Source of works
From "Drunken Flower Shade, Thick Fog and Clouds, Sorrow Forever", it is the work of Li Qingzhao, a poetess in the Song Dynasty.
This word was written by the author after marriage. By describing the scene of drinking and enjoying chrysanthemums on the Double Ninth Festival, it sets off a desolate and lonely atmosphere and expresses the loneliness of the author who misses her husband. On the film, chant festival, write don't worry; The next movie is about appreciating chrysanthemums. In the description of natural scenery, the author adds his own strong emotional color, which makes the objective environment blend with the inner feelings of the characters. Especially in the last three sentences, yellow flowers are used to compare people's haggard, and thinness is used to imply the depth of lovesickness, which is implicit and deep, incoherent and endless in meaning. It has been widely read.
original work
Fog filled the clouds, and the days were spent in sorrow. Kapoor was among the birds in the incense burner. Double Ninth Festival, lying in bed, in the middle of the night, the cold on my body has just been soaked.
Dongli drinks until dusk, and faint chrysanthemum fragrance overflows his sleeves. Mo Tao doesn't forget me, the curtain rolls west wind, and people are thinner than yellow flowers.
Sentence annotation
⑴ Drunken Flower Songs: The epigraph name, also known as Nine Days, is a two-tone poem with one rhyme, 52 words, five sentences and three rhymes.
⑵ Cloud: one is "graupel" and the other is "yin". Worried about an eternal day: I feel that a day is too long. A day forever, a long day.
⑶ Ruinao: a fragrant name. Also known as borneol and borneol. Golden Beast: The spices in the incense burner are gradually burned out. Elimination, one is "pin" and the other is "spray". Golden beast, animal-shaped copper incense burner.
(4) Double Ninth Festival: The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the Double Ninth Festival. The Book of Changes takes "nine" as the positive number, and both the sun and the moon are considered to be positive numbers. They are important to each other, hence the name. This is an ancient festival. In the Southern Dynasties, Liang Yu Jianwu's poem "Nine Days Banquet and Garden Visit" said: "The new moon winds around and presents the birthday Double Ninth Festival."
5] yarn kitchen: that is, the yarn curtain against mosquitoes and flies. Song Zhou Bangyan's "Huanxisha": "The gauze kitchen looks empty, and the reeds are like hibiscus." The kitchen is a window.
[6] Cool: One is "autumn".
(7) Dongli: generally refers to the place where chrysanthemums are picked. Tao Yuanming drinking in the Eastern Jin Dynasty: "Picking chrysanthemums under the hedge, you can see Nanshan leisurely." It is a famous sentence in ancient and modern times, so "Dongli" has also become a common chrysanthemum allusion for poets.
⑻ Dimfragrance: This refers to the fragrance of chrysanthemum. Full sleeve: Full sleeve. "Nineteen Ancient Poems with Strange Trees in the Courtyard": "Climb the fence to fold its glory and keep your thoughts. The incense is full of sleeves, and the road is long and its Xiu Yuan is awkward. " Its meaning is used here.
(9) ecstasy: describes extreme sadness and sadness. Jiang Yan's house in the Southern Dynasties said, "Ecstasy, just don't." Elimination, a "elimination".
⑽ The curtain rolls in the west wind: the autumn wind blows the curtain. West wind, autumn wind.
⑾ ratio: one is "like". Yellow flower: refers to chrysanthemum. "Book of Rites and Moon Order": "There are yellow flowers on the bow". Bow, this chrysanthemum. Wang Tangji's "September 9th": "When you suddenly see a yellow flower vomit, you will know that it is a festival."
Translation of works
The mist is diffuse, the clouds are dense, the days are dull, and the borneol in the golden beast incense burner is dazzling. It's the Double Ninth Festival again, and I'm lying in a jade pillow bedstead. The chill in the middle of the night has just soaked my whole body.
I drank until dusk in Dongli, and the fragrance of Huang Ju overflowed my sleeve. Don't say clear autumn doesn't hurt people. The west wind rolls a bead curtain, and the people in the curtain are thinner than the yellow flowers.
Creation background
This word was written by Li Qingzhao in his early years. Li Qingzhao, who was in JianJian Jingnian (11) and 18 years old, married her former student Zhao Mingcheng. Shortly after marriage, her husband "traveled far away" and she was very lonely. She deeply misses her husband who has traveled far away. In the second year of worshipping Ning (1 103), after the ninth festival, people's yearning for their loved ones was unprecedented, so they wrote this poem and gave it to Zhao Mingcheng.
works appreciation
This word was written by the author after marriage, expressing the feelings of missing her husband on the Double Ninth Festival. Legend has it that after Qingzhao gave this word to Zhao Mingcheng, it provoked Ming's sincerity to live up to expectations, so he didn't see it for three nights and wrote a few words, but he didn't beat Qingzhao's first poem "Drunken Flowers".
