1. The original text and translation of Shen Nong’s Taste of Hundred Herbs in classical Chinese
In ancient times, humans relied on gathering and hunting to obtain food in order to maintain their lives.
In order to prevent people from starving, a god named Shennong came to the world and taught humans how to sow grains and use their own labor to ensure sufficient means of living. Shennong is a loving god. He has the head and human body of an ox and is extremely powerful. He often helps poor people farm, and like an ox, he works hard to serve mankind.
Human beings learned to farm from Shennong, and with enough food, they no longer had to worry about starvation. However, many people often fall ill after eating a full meal.
Some people are ill and do not get well for a long time, and they can only survive until they die. After Shennong learned about this kind of thing, he felt very anxious. He didn't believe in witch doctors asking for divination, but he also had no way to cure the disease.
So, he discussed with many people how to cure people's diseases and free them from the troubles of the disease. He tried many methods, such as roasting with fire, watering, sun exposure, freezing, etc. Although the symptoms of some diseases could be alleviated, the effect was not ideal.
One day, Shennong came to the Jingang area of ??Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, and tasted the grass and trees, and found that the grass and trees had various flavors such as sweet, sour, bitter, spicy and so on. He gave grass with a bitter taste to a person who had a cough, and the person's cough was immediately relieved a lot; he gave grass with a sour taste to a person with a stomachache, and the person's stomach pain stopped.
It is very hard for the miracle doctor to taste the herbs. Not only does he have to climb mountains and walk to find the herbs, but his life is also in danger if he tastes the herbs. In search of medicine, Shennong was poisoned 0 times a day. Shennong was poisoned to the point of death and was in great pain.
But with his strong physical strength, he stood up and continued to taste more plants. There are so many varieties of grass and trees on the earth that they are countless. In order to speed up the tasting of grass and trees, Shen Nong used a tool called "divine whip", also called "ochre whip", which was used to whip all kinds of grass and trees. Grass and trees, after being beaten with ocher whip, they are poisonous or non-toxic, bitter or sweet, cold or hot, and various medicinal properties are naturally revealed.
Shen Nong treated human diseases based on the different properties of these plants and trees. He once used the magic whip on Chengyang Mountain and discovered many herbs with significant curative effects, such as licorice to treat coughs, rhubarb to treat constipation, yellow lotus to reduce swelling, and so on.
Therefore, later generations called Chengyang Mountain Shennongyuan, also called Medicine Mountain. Human beings suffer from many diseases while living in the world, but few of the plants and trees discovered by Shennong have curative effects. In order to cure more diseases, he kept tasting more plants and trees.
Once, when he was tasting a vine-like plant with small yellow flowers that climbed up in the cracks of the rocks, he ate the flowers and stems into his stomach. Not long after, he felt a terrible pain in his stomach, like his intestines. It felt like it was broken, and the pain was so painful that he was rolling on the ground. In the end, Shennong could not withstand it and was poisoned to death by the grass.
Although Shen Nong was poisoned to death, he used his life to discover a highly poisonous grass, which was named Duanchangcao. 2. Key content words in classical Chinese about Shennong tasting a hundred herbs
Shennong tasting a hundred herbs:
Liu An of the Western Han Dynasty, "Huainanzi Xiuwu Xun" said: "In ancient times, people drank grass, drank water, and gathered trees. In fact, eating the flesh of the crickets often causes diseases and poisonous injuries. So Shen Nong began to teach the people to sow grains. The land should be dry, moist and fertile. They could taste the taste of the grass and the sweetness and bitterness of the water springs, so that the people would know where to avoid them. At this time, seventy poisons were encountered in one day."
Jin Qianbao's "Sou Shen Ji" Volume 1: "Shen Nong used ocher whip to whip hundreds of herbs, knowing that it can calm the poison and warm the cold. Nature, smell (pronounced xiù, generally refers to various smells) is dominated by the smell, and it is used to spread hundreds of grains."
Jin Dynasty Huangfu Mi's "Emperor Century" said: "The Yan Emperor Shennong... tasted the grass and trees. "The medicine was used to cure diseases and save young people's lives."
"Historical Records of the Three Emperors" written by Sima Zhen of the Tang Dynasty said: "(Shen Nong or Emperor Yan) then made wax sacrifices and whipped grass and trees with ocher whips. Medicine can only be obtained by tasting hundreds of herbs."
Song Luo Mi's "Lu Shi Wai Ji" said: Emperor Yan Shennong "grinded the mirage and whipped it, checked the color and smell, tasted the grass and trees, and corrected its name."
