Xixia is Jin Zhangzong Hong Yanjing:
He ascended the throne in 1 189.
A.D. 1208 ascended the throne.
Zhang Zong (Big Brother Hong Yan)
Birth: 1 168- death: 1208 (in office 19).
, surname, name Ma Dage, Sun, father Yun Gong. Mother Xiaoyi moved to Shanjia. Jin Dading was born eight years ago. Taihe died in eight years. After he ascended the throne, he abolished slavery and completed the establishment of feudalism. Increase the population and enrich the national treasury. Zhang Zong was the emperor with the highest culture in Jin Dynasty. He wrote many poems and liked calligraphy and painting. He founded a painting and calligraphy institute in North Korea, collecting lost books and famous paintings. He died on 1208 at the age of 4 1.
Wan Yanjing (1 168- 1208), jurchen's name is Ma Dage, grandfather is Sejong Wan, father is Yin Zongyungong, and mother, Queen Xiaoyi, is an apprentice. In the 29th year of Dading (1 189), Sejong died. He was the great-grandson of the emperor, Zhang Zong, who reigned for 20 years and made great contributions to the development and prosperity of the rulers.
Jin Zhangzong was born in the prosperous Jin Dynasty when Sejong was in power. Since childhood, he was deeply influenced by his grandfather's literary skills and was proficient in Confucian culture. After he succeeded to the throne, he followed his grandfather's "benevolent policy" and tried his best to imitate Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty's improved sinicization reform, which denied the old system of his own people, and no longer followed Sejong's retro approach. Constantly improve various political and economic systems to realize the complete feudalization of the Jurchen nationality.
In February of the 29th year of Dading (1 189), Zhang Zonggang ascended the throne, which solved the historical problem that slaves in the Jin Dynasty were also called "two-tax households". These slaves have to pay taxes to the state and rent to the temple, which is the lowest status. With the development of feudalism, the existence of slavery has become a serious obstacle to the development of production, and through Zhang Zong's efforts, the vast majority of slaves have become civilians.
For the Jin Dynasty, Meng 'an Moke system with unique jurchen characteristics played a decisive role in the history of Daikin Kingdom's expansion of territory and the elimination of Liao and Song Dynasties. Zhang Zong inherited some rectification measures from Sejong and formulated many new regulations. These regulations have effectively stopped the unprofessional work and freedom of a certain subject in Meng 'an. Later, Zhang Zong deprived Mon Monk of the privilege of hereditary system by law, and eliminated a number of mediocre and incompetent Mon Monk, thus improving the overall quality of Mon Monk.
During the reign of Zhang Zong, the reform of the official system was strengthened and many new institutions were established to meet the situation and needs. At the same time, Zhang Zong has made great achievements in the construction of legal system, which has played a great role in consolidating political power, stabilizing society, developing economy and safeguarding the interests of the ruling class.
Zhang Zong inherited the prosperity of Sejong, and finally completed the feudalization of Jurchen society. This is the most prosperous period of the Jin dynasty, with developed economy, increased population, rich treasury and rich world. Historians evaluate it as "a well-off society in the room".
The population of the Jin Dynasty was the largest during the Jin Zhangzong period. In the sixth year of Ming Chang (1206), there were 7,223,400 households with 48,490,400 people of Jurchen, Qidan and Han nationality, which was more than that of Sejong in the twenty-seventh year (1 187)1623,700 people. Zhang Zong Taihe has the largest population, with a total population of over 56 million. The population is growing so fast that it is difficult to maintain it without a prosperous economy as the foundation.
During the Zhang Zong period, the Jurchen society experienced the feudal process of the Jin Dynasty from top to bottom and from outside to inside. On the basis of the rapid development of agricultural economy, handicrafts and commerce have also been greatly developed, fiscal revenue has been increasing, and wealth accumulation has reached an unprecedented level; In the second year of Ming-Chang (1 19 1), the state treasury of Jin received more than 200 taels of gold 1200, and 552,000 taels of silver. As a result, the fiscal revenue continued to increase and the tax revenue reached a record. Jin Dynasty was in its heyday.