Fog clouds will make you sad forever. From morning till night, the sky is a "fog cloud". This gloomy weather is the most depressing. The weather outside is bad, so we have to stay indoors. Forever daytime is generally used to describe summer daytime. This word was written on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. It's autumn now, and the days are getting shorter and shorter. Just a poet's psychological feeling. Time has relative significance to happy and sad mental states respectively. In joy, time passes quickly, but in sadness, I feel that the pace of time is so slow. If a person is particularly sensitive to "mist and thick clouds" and is afraid that the day will never end, then her mood will definitely be uncomfortable. Shortly after their marriage, Li Qingzhao separated from her beloved husband Zhao Mingcheng. At this time, she lives alone, so it is no wonder that she feels more and more pain. Although there is no direct expression of sadness here, we can still see the inner anguish of the poetess through this gray "mist and thick clouds". The sentence "Keeping the brain and eliminating the golden beast" is a paraphrase of the indoor scene: she is really bored when she looks at the cigarettes in the incense burner alone. It's the Double Ninth Festival again, and the weather suddenly turns cold. I slept until midnight, and the coolness reflected on my pillow. Compared with the warmth of the boudoir when the couple are reunited, it is really a world of difference. In the last film, there are only a few sentences describing a young woman's anxiety in the boudoir. She went outside, and the weather was terrible; Staying indoors is boring; It is difficult during the day, and it is even more difficult at night; I can't sit still and sleep well. It's really hard to rest. The phrase "Double Ninth Festival" has a profound meaning. The ancients attached great importance to the Double Ninth Festival. On this day, friends and relatives get together to climb mountains, enjoy dogwood and drink chrysanthemum wine. After Li Qingzhao wrote down the loneliness of "nourishing the brain and eliminating the golden beast", it was followed by a sentence of "Double Ninth Festival", which obviously suggested that when the festival was beautiful, her husband was not around and "there was a lack of one person everywhere", so she could not help but call her "I miss my relatives twice during the festival". The word "you" in Double Ninth Festival has a strong emotional color, which prominently expresses her sadness. Followed by two sentences: "Jade pillow gauze kitchen, it's cold in the middle of the night." How do you feel when your husband is not at home, sleeping alone on the jade pillow and sleeping alone on the bedstead? "It's cool in the middle of the night" is not only that the season turns cold, but it has a bleak taste.
The next movie is about chrysanthemum viewing and drinking on the Double Ninth Festival. Watching chrysanthemums with wine was originally a major program of the Double Ninth Festival. Probably for the occasion, Li Qingzhao sat in the house all day, and it was not until the evening that she forced herself to "drink in Dongli". However, this did not alleviate the sadness, but set off a bigger emotional wave in her heart. Chongyang is the Chrysanthemum Festival, and chrysanthemums bloom beautifully. While drinking, she enjoyed the chrysanthemums and dyed them with flowers. However, she can't help feeling hurt. No matter how beautiful and fragrant chrysanthemums are, they can't be given to relatives in different places. In Nineteen Ancient Poems, the phrase "There are sleeves that smell fragrant" has been translated into "The fragrance is full of sleeves, and the road is long and Xiu Yuan is Xi". "Dimfragrance" usually refers to plum blossoms. "The shadows are shallow, and the fragrance floats on the moon at dusk" is a famous sentence of Lin Bu Yongmei, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. "Dimfragrance" here refers to chrysanthemums. Chrysanthemum blooms in Ao Shuang after frost, and its weather vane is similar to plum blossom, implying the poet's noble mind and elegant taste. At the same time, it also reveals the deep regret that "the incense is full of sleeves, and the road is long and its Xiu Yuan is Xi". This is a secret story about her yearning for her husband. She couldn't help it, and she didn't want to drink and enjoy the chrysanthemums, so she hurried back to the boudoir. "Don't forget the soul" means that the wind is getting late, and the west wind blows up the curtains, which makes people feel a chill. Reminiscent of the chrysanthemum that just put wine on the opposite side, the petals of chrysanthemum are slender and the branches of chrysanthemum are thin. While fighting against the wind in Ao Shuang, people feel sad, sad and helpless. People are not as good as chrysanthemums at this time. Taking "people are thinner than yellow flowers" as the conclusion, there are many examples and rich connotations.
