The origin and migration distribution of the surname Guo

The surname Guo ranked 144th in the Song version of "One Hundred Family Surnames". As of 2015, the contemporary population with the surname Guo reached more than 14.9 million, making it the 17th largest surname in China, accounting for approximately 1.15 of China's total population. The following is the origin and migration distribution of the surname Guo that I have compiled for you. I hope you like it!

1. According to legend, as early as in ancient times, Yu, the leader of the Xia Hou clan, In the era (about 21st century BC), the surname Guo already had the surname Kaiji. People with the surname Guo got their surname from a very ancient origin.

2. After Guo Zhi and Guo Ai of Xia Dynasty. Ancient books record that "Yu rode two dragons and Guo Zhizhi controlled him". ?In ancient times, there was the Marquis of Guo, and Yu in the Xia Dynasty had his charioteer Guo Ai. ?Guo Zhi and Guo Ai are the earliest people with the surname Guo recorded in Chinese history. Therefore, in the history of our country, Guo Zhi and Guo Ai, people of the Xia Dynasty who established the capital in Yangcheng (now Dengfengdong, Henan) and other places, are considered by later generations to be the ancestors of people with the surname Guo.

3. It comes from after Guo Chong of Shang Dynasty. According to the "Trinity Classic", there was Guo Chong in Shang Dynasty. It can be seen that the Shang Dynasty also had the surname Guo after the Xia Dynasty. Therefore, Guo Chong of the Shang Dynasty is also considered to be another ancestor of people with the surname Guo.

4. Coming from the surname Ji, the descendants of the Guo Kingdom in the Zhou Dynasty are the largest and most important branch of the surname Guo today. They take Guo as their surname, which originates from the surname Ji, and is mostly related to Henan and Shanxi. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, King Wu of Zhou Jifa granted Uncle Guo, the younger brother of King Wen Jichang, to Dongguo. Dongguo was located in the northeast of Xingyang City, Henan Province today. By the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Zhou royal family was in decline, Shen Hou colluded with the Dog Rong to cause rebellion, King You of Zhou was killed in Lishan, and the Zhou royal family was forced to move eastward. At that time, Duke Wu of Zheng and Marquis Wen of Jin assisted King Ping of Zhou in moving east to Luoyang. They made great contributions and won the respect of King Ping. At the same time, they moved the Zheng State from Shaanxi to Guo (i.e. Dongguo) and Hao in Henan. In order to establish the Zheng State, Zheng Wugong destroyed the Xi State in the second year of King Ping of Zhou (769 BC), and annexed Dongguo in the fourth year of King Ping (767 BC). From then on, the state of Zheng became increasingly powerful, causing dissatisfaction among the vassal states. The State of Chu took the opportunity to raise troops to question King Zhou Ping, and led Lu Hun's army (located in the northeast of Song County, Henan Province) to approach Luoyang. King Ping of Zhou was so frightened that he sealed Guo Xu, the descendant of Uncle Guo, in Yangqu (located in the north of today's Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province), and named him "Guo Gong". Because Guo and Guo have the same pronunciation, "Guo Gong" is also called "Guo Gong", so his descendants became the surname Guo.

5. The surname was based on fief. According to historical records, the ancestor of the surname Guo had the surname of fief?

6. To live in the Ming clan. In ancient China, some people who lived in cities, Guo, gardens and ponds had the surnames "Cheng", "Guo", "Yuan" and "Chi" respectively. Among them, people who lived in Guo (that is, outer city, the ancient word "Guo" means outer city) took their place of residence as their surname, forming the surname Guo.