In the last few years in Zhang Zong, border disputes continued, and Tatars and Mongolian soldiers in the north constantly rose up against gold. The Song Dynasty in the south also launched a war against Jin. Although it won the war, it also suffered heavy losses. In the years of frequent wars, from the 29th year of Dingding (1 189) to the 5th year of Mingchang (1 194), the Yellow River burst its banks three times and was flooded. A large number of farmers died in floods or fled. The tax revenue of the Jin Dynasty dropped sharply, but the military expenditure for foreign operations increased day by day, which led to the financial deficit and the issuance of a large number of paper money, which also caused social and economic disorder. Therefore, although the Zhang Zong period was the heyday of the Jin Dynasty, it was also the turning point of the Jin Dynasty from prosperity to decline.
In November of the eighth year of Taihe (1208), Zhang Zong died at Anfutang in Jinzhong at the age of 4 1. His uncle Wei Yongji was lucky enough to win the throne. Zhao Wei, a native of posthumous title, Zhang Zong, Wang Zun, was named "Yunren, the Emperor of Natural Light, and Shengren Filial Piety of Wu Wenyi", with the temple number of Zhang Zong, and was buried in Daoling, Dafangshan.
At the end of the Liao Dynasty, the Lord Yelv Zhilugu:
At the end of the Liao Dynasty, the name of the monarch was Yelv Zhilugu, the son of Yelv Yilie, the emperor of the Western Liao Dynasty. When his father Injong died, he was still young and inherited his aunt's legacy. After Yelupu's death, Yu Chongfu was killed in the 14th year (1 177). Yelupu acceded to the throne and changed his name to Tianxi, known as Gulhan.
During the reign of Yeluzhi Lu Gu, he blindly entertained and hunted, ignoring political affairs, which led to political corruption and social contradictions. Soon, Hua La Zi Mo and Samarkand echoed Naiman Khan's Qu Chu Law and attacked Western Liao. There was civil strife in the western Liao Dynasty. In the thirty-fourth year of Tianxi (12 1 1), Yeluzhen went abroad. When hunting, Mongolia surrendered to King Qu Chulu of Naiman, captured him with 8,000 ambush, and forced him to make way. Lu Ye is the father of the emperor and the empress is the empress dowager. 12 13 years, YeLvdashi died of illness. Yelv Lu Zhi was called the last Lord in ancient history. 12 18 years, Mongolia broke the western Liao, killed Qu Chulu and Yeluzhi Lu Gu, and Liao died.
Genghis Khan:
Genghis Khan (Genghis Khan), surnamed Jin, named Temujin. Mongolians are also outstanding politicians and strategists in Mongolian history. In A.D. 1206, it was chosen as the Great Khan of the Mongolian Empire, which unified the Mongolian tribes. During his reign, he launched many wars of conquest, stretching from the Black Sea coast in the west to almost the whole of East Asia in the east, and established one of the famous great empires across Europe and Asia in the world history. Go to William Wang of Kelie Department, collect his dead father's old men, and gradually recover strength. About Jin Dading's failure to set up a palace account, it is called Khan. Fighting against Jamukha and others in Zadakan, losing, is known as the Battle of Thirteen Wings. In the first year of Jin Cheng 'an (1 196), he joined hands with Wang Han to help Jin intercept the Hanrizha River (now Jihe River in Mongolia) and was appointed as the official of Chawu Hulu. It also fought with Wang Han and Naiman, and after the war, the ministries attached themselves to each other, and their power gradually increased. In February of the first year of Jintaihe (120 1), he and Wang Han defeated more than ten allied forces in the Mongolian Plateau headed by Jamukha. Destroy the tower and tear four pieces. Hulunbeier grassland said that its strength has increased greatly. In three years, he was attacked by Wang Han's troops and retreated to Banni River (southwest of Hulun Lake). Soon, Wang Han caught off guard, captured Wang Han's tooth account and destroyed Kelie's department. The following year, he fought a decisive battle with Naiman's department and destroyed Naiman. In six years, the Hulitai Conference was held on the Hanan River (now the E 'nen River) to build Mongolia, that is, to sweat and add a symbol of success, to promulgate Zasa, to build ten thousand people afraid of learning, to enfeoffment 95,000 households, and to set Zalu in charge of administration and justice. Four years after he ascended the throne (1209), he invaded Xixia on a large scale, flooded Zhongxing House (now Yinchuan, Ningxia) with water, and forced Xixia to recruit women to make peace. In six years, he led the army south to attack gold and divided his troops to break through all parts of North China. Nine years later, because Di Chin proposed peace to Qi Country Princess, he withdrew. Ten years later, Di Chin took Zhongdu (now Beijing) as an excuse to move the capital to Nanjing (now Kaifeng, Henan). Died of illness in Liupanshan. In the second year of Yuan Shizu Zhiyuan (1265), the temple was named Taizu. The following year, he caught up with Emperor Shengwu, posthumous title, was buried as a sophomore (1309) and transported to Emperor Shengwu.
