① tautology. For example, Quyuan's name is flat, the word is original, and Guangping is the original. Confucius student Zai Yu, Zi Zi I, Ji Lu Zi You, Yan Hui Zi Yuan, Zhuge Liang Zi Kong Ming, Tao Yuanming Zi Liang, Zhou Yu Zi Gong Jin, Zhu Gejin Zi Yu and Wen Tianxiang Zi Jing Rui all belong to this category.
② Antisense opposition. The word Zhao Shuai, a doctor in Jin Dynasty, is redundant (increased). Ceng Dian (Xiaoheiye) is white. Tang Wang's words are useless, Zhu Xi's words are gloomy, Yuan Zhao Mengfu's words are proud, and Yan Shu's words are the same as uncle's.
③ conjecturing the meaning. Zhao Yunzi Zilong (Yun Conglong); Chao Buzhi, the word is blameless; Su Shi, the word Zizhan ("Zuo Zhuan 28 years": "Jun Feng Shi and watch it"); Yue Fei's word Peng Ju.
From the above three categories, it can be seen that words are closely related to names, and words are often the supplement or explanation of names. This is called "name correspondence" and they are both exterior and interior, so words are also called "table characters". These three types are the main ones. In addition, there are cases in which the five elements of the main branch are used to rank the characters, or the lines are ranked, and the father (fu) is added after the words, which are generally included in the scope of words.
closure type: names and characters are tightly closed, and * * * both indicate a profound content. For example, Qu Yuan, whose name is Ping and the word is Yuan, is "Plain". Ceng Gong, an essayist in the Northern Song Dynasty, has a solid word, which is called "consolidation".
juxtaposition: a name and a word are two aspects of the same thing or the same attribute. Mencius, Ming Ke, Zi Yu, "Ke" and "Yu" are all related to cars. Wang Chong, a litterateur in the Eastern Han Dynasty, has the same character as Ren.
Annotation: Names and words can annotate each other, which makes the truth clear. Ge Hong in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, whose word is elegant and elegant, has the meaning of "Dachuan Hong Tao", which means to perform routine practices and follow the moral norms of the sages, and expresses his lofty aspirations.
Synonymy: Names and words are represented by the same word. Ming Feng Menglong, whose word is still dragon, uses the same word "dragon". Li Yu, a dramatist in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, used the same word "jade".
Relativity: Names and characters are in opposition, with strong contrast. Zhu Xi, a philosopher in the Southern Song Dynasty, has no dark words, and "light and dark" are opposite to "dark". Hong Shen, a modern dramatist, is shallow, and "deep" is opposite to "shallow".
Causality: Names and words are mutually causal, revealing the laws of things. Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty, whose word is Youan, eradicated diseases from childhood and naturally got well-being. In the Yuan Dynasty, Ma Zhiyuan had a word of thousands of miles, and galloping horses could mean thousands of miles.
derivation: infer the word by its name, and vice versa. Such as Zhang Jiuling in Tang Dynasty, the word Zi Shou, "nine years old" belongs to "the life of a boy". Tang Lihe, whose word is long and auspicious, should be celebrated.
echo: names and words echo each other, revealing meaning. For example, Guo Pu in the Eastern Jin Dynasty has pure words, which is the echo of "rough jade" and "tenderness". Qing Kong Shangren, the word weightlifting, "Ren" echoes "Heavy", which means "A long way to go".
imitation: names imitate predecessors and are used for each other. Lu you in the southern song dynasty, the word service concept, its name imitates Qin Guan, a poet in the northern song dynasty, and the word travels less. Sima Xiangru in the Western Han Dynasty changed his nickname "Youzi" to "Xiangru" because he admired Lin Xiangru in the Warring States.
In ancient times, some scholars and literati had their own appellations besides their names and characters. Because this kind of claim is different from the names and words given by parents or elders, and has no connection with the names and words in meaning, it is called another name, also known as the self-number. However, it is by no means arbitrary for the ancients to name themselves, but it contains specific meanings or connotations.
There are many types of nicknames of the ancients, some from their own study, some from their own residence or place of residence (that is, their native place or hometown), some to express their interests and hobbies, and some to express their ambitions, pursuits and ideals.