Assess its poison, detect its dryness and coldness, observe its fear of evil, identify its ministers and agents, and identify them three ways to nourish their life and cure the disease. If you encounter seventy poisons in one day, you will be extremely angry. "
Song Dynasty Zheng Qiao's "Tongzhi" records: "There are unknown medicines and stones for people's diseases, but they taste the nourishment of plants and trees. By observing the nature of cold and heat, they know the meaning of the monarch, ministers and assistants. They all taste it orally and try it in one day. Occasionally encountered seventy poisons. Or it is said that when Shen Nong tasted hundreds of medicines, he died hundreds of times in one day and gained three hundred and sixty things, corresponding to the number of the heavens. Later generations passed it down as a book, called "Shen Nong's Materia Medica". He also wrote prescriptions to save the sick. "
"Supplementary Zi Zhi Gang Jian" written by Yuan Liao of the Qing Dynasty says: "To make wax sacrifices, use ocher whips to whip grass and trees. When the people had diseases and no medicinal stones were known, Emperor Yan first tasted the herbs and trees, observed their mild, cold and hot properties, and discerned the meaning of their rulers, ministers, and envoys. He often encountered twelve poisons a day, and the spirit transformed them, so he wrote prescriptions to cure the people's diseases. And the medical profession is established. ” 3. The author of the content of the high school entrance examination classical Chinese reading Shen Nong tasted hundreds of herbs is Liu Dan
In the past, Shen Nong tasted hundreds of herbs and was poisoned three times a day; Bian Que did not cure the six evils, Hua Tuo would rather die than Ah Man, Zhong Jing did not As a good minister, Shizhen did not fall in love with the imperial doctor, and the Hippocratic oath shocked the past and present.
However, the sages failed to defeat the evil government, and the oath turned out to be a joke. Commentators said: the reform of the medical administration of the country. , the success is less, the failure is more; there is a saying in medical administration: more success, less failure.
I said: it is neither of them. It is a big mistake to put it into medical treatment.
Medical treatment is a matter of heaven and earth, and it can only be used to nourish and protect those who have shortcomings. It is the duty of doctors to uphold justice.
In this way, the country cannot shirk its responsibilities, and the government must not shirk its responsibilities. It is the way of heaven to make a country rich by feeding it back to the people. The people are exempted from medical expenses, and the poor countries also protect their poor people. How can a poor country like Afghanistan and a poor country like India be governed so well? How can we let the evil of medical governance be allowed in our glorious country? 4. Asking for "Nuwa mended the sky, Hou Yi shot the sun, Shen Nong tasted the herbs
When Nuwa mended the sky in ancient times, the four poles were ruined, the nine states were split, the sky was not covered, the earth was not contained, and fire was rampant (lǎn ), the flames are not destroyed, the vast oceans are endless, ferocious beasts eat Zhuan's people, and birds of prey prey on the old and the weak.
So Nuwa made five-color stones to mend the sky, cut off her ao to stand on the four poles, and killed her. The black dragon is used to help Jizhou, and the reed ashes are accumulated to stop the disease. The sky is restored, and the four poles are upright; the water is dry, and Jizhou is peaceful; the cunning insects are dead, and the people of Zhuan are prosperous; facing Fangzhou, embracing the round sky.
When Hou Yi shot the sun and caught Yao, he went out in ten days to burn the crops and kill the grass and trees, but the people had nothing to eat. Yao ordered Yi to kill the nine infants in the wild waters of Chouhua, and to kill the nine infants in the ferocious waters. He shot them up for ten days in the Qingqiu swamps, and then went down to kill the cockroaches. , cut off the snakes in the Dongting, captured and sealed the mulberry trees, and all the people were happy. Yao was regarded as the emperor. Shen Nong tasted hundreds of herbs and the people were sick, but the medicine was unknown. , flat, and hot nature, distinguish its meaning as king, minister, assistant, and envoy. After one bite, it encountered seventy poisons, and the spirit transformed it, so it was written down to treat people's diseases, and the medical profession began. 5. Shenlong. Tasting Baicao Classical Chinese Articles
This is a book, not an article
Shennong is also known as "Shennong" ①The myths and legends about Shennong reflect the primitive era of China. From the stage of gathering, fishing and hunting to the stage of agricultural production, "Book of Changes" Chapter 8: "After the death of Bao Xi, the work of Shen Nong, the wood was turned into plough, and the benefits of ploughing were taught to the world." , to gain all the benefits. " ② The names of the ancient emperors were Emperor Yan and the Lieshan clan. The fourth volume of "Yishi" written by Ma Su of the Qing Dynasty quoted "Book of Zhou": "At the time of Shennong, the sky rained millet. Shen Nong then plowed and planted it, used it to cultivate the axes, and used it to cultivate the grass. Then the five grains will help, and the hundreds of fruits will hide their fruits. "Volume 1 of Jin Wangjia's "Collection of Relics": "In the time of Emperor Yan, there was a red sparrow carrying nine ears of grain. When it fell to the ground, the emperor picked it up and planted it in the prisoner. The eater would grow old but not die. "Historical Records: Supplementary Records of the Three Emperors" also says: "The surname of Shennong of Emperor Yan was Jiang. His mother was called Nudeng, and there was a daughter of the Wa family. This is Shaodian Ji." Inspired by the divine dragon, Emperor Yan was born. "The human body has the head of an ox." Because he was the king of fire and the official was famous for fire, he was called Emperor Yan. He began to teach the people to farm. ③ The ancestor of medicine. The myth of Shen Nong tasting hundreds of herbs has been passed down for a long time and has not faded to this day. "Historical Records: Supplementary Records of the Three Emperors" It is said: Shen Nong made wax sacrifices, whipped grass and trees with ocher whips, and tasted hundreds of herbs before medicine could be found.
