Zhang Yi, Zhang Liang, Zhang Zhongjing, Zhang Juzheng, Zhang Zizhong.
1. Zhang Yi
Zhang Yi (? - 309 BC) was a native of Zhangyi Village in Anyi (now Wanrong, Shanxi Province) of Wei State. He was a descendant of the nobles of Wei State and a famous strategist and strategist during the Warring States Period. Diplomat and strategist.
Zhang Yi pioneered Lian Heng's diplomatic strategy to lobby for entry into Qin. King Hui of Qin appointed Zhang Yi as prime minister. Later, Zhang Yi sent envoys to lobby the vassal states to use "horizontal" to defeat "vertical", which caused all countries to change from uniting vertically to resist Qin to uniting horizontally and pro-Qin. Zhang Yi was therefore named Lord Wu Xin by the King of Qin.
After the death of King Qin Hui, because King Qin Wu who came to the throne did not like Zhang Yi when he was the prince, Zhang Yi fled Wei and became the prime minister of Wei. He died a year later.
2. Zhang Liang
Zhang Liang (about 250 BC - 186 BC), courtesy name Zifang, was born in Xinzheng (now Xinzheng City, Henan Province). He was an outstanding counselor at the end of the Qin Dynasty and the beginning of the Han Dynasty. He was known as the "Three Heroes of the Early Han Dynasty" together with Han Xin and Xiao He.
The ancestor Zhang Liang served as the prime minister of the five Korean kings in Yangdi, the capital of South Korea (today's Yuzhou City, Henan Province). He urged Liu Bang to speak softly at the Hongmen Banquet and preserve his strength, and he also communicated with Xiang Yu's third father, Xiang Bo, so that Liu Bang could escape smoothly.
With his outstanding resourcefulness, he assisted Liu Bang, the king of Han, to win the Chu-Han War and establish the Han Dynasty. He also helped Liu Ying, the son of Empress Lu, become the crown prince and was granted the title of Liuhou.
Proficient in the ways of Huang and Lao, and not obsessed with power. In his later years, he traveled around the world with Chi Songzi. After Zhang Liang's death, he was given the posthumous title Wencheng.
3. Zhang Zhongjing
Zhang Zhongjing (about 150-154 AD - about 215-219 AD), named Zhongjing, was born in Nieyang County, Nanyang (now Henan Province) in the Eastern Han Dynasty A native of Zhangzhai Village, Rangdong Town, Dengzhou City, Province.
A famous medical scientist in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, he was revered as a medical sage by later generations. Zhang Zhongjing collected medical prescriptions extensively and wrote the masterpiece "Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases" which has been handed down from generation to generation. The principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment established by it is the basic clinical principle of traditional Chinese medicine and the soul of traditional Chinese medicine.
In terms of prescriptions, Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Miscellaneous Diseases has also made great contributions, creating many dosage forms and recording a large number of effective prescriptions. The treatment principles of syndrome differentiation based on the six meridians established by him have been highly praised by medical scientists of all ages.
This is the first medical monograph in China that establishes the principles of syndrome differentiation and treatment from theory to practice. It is one of the most influential works in the history of Chinese medicine. It is an essential classic work for later scholars to study traditional Chinese medicine. It is widely praised by medical practitioners. attention from doctors and clinicians.
4. Zhang Juzheng
Zhang Juzheng (1525-July 9, 1582), named Shuda, nicknamed Taiyue, and his childhood name Zhang Baigui, was a Wei of Jingzhou, Huguang (now Jingzhou City, Hubei Province) ), with military status, was born in Jiangling County (now part of Jingzhou), so people at that time also called him "Zhang Jiangling".
A politician and reformer in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the chief minister of the cabinet during the Wanli period, assisted the Wanli Emperor Zhu Yijun in creating the "Wanli New Deal", known in history as the "Zhang Juzheng Reform". ?
In the twenty-sixth year of Jiajing (1547), 23-year-old Zhang Juzheng passed the Jinshi examination. In the first year of Longqing (1567), he served as the left minister of the Ministry of Personnel and the bachelor of Dongge. Later, he moved to the second assistant of the cabinet, as the minister of the Ministry of Personnel and the bachelor of Jianjidian.
In the sixth year of Longqing (1572), after Ming Shenzong ascended the throne, Zhang Juzheng replaced Gao Gong as the chief minister of the cabinet due to the support of Empress Dowager Li and the eunuch Feng Bao. Ming Shenzong was young at that time, and Zhang Juzheng presided over the adjudication of all major military and political affairs.
In the ten years since Zhang Juzheng served as the chief minister of the cabinet, he implemented a series of reform measures. In terms of finance, the land was cleared and the "one whip method" was implemented. All taxes and labor were paid in silver. "Taicang millet can be used for ten years, and Zhou Temple has accumulated more than four million yuan."
In terms of military affairs, famous generals such as Qi Jiguang and Li Chengliang were appointed to the north of the town, and Ling Yunyi, Yin Zhengmao and others were used to quell the rebellion in the southwest; in terms of official administration, a comprehensive verification of names and facts was implemented, and the "examination method" was adopted to assess officials at all levels. Even though we are thousands of miles away, we will follow it from the beginning to the end of the day." The political system is awe-inspiring.
On July 9, the tenth year of Wanli (1582) (the twentieth day of the sixth lunar month), Zhang Juzheng died of illness at the age of fifty-eight. He was given the posthumous title Wenzhong of Shangzhu State (both were later deprived of it).
Zhang Juzheng was also the only civil servant in the Ming Dynasty who was awarded the title of Taifu or Taishi during his lifetime. After his death, his family was confiscated by Ming Shenzong, and his reputation was restored in the second year of Tianqi of Ming Xizong (1622). He is the author of "Zhang Taiyue Collection", "Shu Jing Direct Interpretation", "Emperor's Illustrated Commentary", etc.
5. Zhang Zizhong
Zhang Zizhong (August 11, 1891 - May 16, 1940), whose courtesy name was Xinchen, later changed to Xinchen, was a Han nationality and a native of Linqing, Shandong Province. , the commander-in-chief of the Fifth Theater Right Group Army and the 33rd Group Army, a general of the Chinese Kuomintang with the rank of lieutenant general, posthumously awarded the rank of second-level general, a famous anti-Japanese general and a national hero.
From 1937 to 1940, he successively participated in the Battle of Linyi, the Battle of Xuzhou, the Battle of Wuhan, the Battle of Suizao and the Battle of Zaoyi. Unfortunately, he died in a battle with the Japanese army in Xiangyang in 1940.
After the founding of New China, the Central People's Government posthumously recognized General Zhang Zizhong as a revolutionary martyr. In 2009, he was named one of the "100 Heroic Model Figures Who Made Outstanding Contributions to the Founding of New China."
In September 2014, General Zhang Zizhong was included in the first batch of 300 famous anti-Japanese martyrs and heroes.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Zhang surname