Migration distribution of the Guo surname

The original birthplace of the Guo people was today’s Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi and other places. During the pre-Qin and Han dynasties, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Henan were still the main breeding places for the Guo people. Taiyuan County was formed during this period, and became the main source of the Guo people's reproduction and migration later. It gradually spread in Yangqu, Feng Yi, Huayang, Jingzhao (near today's Xi'an, Shaanxi Province), Zhongshan (now part of Hebei Province), Pengcheng (now Suxuzhou, Jiang Province), Guantao (now part of Hebei Province), Quwo (now part of Shanxi Province), Prominent families formed in Hanoi, Guangping, Handan, Hedong Wenxi, Dunhuang and other places; during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, with the large number of people migrating south to avoid the disaster of war, people with the Guo surname began to live in scattered places in Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other places, especially those who migrated south. There were many people with the surname Guo in Taiyuan; during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Guo was the most common surname in Shanxi and Shandong. During this period, in addition to wars that caused the surname Guo to settle in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hubei and other places, a prominent family in Fenyang (today's Jingle area of ??Shanxi Province) was formed with Guo Ziyi of Huayin as the ancestor. Song, a descendant of the Guo surname in Fenyang, entered Fujian and became the ancestor of the Guo surname in Fujian. From the Five Dynasties to the Song and Yuan Dynasties, as the Jin soldiers entered the Central Plains and the Mongolian army went south, they forced the people with the surname Guo to move south again. As a result, people with the surname Guo spread all over the country. From north to south; in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, a branch of the Guo family from Fujian moved to Taiwan, and later dispersed in Changhua, Chiayi, Kaohsiung and other counties, and later developed into one of the top ten surnames in Taiwan; some people also migrated to Europe, America and Southeast Asia. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people with the surname Guo spread throughout the country.

Today, the most common people with the Guo surname are Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Hubei, Sichuan and other provinces. The Guo surname in the above five provinces accounts for about 46% of the country's Han population with the Guo surname. The surname Guo is the 18th most common surname in China today. It has a large population, accounting for about 1.1% of the country's Han population.

Historical celebrities surnamed Guo

Guo Wei: A minister of the Yan State during the Warring States Period, he made suggestions and suggestions for King Yan Zhao to recruit talents and contributed to the rise of the Yan State.

Guo Ji: A native of Fufeng Maoling (now northeast of Xingping, Shaanxi Province) in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was the captain of Yuyang at first. During the reign of Wang Mang, he served as the prefect of Shanggu and became the official of Taizhong. Guo Xiang: A native of Luoyang, Henan, a famous metaphysician in the Western Jin Dynasty.

Guo Pu: A native of Wenxi, Hedong (now Wenxi, Shanxi Province), he was a writer and exegesis expert in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and he was erudite and talented. His representative work is "The Poems of Youxian" and he is the author of "Jiang Fu" and other works. He also annotated classics such as "Erya", "Biography of Emperor Mu", "Shan Hai Jing", "Chu Ci" and other classics, which were highly regarded by later commentators.

Guo Wei: A native of Yaoshan, Xingzhou (now Longyao, Hebei Province), the founder of the Later Zhou Dynasty during the Five Dynasties period. A series of reforms during his reign laid a good foundation for the establishment of the Zhao and Song Dynasties. The Holy God of Zhou Taizu, Gongsu Wenwuxiao Emperor, Guo Wei, who got rid of old habits, was born in 904 AD. He proclaimed himself emperor in 951 AD. He died of illness in 954 AD and reigned for four years. His reign names were: Guangshun and Xiande. Taizu was born in Xingzhou (now Xingtai, Hebei Province). Born into a family of bureaucratic landlords, his father Guo Jian served as governor and was killed during the war. Soon after, his mother also died. Guo Wei relied on his aunt Han for support and upbringing since he was a child. When he was 18 years old, he was recruited to be a soldier in the army. With his bravery and some military skills, he climbed up step by step. When Guo Wei ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor, he was nearly fifty years old. Thirty years of military life gave him rich social knowledge, and he often used the rise and fall of previous generations as a reference for governing the country.