Growing experience
Born in a noble family in Mongolia. Zu Hai Du, Gao Zudun Binai, great-grandfather Gebulu Khan and great-grandfather Anbahai Khan are all prominent figures or leaders of the Mongolian Ministry. Father should soon have the title of Eight Doors (Warriors). At that time, there were more than 100 tribes in Mobei Plateau, attacking each other. When Temujin was born, it happened that his father captured Temujin Wu Ge, the leader of Tata Children's Department, in battle, so he took this name to commemorate his martial arts.
When he was 9 years old, his father was poisoned by the Tatars, and everyone was separated. He fought against his widowed mother, Hoelun. He was captured by other tribes and almost killed, but he escaped by his own cleverness. A little longer, attach yourself to Tory, the most powerful leader of the Mongolian Plateau (later known as King Khan) and respect him as the father, so that you can gather your father's old staff; He and Jamukha, the leader of Zagreb's Ansan Department, became an Ansan (righteous brother) and gradually developed his influence. In order to avenge Meiere's wife, Wang Han and Jamukha sent troops, and together with tens of thousands of soldiers, they suddenly attacked Meiere's wife, killed them all and regained their wives.
In the last years of Jin Dading, he moved to the upper reaches of Lvlian River (now Krulun River), set up accounts independently, made extensive alliances, selected talents, and was generous to others, which attracted many Mongolian ministries and Qi Yanshi nobles to vote, and was called Khan. At the end of Jin Dading or the beginning of Ming Chang, Jamukha turned back and led the 13 Coalition forces to attack with 30,000 people. Temujin summoned 30,000 troops from various ministries and divided them into 13 wings (wings, meaning battalion or circle) to fight. After losing, he retreated, which is called the Battle of Thirteen Wings in history. Because Temujin is good at winning people's hearts, many people in Jamukha have defected, but he has strengthened his own strength.
In the first year of Cheng 'an (1 196), together with Wang Han, he cooperated with Jin Dynasty Prime Minister Wan to kill many people below Minister Tatar, and was awarded Zawu Huli (tribal officer) by Jin Dynasty. Join hands with Wang Han again and defeat the Hadajin and others in the alliance 1 1 Coalition.
In the first year of Taihe (120 1), he led the army to break the loose alliance organized by Jamukha. The following year, he was attacked by Naiman allies and retreated to the walls of Phnom Penh. Defeated Naiman Allied Forces in the wilderness of Kuyitian (now the upper reaches of the Haraha River), attacked and destroyed the four Tatars. Because of his growing power, Wang Han was jealous and hostile. In three years, Wang Han raided and defeated the Banzuni River (now southwest of Hulun Lake). Together with his followers, he vowed to drink turbid water and overcome difficulties. Then he moved to the middle reaches of the Hehehe River (Halaha), and collected more than 4,600 riders (say 2,600) from the scattered departments, and gradually recovered after rest. After the investigation, it was learned that Wang Khan was arrogant and unguarded, and attacked Wang Khan's camp at night, defeating all of them. Wang Han escaped alone, was killed by Naiman, and Ke Lie was killed.
