① The female flower of cucumber is not completely fertilized, and only seeds are produced at the top of the melon, which makes nutrients accumulate at the top, resulting in a particularly large pulp tissue at the top, which is the head of the pot-bellied melon.
(2) When plants lack potassium and nitrogen fertilizer is supplied in excess, they will produce pot-bellied melons.
③ Cucumber is short of water in the early stage of growth, and a large amount of water supply will produce pot-bellied melon in the later stage. This is because water has a great influence on cell elongation or hypertrophy. When water is scarce, cells grow slowly, and when water is sufficient, cells develop rapidly.
2. Prevention and control methods
1. Improve the photosynthetic function of leaves and spray a certain amount of micro-fertilizer at the right time; Boron deficiency can easily lead to poor growth and development of young melons, honeydew melons and big-headed melons. Boron fertilizer should be properly supplemented in the management process, and sprayed once every 7 ~ 10 day for 2 ~ 3 times continuously, which can effectively alleviate the problem.
2. Balanced water supply, early control of growth without water shortage; There was no excessive water supply due to rapid growth in the later period;
3. Reasonable temperature control. The temperature should not be too high, 25 ~ 28℃ during the day and 13 ~ 15℃ at night.
4. Prevention and control of diseases should be given priority to, and prevention and control should be carried out at the early stage of diseases. Maintain the growth potential of plants. Protect leaves and ensure the supply of organic nutrition.
5. Prevent flower picking insects from flying in. If flowers-picking insects such as bees disrupt the fertilization process, some nutrients in the growing seeds will be concentrated and the top will swell. It is prone to malnutrition.
6. For the deformed melons that have appeared, they should be removed as soon as possible, so that nutrients can be supplied to the growth and development of normal young melons.