Guo Wei carried out some reforms in response to the bad government of the previous dynasty. Penalties were reduced, some harsh taxes were abolished, part of the official land was distributed to tenants, and the southern suburbs of the state capital were stopped. These measures were to a certain extent to reduce the oppression and exploitation of the people. Guo Wei was indeed a better emperor in the Five Dynasties. He died in 954 at the age of 51.

Guo Xiang: Scholar and master of metaphysics in the Western Jin Dynasty, his "Annotations to Zhuangzi" had a great influence on later generations.

Guo Jia: Cao Cao’s counselor in Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. He was resourceful and good at fighting, and he made many achievements. He was especially famous for the battle of Guandu.

Guo Mian: A native of Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province today, he was a musician, qinist and founder of the Zhejiang School in the Southern Song Dynasty. He composed "Xiaoxiang Water Clouds", "Pan Cang Lang", "Fei Ming Yin" and other songs.

Guo Biao: A native of Zhongshan, Guangdong Province, a well-known overseas figure in modern history and a leader of overseas Chinese in Australia.

Guo Ziyi: a native of Zheng County, Huazhou (now Hua County, Shaanxi Province), a military strategist in the Tang Dynasty. He made outstanding contributions in quelling the Anshi Rebellion and safeguarding national unity.

Guo Zhongshu: a native of Luoyang (now part of Henan Province), a famous painter and philologist in the Song Dynasty. He is the author of three volumes of "Peijie" and "Han Slips".

Guo Ruoxu: A native of Taiyuan (now part of Shanxi Province) in the Song Dynasty, he is a famous calligraphy and painting critic. His "Pictures and Knowledge" embodies his opinions and opinions on painting.

Guo Shoujing: A native of Xingtai, Shunde (now Xingtai, Hebei Province), he was a famous writer, hydraulic scientist, astronomer and mathematician in the Yuan Dynasty. He presided over the compilation of the "Time Calendar", which has been in effect for 360 years, making it the longest calendar in the history of our country.

Guo Zixing: A native of Dingyuan (now part of Anhui Province) in the Yuan Dynasty, he was the leader of the Jianghuai region in the uprising army at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. He was later posthumously named King of Chuyang by Zhu Yuanzhang.

Guo Liangsheng: a native of Changning (now part of Hunan Province) in the Qing Dynasty. He studied Qihuang's medical skills since he was a child, and he has superb medical skills. He wrote the book "Douma Heart Sutra".

Guo Songtao: A native of Xiangyin, Hunan Province in the Qing Dynasty, he was China's first ambassador to Britain. He served as governor of Guangdong and minister of the Ministry of War.

Guo Moruo: A native of Leshan, Sichuan Province, an outstanding writer, poet, historian and archaeologist in modern history. He is the author of many works such as "Goddess" and "Research on Ancient Chinese Society".

Guo Yonghuai: A native of Rongcheng, Shandong Province, a famous aerodynamicist and the founder of my country's missiles and nuclear weapons.

Guo Huaruo: also known as Guo Junying, an older generation proletarian revolutionary and a famous military scientist. He was the former vice president of the Academy of Military Sciences and was awarded the rank of lieutenant general in 1955. He is a general who is a poet, scholar and calligrapher. He is recognized at home and abroad as an authority on Mao Zedong's military thought. Guo Huaruo's original education level was very low. He only went to school for 5 years and relied entirely on self-study. He was admitted to the Whampoa Military Academy and completed middle school mathematics, physics and chemistry. He has been studying Sun Tzu's Art of War and other ancient military books since 1938. After liberation, he compiled a large number of papers into a volume and became an expert in the study of military dialectics in our army.

Guo Xiaochuan: A native of Fengning, Hebei Province, a modern poet. He once served as secretary-general of the Chinese Writers Association and special correspondent of the People's Daily.

Robert Kuok: Native of Fuzhou, Fujian Province, born in Johor Bahru, Malaysian Chinese entrepreneur, known as the "Sugar King of Asia". He was once selected as one of the top ten richest people in Asia.