"Dimfragrance" usually refers to plum blossoms. "The shadows are shallow, and the fragrance floats on the moon at dusk" is a famous sentence of Lin Bu Yongmei, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. "Dimfragrance" here refers to chrysanthemums. Chrysanthemum blooms in Ao Shuang after frost, and its weather vane is similar to plum blossom, implying the poet's noble mind and elegant taste. At the same time, it also reveals the deep regret that "the incense is full of sleeves, and the road is long and its Xiu Yuan is Xi".
From the weather to the golden beast, from the jade pillow gauze kitchen to the chrysanthemum outside the curtain, the poet treats all this with her sad mood, and all of them are painted with a layer of sad feelings.
Flowers and trees are thinner than people, and there are many similar sentences in poems. This is because it is these three sentences, "Immortality, curtain rolling west wind, people are thinner than yellow flowers", which created the lonely realm of late autumn. "Mo Tao is immortal" is a metaphor of "Dongli 89" and "people imitate yellow flowers", which is combined with the overall image of the whole poem. The sentence "curtain rolls west wind" directly exaggerates the environmental atmosphere for the sentence "people are thinner than yellow flowers", which makes people imagine a picture: the beautiful women in the Double Ninth Festival are alone in the fine chrysanthemums in the west wind. With the contrast of seasons and environmental atmosphere, "people are thinner than yellow flowers" has a deeper sustenance, and this sentence can also become a beautiful sentence that has been passed down through the ages.
Famous comments
In the Song Dynasty, the first episode of Hu Zai's Tiaoxi Fishing in Conghua was Volume 60: The word "Nine Days" said that "the curtain rolls west wind and people are as thin as yellow flowers." This language is also difficult for women.
Yuan Yi Shizhen's "Heaven's Library" quoted Biography: Yi 'an wrote a letter to Ming Cheng with "Chongyang Drunken Flower Yin". I really admire you, and I'm ashamed. I want to win. Those who thank their guests without eating or sleeping for three days and nights will get 50 yuan, which can easily be taken as a token of their friend Lu Defu. Dev played it over and over again and said, "Only three sentences are excellent." Be honest and sincere. He said, "Don't be ecstatic, people are as thin as yellow flowers." It is easy to be safe.
In the Ming Dynasty, Yang Shen approved the book "Poems of Caotang", Volume I: (The last two sentences) Sad words, resentment without anger.
Mao Ying's Ci De in the Ming Dynasty, Volume II: However, I don't know the beauty of knowing the postscript, which is that "I don't forget myself".
Qing Wanshu's "Rhyme Volume 7: Drunken Flowers" is the song that Shen Shi praised, and the end is tightly circled and double circles are added. Oh! This has no purpose! Publishing House: A poem by Mao Zemin is used to annotate the word "Ci Pu": the fourth word is ambiguous, such as Yang Wuqi's poem "Throw people flying, muddy and unclear". In Li Qingzhao's ci, the word "Dongli puts wine after dusk", the word "Xu" and the word "wine" all rhyme, which is the so-called "short rhyme hidden in the sentence" in the secret of Yuefu. However, few people who wrote such poems in the Song Dynasty followed suit. The word "wine" should be marked with leaves.
In the Qing Dynasty, Zhou's "Late Xiangge Ci Lu" Volume 7: Foolish Press, Yi 'an's "Drunken Flowers" is actually a common language.
Xu Baoshan's Zi Yi Xuan Ci Pu in Qing Dynasty Volume II: Quiet and sad, with both sound and emotion.
Xu Angxiao commented on the couple in Qing Dynasty: The conclusion sentence is also divorced from "people and young people are thin", but the meaning is more ingenious.
Debate on Tan Ying's ancient and modern Ci in Qing Dynasty: green, fat, red, thin and charming, people are more pitiful than yellow flowers. If you talk about the position in the poem, Yi An lay Li Man violet.
Preface to Wang Kaiyun's Selected Poems of Xiangqilou in Qing Dynasty: This remark was unintentional, unless it was about a woman. The word "bi" is "similar" in every book, and it can't be wrong to quote from books.
Qing Dynasty (Chen Tingzhuo) "Shao Yunji" Volume 10: Elegant without words, affectionate and bitter, Yuan people often write poems and songs.