In four years, I built a timid (defender). Soon, Naiman leader Sun Khan attacked, cleverly arranged a puzzle, captured and killed Sun Khan alive, conquered his army, and forced Hadajin, Doruban and other troops to surrender. By the first year of Genghis Khan (1206), many tribes, large and small 100, on the Mongolian Plateau were defeated, and the five major parts of Tatar, Kelie, Mirqi, Naiman and Mongolia were unified under the banner of Temujin. Temujin then held a big party at the source of the South River (now the Nen River) and established Yekemeng Urus (Great Mongolia), honoring Genghis Khan (the name means "ocean" or "powerful" emperor). Expand the fear of Xue to ten thousand people and call it Dazhong Army. Organize thousands of people with the unity of soldiers and people, mount horses to prepare for war, dismount and gather for grazing. Life "four jie" Boroqul, black blind, Muqali, ChiLaoWen for four fear Xue Chang.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Genghis Khan became more and more powerful and began to launch a large-scale conquest war abroad. After more than 20 years of war with Xixia, it repeatedly created the main force of Xixia army, forcing Xixia king to beg for mercy and surrender, clearing the northwest barrier of Jin Dynasty and successfully attacking gold in the south. In six years, he led the army to attack the gold, which opened the Mongolian-gold war for 24 years. Wushabao (now northwest of Zhangbei, Hebei) won the first battle; Then hit Yehuling (now the northwest of Wanquan, Hebei Province) and Huihe Fort (now the southeast of Huai 'an) and annihilate a large number of elite 8 Jin Army; He also attacked Huailai (now Hebei) and Gashan (now Yanqing, Beijing) and defeated more than 100,000 Jin Jun; It also hit the Jin Army in Tokyo (now Liaoyang, Liaoning), Xijing (now Datong, Shanxi) and Juyongguan. Later, he constantly changed his tactics and attacked the hinterland of the Central Plains and western Liaoning for plunder in three ways.
In March of the ninth year of Genghis Khan, soldiers gathered at the gates of Zhongdu (now Beijing). At that time, it was difficult to capture the city, so they sent messengers to make peace, forcing the rulers to dedicate Qi Country Princess, gold silks and horses and lead the troops out of Juyongguan. In June, under the pretext that the Jin Dynasty moved its capital to Nanjing (now Kaifeng, Henan Province) to "break the contract", taking advantage of the fact that the people of Jin were floating and the army mutinied in Mongolia, three troops were sent to meet Badou and graphite Ming 'an led the army to attack the capital of Mongolia (a general term for conquered northern tribes in Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties). In order to meet the needs of siege, Genghis Khan adopted the strategy of building the Ministry, and gradually established the artillery army, with artillery stones as the first priority in siege. Later, when attacking the city, hundreds of guns were used at a time, and the city was quickly broken. At the same time, in order to absorb the advanced technology of all ethnic groups and plunder craftsmen and artists everywhere, a city plunders tens of thousands. Subsequently, an army of craftsmen was established and a factory was established to smelt iron and make weapons. In communication, it has created "the arrow travels quickly", traveling hundreds of miles every day, and the speed of military order transmission and military deployment has increased. He is good at playing the role of cavalry and is known as the "Mongolian whirlwind".
In the twelfth year of Genghis Khan, Genghis Khan named Muqali the surname and king, commanded the Golden War, and returned to Mongolia to prepare for the Western Expedition.
In the 13th year of Genghis Khan, Zhe Bie, a pioneer general, was sent to wipe out the forces of Western Liao and Qu Chulv and clear the way for the Western Expedition.
Genghis Khan was in power 14 years, and led an army of about 200,000 people. For the purpose of military expansion and plunder, he marched westward on the grounds of killing Mongolian businessmen and envoys in the western regions. In a few years, Ortera (the middle reaches of the Syr Darya River), Bukhara and Samarkand were successively conquered. Zhe Bie and Subutai were sent to hunt down Mahamo, King of Walamoz, and were forced to flee to an island in the Kuantian Keith Sea (now Caspian Sea) (later died of illness). Then ordered Zhe Bie, northern Jiangsu to continue westward, as far as the Crimean peninsula; He led the army to pursue Zalandin, the son of Maha, to Shenhe (Indus River).
In the 19th year of Genghis Khan, Banshi returned to Mobei.
In the 21st year of Genghis Khan, 654.38+ ten thousand troops annihilated the main force of Xixia Army (Xixia perished the following year). Genghis Khan tried to concentrate on attacking gold. In the 22nd year (1August 25th, 227), he died on July12nd in Xiaqingshui County (now Gansu Province) of Liupanshan at the age of 66. Last wish: Take advantage of the disharmony between Song and Jin Dynasties, and use the territory of Song Dynasty to unite with Song Dynasty to destroy Jin Dynasty. His sons Wokuotai and Tuo Lei followed this policy and perished the Jin Dynasty in the sixth year of Wokuotai Khan (1234).
The first two are Guangzong and Ningzong, so I won't introduce them. The above is very detailed from Baidu. At the same time, san huang briefly said, if you need details, you can consult in Baidu. It will help you if I copy the above.