call them "Ten Chapters". "Yi", later generations collectively referred to as "Yi Zhuan".
彖传
Sui Shang Xia Jing is divided into two parts, with sixty-four sections and sixty-four hexagrams. The name, the hexagram and the main purpose of the hexagram. Wang Bi said: "Who are you?" It is also a matter of analyzing the body of a hexagram and clarifying its source.
Xiang Zhuan
Sui Shang Xia Jing is divided into two parts, upper and lower, explaining the hexagram images of each hexagram and the line images of each line. The person who explains the hexagram images is called "Xiang Zhuan". The person who explained Yao Xiang is called "The Story of Little Elephant".
Classical Chinese
***The two sections explain the meaning of the two hexagrams "Qian" and "Kun" respectively, so they are also called "Qian Wenyan" and "Kun Wenyan". Mainly to further elaborate and expand on the basis of "彖" and "Xiang".
Xici Zhuan
It is divided into two parts, the upper and lower parts, which mainly explain the essentials of the scriptures and implement the basic meaning of the hexagrams and Yao Ci. The article makes a comprehensive analysis and elucidation of the "Book of Changes" scriptures. One expresses the subtleties of the "Book of Changes" and the other shows the key examples of reading the "Book of Changes".
Shuo Gua Zhuan
It is a monograph that explains the large-scale examples of the Bagua image selection, and is also an important basis for exploring the origin and development of the images in "Yi".
Xu Gua Chuan
It is a derivation outline of the order of the sixty-four hexagrams in the "Book of Changes", revealing the mutual inheritance between the hexagrams. The thirty-four hexagrams from "Qian" to "Li" in the first half of the sutra mainly talk about the way of heaven; the thirty-four hexagrams from "Xian" to "Weiji" in the second half mainly talk about human relations.
The Biography of Miscellaneous Hexagrams
It is said that "the hexagrams are mixed together, and their meanings are complicated." Reorganizing the sixty-four hexagrams into thirty-two pairs of "intricate hexagrams" aims to elucidate the changing laws of the development of things reflected in positive and negative factors.
Edit the structure of the Bagua in this paragraph
In the "Qiankun Pu", the three-dimensional structure of the Zhouyi Bagua is as follows: Qian: x=1, y=1, z=1 Xun: x =1, y=1, z=0 Illustration of "Qiankun Pu"
Li: x=1, y=0, z=1 Dui: x=0, y=1, z=1 Zhen: x=0, y=0, z=1 Hom: x=0, y=1, z=0 Gen: x=1, y=0, z=0 Kun: x=0, y=0, z=0
Edit the value and significance of this paragraph
Mr. Qianquan believes that the Book of Changes is a collective work, and the content of the Book of Changes itself cannot be attributed to one person at one time or place. hand. Divination is an important aspect of ancient Chinese civilization. The Xia and Shang dynasties already had important concepts of ghosts and gods and methods of communication between humans and ghosts. Divination is one of the behavioral patterns for communication between humans and ghosts, but the divination activity itself is also diverse. For example, there is a method of burning turtle shells or ox bones, and finding inspiration from the cracked patterns. The fortune teller would then carve the desired thing and the explanation of the patterns on the oracle bones, which have been passed down to this day, allowing modern people to study them. In ancient Chinese civilization, when this kind of divination activity (oracle bone inscriptions) was introduced into the cultural tradition of the Zhou Dynasty, it was improved by the Zhou people and established a complete system of concepts and symbols. Things and their explanations were recorded in writing. On the one hand, they established new divination rules (Gua Yao Ci) and used new divination tools (Yarrow) to complete the book of Zhouyi, which is our The part of the book of I Ching that I saw today. After interpretation by philosophers of all ages, it has developed into a profound philosophical work. At the same time, it is also a classic on natural science and social science in ancient my country. "The Book of Changes" can be called the source of Chinese culture. It is extremely rich in content and has had an extremely profound impact on China's politics, economy, culture and other fields for thousands of years. Regardless of the teachings of Confucius and Mencius, the theories of Lao and Zhuang, or "The Art of War" by Sun Tzu, or the "Huangdi Neijing", "Shenlong Yixue", they are all closely related to the "Book of Changes". Sun Simiao, a great doctor of the generation, once said: "If you don't know the Yi Jing, it's not enough to know how to treat medicine." It can be summed up in one sentence: without the "Book of Changes", there would be no Chinese civilization. "The Book of Changes" was further improved during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It is the collective creation of our ancestors and the crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese nation. The ideas in the "Book of Changes" have penetrated into every aspect of Chinese people's lives. Even if people are not aware of this, it is a fact. Confucius once said that people "use it every day without knowing it." Today, none of us have ever said that so-and-so is in a bad mood, so-and-so has changed his mind again, or has turned things around, or is it a good time, or other colloquial expressions and idioms, but not everyone knows them, and these words are all taken directly from the "Book of Changes" Come. "The Book of Changes" was listed as the first of the Six Classics (Yi, Poems, Books, Rites, Music, Spring and Autumn Period) during the Western Han Dynasty. It enjoys the highest status in the cultural history of our country. When Qin Shihuang burned the book, he did not dare to damage it. The study of "Book of Changes" is called "Book of Changes" or "Yixue" and has long become a profound knowledge. "Book of Han·Rulin Zhuan" records: "Confucius read the Book of Changes, weft-edited the three masterpieces, and passed it on." For five thousand years, the "Book of Changes" has been passed down from generation to generation, and there are many Buddhist schools. Many scholars have mastered the classics, researched and exegesis, and left more than 3,000 works, which is a masterpiece. There are various schools of research on "Zhouyi". They argue with each other, deny each other, and absorb each other, learning from each other's strengths and weaknesses. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there were theories about changing hexagrams, taking images, taking meanings, and saying that good or bad luck is determined by humans and that heaven is impermanent. During the Warring States Period, the theory of changes in yin and yang appeared. In the Han Dynasty, there was the study of Xiangshu (Gua Qi theory, Five Elements theory, Najia theory), which was called metaphysics in the Wei, Jin and Tang dynasties. During the Song and Ming dynasties, five major schools emerged: Neo-Confucianism, Mathematics, Qi, Xin, and Utilitarianism. Some people generally divide it into two schools: one is Confucianism and the other is Taoism.
