The main contents and writing methods of graduation thesis proposal report
The down-to-earth university life is coming to an end. College students have begun to do graduation projects. Before doing graduation projects, they must first write the proposal How should I write a report or proposal report? The following is the main content and writing method of the graduation thesis proposal report that I compiled. It is for reference only. Let’s take a look.
What parts does the proposal report include?
Generally, undergraduate proposal reports include:
(1) The background and significance of the topic selection
(2)The basic content of the research and the main problems to be solved
(3)Research methods and measures
(4)The steps and progress of the research work
(5) Main references and other items.
General master’s proposal reports include:
(1)The significance of the topic selection
(2)The purpose and significance of the research
(3) Literature review
(4) Research ideas and methods
(5) Paper framework
(6) References.
General doctoral proposal reports include:
(1) Question raising
(2) Main concepts and theoretical comments
(3 )Analytical framework and research design
(4) Possible difficulties
(5) Expected contribution
(6) Paper structure.
The above is an example of some content requirements that need to be included in the proposal report. The proposal report will be slightly adjusted due to different regions and universities. For example, some universities do not require the literature review of the master's proposal report, or list it separately and submit it as two parts: the proposal report and the literature review.
How to write a proposal report?
In simple terms:
1. Determine the topic (define the topic according to the direction given by the instructor, and choose the topic clearly How to solve this problem later, and what kind of answer you want to get, the number of words should not exceed 20 words. If it is really necessary for research, use the main and subtitles),
2. Literature search (must have Sufficient literature to support topic selection),
3. List the general framework
4. Start writing (undergraduate proposal reports generally have 1,000-3,000 words, master’s proposal reports 2,000-10,000 words Doctoral proposal report (5,000-15,000 words).
Specifically:
According to the topic, check some information first to see what others are researching. Undergraduate and master’s degrees do not require too much innovation, but PhD students need innovation and have to look at other people’s research. Where is the workload reflected? Especially in the design category, the design steps and main workload should be summarized. If you are not doing design, the focus will be on theory. The second step is to summarize the relevant information and form a review text. The proposal report should have a word count requirement. The last step is to figure out the direction from which you want to start, what are the key technologies involved, and what are the technical routes when doing design. Particular attention should be paid to the status of the topic selected in the literature review in the entire related research field. This is the theoretical value. Then let’s talk about the actual value, that is, what significance this topic may have to reality. In short, the proposal report is to guide the entire process from topic research to paper writing.
The most difficult part:
The undergraduate degree is about methods and measures (what research methods will be used in this topic and how to solve the problem),
The master’s degree is about research ideas and methods (ideas for writing research content and what methods to study),
Ph.D. is to analyze the framework and research design, difficulties that may be encountered, and expected contributions (how to determine the framework, what difficulties are encountered in writing and what needs to be done) what goals to achieve).
In the writing of the proposal report, the determination of the number of words is also an important part. It is necessary to allocate the number of words to each part reasonably and not be top-heavy.
Generally, the number of references for a master’s proposal report needs to reach 30-100, and for a general doctoral proposal, the number of references needs to reach 80-200. Therefore, topic selection is very important and must be supported by a sufficient number of documents. , of course, these documents also need to include foreign documents, not just domestic documents. Where do you need to find references? Generally, you can search from university libraries, CNKI thesis database, VIP thesis database, and Wanfang thesis database. You can refer to master's theses, doctoral theses, and core papers. Foreign materials can be browsed on Google. If you have the ability, you can search for materials from the libraries of foreign universities.
Three questions about the proposal report:
How long does it take to complete the proposal report?
Generally, undergraduate proposal reports are completed in 2-5 days, and generally master's proposal reports are completed in 7 days -15 days to complete, generally doctoral proposal report 15-60 days to complete.
Does the proposal report need to be original?
Undergraduate and master's proposal reports do not have to be original, while doctoral proposals need to be original.
What should be paid attention to when defending the proposal report?
1. Narration of the source of the topic
2. Explanation of the research value of the contents of the proposal report
3. What information was consulted
4. Problems encountered and how to solve them.
When is the defense time for the proposal report? The defense time for the undergraduate proposal report is in March and April each year, the defense time for the master's proposal report is from December to January of the next year, and the defense time for the doctoral proposal report is one year. Due to differences in regions and universities, the time for proposal and defense is slightly adjusted.