Wang Li Qingzhao's Notes Volume 1: According to Zhao Mingcheng's hi-gold stone carvings, I have devoted my life to this, not for the name of the word. I didn't know that the book Biography quoted in Library of Heaven was almost a fabrication. As the saying goes, "I am sincere and fearful, and I am determined to win." This can't be true.
Xia's appreciation of Tang and Song Ci: In poetry, as an epigram, it is generally not easy to take it out. The sentence "people are thinner than yellow flowers" can leave a deep impression on people because it uses metaphors to describe vivid characters and the sentences are arranged properly, which is also one of the reasons. Before this sentence, she first used the phrase "don't die" to lower her voice, and then added a dynamic sentence "the window curtain rolls west wind". Then she took out the epigram that "people are thinner than yellow flowers". The characters didn't appear until the end. This epigram is not isolated, the three sentences are linked together, and the first two sentences revolve around the last sentence, playing the role of green leaves and red flowers. After careful arrangement by the author, it looks like a close-up in a movie, which is very vivid. There is a word "thin" at the end of this word, which comes down to the affection of the whole word. All kinds of scenery descriptions above are to express this spirit, so it can really be called "the eye of the word". In terms of refining characters, Li Qingzhao has another phrase "green and fat, red and thin" in Dream, which is widely read. Here, she said that "people are thinner than yellow flowers", which has never been said before, has its outstanding creativity.
Wu Shi in Tang and Song Dynasties: Li Qingzhao despised Liu Yong's Under the Dust of Ci, which (under the sentence of "Mo Dao") refers to Liu Ci's "clothes are getting wider and wider, and people are gaunt for Iraq", expressing deep yearning. But when I expressed it, I chose the simple and simple chrysanthemum, which is not only the scene of the Double Ninth Festival, but also a symbol of elegant mood. Compared with itself, it is gentle and implicit, without superficial suspicion, which can better reflect the author's different high level and charm.
Liu Naichang: The whole word is to use refined natural language to write a real picture of daily life after artistic processing, thus expressing a person's inner feelings.
Tang Guizhang's A Brief Interpretation of Tang and Song Ci: This poem is affectionate and bitter, and it is appreciated in ancient and modern times. One is a boring scene, and the other is moved by the Double Ninth Festival. Change your head and throw the wine into the night. Finally, because of the thinness of flowers, I touched my thinness, so sad. What is particularly wonderful is the word "Mo Dao", and the sentence "How much leisure do you know?"
Yu Shucheng's Hundred Poems of the Tang and Song Dynasties: At the end, "Mo Tao is not charming, the curtain rolls west, and people are thinner than yellow flowers." At first glance, "the curtain rolls west wind" is dispensable, and the lack of this pen does not seem to hinder poetry. That's not true. The four figures have two images of "curtain roll" and "west wind". "West Wind" strengthens the emotional atmosphere of words with its bleak side, and "rolling curtain" constitutes the connection between indoor and outdoor. Without the "roller blind", "people are thinner than yellow flowers" has become a simple metaphor. With this pen, it shows that when the window curtain rolls west wind, the poet sees the yellow flowers outside the curtain, and because of the sense of things, he generates a voice that expresses "people are thinner than yellow flowers" It is true and natural, not a metaphor of forced pulling when writing words. In addition, the two sentences before and after the word are all about people, and the sentence of "curtain rolling west wind" is inserted in the middle to write the scenery, which also appears to be ups and downs, in line with the poet's emotional rhythm.
Brief introduction of the author
Li Qingzhao was a poetess in Song Dynasty. No. Yi 'an Jushi was born in Zhangqiu, qi zhou (present-day Shandong). In his early years, he lived comfortably and devoted himself to the collection and arrangement of calligraphy and painting stones with her husband Zhao Mingcheng. The nomads from the army entered the Central Plains and lived in the south. Ming Cheng died of illness and was in a lonely situation. In his lyrics, he wrote about his leisure life in the early stage, lamented his life experience in the later stage, and felt sentimental, which also revealed his nostalgia for the Central Plains. In form, it makes good use of line drawing, forms its own school and has beautiful language. On the theory of ci, it emphasizes harmony, advocates elegance and emotion, puts forward the theory that ci is different from one family, and opposes writing ci by poetry. He can also write poems, but there are not many left. Some of his chapters are old and generous, which is different from his style of ci. There are Yi 'an Jushi Collection and Yi 'an Ci, which have been lost. Later generations have a collection of Yu Shu's ci. This episode includes Li Qingzhao's Annotation Collection.