Confucianism emphasizes the Qian hexagram and masculinity. It is said that "Heaven moves vigorously, and a gentleman constantly strives for self-improvement." It emphasizes self-cultivation to be useful to society. Taoism emphasizes Kun hexagram and Yin softness. It is said that "the great road is like water, the weak can defeat the strong." It emphasizes spiritual freedom, conforms to nature with inaction, and pursues the realm of unity between nature and man. Both Confucianism and Taoism developed from the "Book of Changes", just like the waters of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers originate from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The scientific connotation of the "Book of Changes" has been increasingly recognized and respected. The study of Yi Studies will become a prominent study worldwide in the 21st century. Despite this, there are still many mysteries in the "Book of Changes" that even Confucius and Zhu Xi were unaware of. In January 1930, American astronomer Tombaugh discovered Pluto, the ninth planet in the solar system. Someone immediately asked, is there a tenth planet in the solar system? Since Pluto was discovered not long ago and the observational data was not accurate, efforts to predict the tenth planet have failed one after another. At that time, Liu Zihua, a 27-year-old Chinese who was studying on a work-study program in France, was determined to find a new way to predict the tenth planet in the solar system without relying on Newton's law of gravity. Liu Zihua did not imagine it out of thin air. He discovered that there is a corresponding relationship between the stars in the solar system and the hexagram positions of the Bagua. Based on this relationship, he used astronomical parameters to perform calculations and proved that the average orbital speed and density of the stars belonging to each corresponding hexagram position were each a dense value. After repeated calculations, Liu Zihua was finally the first to calculate that the tenth planet’s average orbital speed is two kilometers per second, its density is 0.424 grams per cubic centimeter, and its average distance from the sun is 7.4 billion kilometers. According to the naming principles of Greek mythology , the one behind Pluto is called "Jupiter". Liu Zihua wrote his prediction into a paper titled "Bagua Cosmology and Modern Astronomy" and submitted it to the University of Paris in France as a thesis for obtaining a doctoral degree. The paper received unanimous praise, and Liu Zihua was officially awarded a French national doctorate in 1938. This is a great contribution made by Chinese scientists in modern times that shocked the world by using Tai Chi and Bagua diagrams. The ancient Chinese Tai Chi Bagua chart has made many contributions to modern science. The German mathematician Leibniz was the founder of the binary system of modern electronic computers. However, few people know that it was with the inspiration and help of the ancient Chinese Tai Chi Bagua chart that he came up with an idea and succeeded in one fell swoop. In 1667, Leibniz visited a museum in Paris, France, and saw an adding machine by Pascal, which aroused his interest in creating a multiplication machine. In the late autumn of 1701, when the fifty-four-year-old Leibniz was thinking hard about creating a multiplication machine and had no way out, he suddenly received the "Fuxi Sixty Years" sent to him by his French missionary friend from Beijing. Leibniz was greatly inspired by the "Four Hexagrams Sequence Diagram" and "Fuxi Sixty-Four Hexagrams Orientation Diagram" from these two diagrams. He actually discovered that the Bagua is the prototype of hieroglyphics, consisting of the Kun hexagram, the sutras Gen, Kan, and Kan. Xun, Zhen, Li, Dui and Qian Gua are exactly the complete binary layer number form composed of eight natural numbers from zero to seven. The "one" in the Bagua is called the Yang Yao, which is equivalent to the "1" in the binary system, while the "Zao" in the Bagua is called the Yin Yao, which is equivalent to the "0" in the binary system. The sixty-four hexagrams are the complete binary number forms of the sixty-four natural numbers from 0 to 63. In mathematics, Bagua is an eighth-order matrix. It can be seen that the ancient Chinese Tai Chi Bagua chart has made a historic contribution to the modern science of electronic computers. In 1973, Goldberg proposed the "Yin-Yang Hypothesis" of biological control, which occupied a certain position in the field of molecular biology research. He came up with this hypothesis precisely inspired by the Tai Chi Bagua diagram. It turns out that Sutrand discovered cyclophosphorus in 1957 and Price discovered cyclophosphorus in 1963. Both of them play a certain role in the occurrence and development of life activities and disease processes. At that time, Goldberg saw the Tai Chi and Bagua diagrams in a book of Chinese medicine published in North Korea, and was greatly inspired by it. He believed that the cyclic phosphorus and the cyclic bird phosphorus are two opposing regulatory systems in the body, which are consistent with Eastern medicine. The "yin and yang" in "yin and yang" are similar and may be the material basis of "yin and yang", thus proposing the famous "yin and yang hypothesis". In 1981, Goldberg came to China to give lectures and further elaborated on his hypothesis.
The ancient Tai Chi Bagua Diagram unique to China does have a very profound philosophy. However, due to its age, the ancient Tai Chi Bagua Diagram is still a fascinating mystery to people today: What exactly is the influence of the Tai Chi Bagua Diagram? How is inspiration created? What are the functions of Tai Chi Bagua Diagram? For what purpose was it created? ...For many questions, so far there are only legends and inaccurate conjectures, but no conclusive evidence. The ancient Tai Chi Bagua chart is knocking on the door of the palace of modern science.