How to write an outline for a graduation thesis
In fact, it is equivalent to a logical chart composed of sequence codes and words. It is very necessary to make a graduation thesis outline because:
1. It can prompt you to plan the full text from a macro perspective. Since compiling an outline requires the selection of materials; and then arranging and adjusting the use of necessary materials in order according to the needs of the argumentation topic; reluctantly giving up unnecessary materials, etc., therefore, this prompts myself to make a reasonable preparation of the entire article. layout.
2. It can visualize the framework of the graduation thesis. A good graduation thesis outline can arrange the central argument, subordinate arguments and arguments of the graduation thesis in an orderly and clear-level manner, so that you can see it clearly at a glance.
3. It can help you write in order according to the established graduation thesis framework and avoid repetition when writing. Since writing an academic graduation thesis requires a relatively long period of time to complete, having a detailed and clear outline of the graduation thesis will enable you to follow the plan and write it fluently.
If there is no graduation thesis outline, although there is a draft, due to the long writing time, when writing the middle or second half of the graduation thesis, you may forget what you have written in the first half and write it again. ; Or due to the long time, the content that should be written is forgotten and omitted. In this way, there will be duplication or omission, which will affect the quality of the graduation thesis.
When preparing a graduation thesis outline, preparations should be made in two aspects:
1. Determining the basic argument is to determine the center of expression of the full text. After that, determine the lower arguments, that is, several small arguments that elaborate on the basic arguments. It is best to write the argument sentence for the lower argument to make it fixed. When determining the subordinate argument, the argument that is most closely logically related to the superior argument and has the strongest persuasiveness should be selected based on the needs of the basic argument of the argument (superordinate argument).
2. Select materials. Selecting materials means selecting the materials that will be written in the graduation thesis. This work should select the materials that best prove the point of view (upper argument, lower argument) from the large amount of materials collected and use them as the basis for establishing the argument. These materials should be small but refined. The selection and arrangement of materials should be prioritized.
In the process of selecting materials, the following methods can be adopted: separate the selected materials according to questions; divide the materials that prove each question into one group; arrange the materials in each group in the order of use. After organizing the materials as mentioned above and connecting them with the arguments, it is convenient to prepare an outline in the next step.
Prepare an outline. To prepare a good academic graduation thesis outline of about 10,000 words, you should pay attention to three issues:
1. Have a reasonable project
Generally under the title of the graduation thesis , compile small projects of two or three levels.
For example, write:
First, the title (central argument);
Second, three to four sub-arguments (sub-arguments);
Third, one to four arguments.
The second and third items can be written in a title way, that is, using brief language to summarize the content of the part in the form of a title; they can also be written in a sentence way, that is, using a relatively complete expression. The meaningful sentence structure summarizes the content of the part. Both have their own merits, and everyone can choose one according to their own needs.
2. Use an effective method to prepare a graduation thesis outline
The main methods are:
(1) Develop a title, that is, name the graduation thesis yourself . It requires that the title can convey the content of the title, be worthy of the name, and enable readers to know at a glance: the main content of the full text summarized in the graduation thesis.
(2) Consider the size and order of the article, not only considering which aspects or order in which the whole article will be developed and elaborating the basic arguments (the logical structural framework of the full text); but also arranging each article one by one. For the next argument, consider the arrangement of each paragraph in turn, label and arrange the materials to be used in the order of conception for use in writing.
(3) Check the outline comprehensively and repeatedly, and make necessary additions, subtractions or adjustments.
3. Write a detailed and appropriate graduation thesis outline.
There are two types of outlines: simple outlines and detailed outlines. The content of the simple outline only includes the graduation thesis title and the underlying argument, while the detailed outline also includes various evidence to demonstrate the underlying argument. Generally speaking, it is advisable to prepare a detailed outline. Because preparing this kind of outline can help you comprehensively plan your article, and help you proceed in an orderly manner during the writing process.
How to write a comment on a college graduation thesis
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