"Huainanzi Xiuwu Xun" also says: Shennong tasted the taste of hundreds of herbs and encountered seventy poisons in one day. Volume 1 of "Sou Shen Ji" written by Qianbao of Jin Dynasty: "Shen Nong used ocher whip to whip hundreds of grasses, knowing that it has the property of calming poison, cold and warming, and is responsible for the odor, so it can be used to sow hundreds of grains." Volume 2 of "Shu Yi Ji": "Taiyuan In Shenfu Gang, there is a cauldron where Shen Nong tasted medicine. In Chengyang Mountain, there is a place where Shen Nong whipped medicine. "It is said in later generations that Shen Nong was an exquisite jade body. It can be seen that the lungs are good for the five internal organs, because they can resolve drug poisons. It is also said that Shennong died after tasting centipede and being unable to detoxify it. See Wang Zicheng's "Explanation of Doubts" in Chapter 18 of "Kaiyan Yi" written by Zhouyou of the Ming Dynasty. There is also Shen Nong who "made a harp with five strings, teaching people to make a market in the middle of the day, trade and retreat, and everyone will get what they want." and so on. ④The earth god. "Book of Rites·Yue Ling" Summer Month: "Don't give orders but wait to prevent Shen Nong from happening." Note: "The earth god calls Shen Nong because he is the master of crops." ⑤ Different names of herbs. Volume 39 of "Taiping Yulan" quotes "Shen Nong's Materia Medica": "There is a grass named Shennong in Changshan. It is placed on the door and screams at people every night."
Shennong Stream is in Wen County, Henan Province. Volume 31 of "Qian Que Lei Shu" written by Chen Renxi of the Ming Dynasty: "The Shennong Stream is in Wen County, Weihui Prefecture. Shennong collected herbs here and painted the ground with his staff, and the stream was created." Wu Yudou's poem in the Tang Dynasty said: "Kanshui is born from a painting , the ancient stream was brought to moisten Wencheng...it has been a long time since the immortal medicine was hidden on both sides of the strait, and one needs to have eyes to understand it." The area around Wenxian County belonged to Huaiqing Prefecture in ancient times. The rehmannia glutinosa, chrysanthemum, achyranthes bidentata and yam are rich in top-grade rehmannia glutinosa and are known as the "Four Great Huaiqing Medicines" in the world.
Red Emperor is the "Yan Emperor". "Huainanzi·Shi Zexun": "The extreme south extends from Bei Husun, through the country of Zhuanxu, to the wilderness of Weihuo Yanfeng in the south. The area under the jurisdiction of Red Emperor and Zhu Rong is twelve thousand miles away." This red cloth , that is, Emperor Yan, the son of Shaodian, named Shennong, the Fire Virtue of the South.
Shoveling grass and hoeing Legend has it that when Shen Nong was planting crops, he would knock stones on the ground while walking and shouting: "The grass dies and the seedlings grow." Later, people became lazy. When the weather is hot, stone pieces are hung on trees with ropes, and people sit under the trees, knocking and shouting. The grass is not dead either. There is no way, people use shovels to shovel the grass. The ground was dry and it took a lot of effort to shovel the grass. Some of them used so much force that their shovels were bent, and they turned them over and started to shovel hard. Since then there has been a hoe.
Shennong was the inventor of primitive agriculture in my country. He taught people to cultivate land and sow grains, which led to the transformation and development of primitive society from fishing, hunting and animal husbandry to agricultural economy in the later period of primitive society. "Emperor Yan", one of the Three Emperors who is famous for his virtue. "Shennong tasted hundreds of herbs and encountered seventy poisons every day" is a perfect portrayal of Shennong's great virtue.
In memory of him, a portrait was often hung in the old medicine shop. It was a man with thick eyebrows, big eyes, a pleasant smile, leaves around his waist, and herbs in his hand. He was "Shen Nong".