1. Taste images, understand artistic conception and experience emotions.
2. Understand the common images, thoughts and feelings of homesick poems.
3. Train the ability to grasp emotions through images.
Teaching focus
The layering of scenery description and the general method of poetry appreciation.
Teaching difficulties
Taste images, understand artistic conception and experience emotions.
teaching method
Read, feel and discuss.
Class arrangement
One class hour
First, import
In the boundless sky and China's classical poetry, the poetry of exile is a dazzling constellation. ? Bad luck has frosted my temples, and heartache and fatigue are a thick layer of dust in my wine? Sad sorrow? The jade steps stand empty, and the birds fly back? Homesick worries? Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City, midnight bell to the passenger ship? The sadness of wandering? If you know where your brothers are crawling, you are missing one person. The sadness of missing family members, these sad farewell songs, even after thousands of years of rain, snow and wind, still reverberate in our ears.
Today, let's learn a poem "Journey to the Good" by a famous poet Wen, who came out from the brilliant afterglow of the late Tang Dynasty, so as to understand the images, thoughts and feelings of homesick poems.
Two. Brief introduction of the author
1, see the comments
2. Supplementary introduction
Among the poets in the late Tang Dynasty, Li Shangyin and Li Shangyin are equally famous. Wenli? . In the late Tang dynasty, Wen wrote the most words, which occupied a certain position and was known as? Flower pie? Sponsor.
(1) talented. Wen has a nickname? Wen Yagong? . According to legend, he is witty and writes quickly. During the exam, I wrote 16 eight-rhyme poems, with official rhyme as the fu, and crossed them eight times in my hand. In ancient times, there was Cao Zhi with quick thinking, but no one was as fluent as him.
(2) misfortune. Although brilliant, he is ugly and an unfortunate poet, and he belongs to the candidate who has been defeated repeatedly. From forty to fifty-six, he has been unable to take the Jinshi exam. I really don't know if God is fair or unfair.
(3) Reasons for failure. First, he was involved in the political struggle; Secondly, he has a bad reputation. He is usually untidy, casually hangs out with geisha, or gets drunk with dude, and then improvises and sings with the help of alcohol. He is very talented in music. He can play holes and strings, and he can play wonderful music without any good piano or flute. In the folk, he is really a celebrity, equivalent to now? Superman? ; Third, he is too arrogant, a madman, a little arrogant, and has offended many powerful people. He looks down on others and others don't like him. The fourth is cheating in the exam. He helped others answer questions in the exam, helped others cheat, and forced others to ask for remuneration. Besides, he made a scene in the examination room. This bad behavior caused some public anger and became a huge obstacle to his exam.
In a word, he is a poor and frustrated scholar.
Third, the writing background
The poet was originally from Qi people in Taiyuan, but because he has settled in the southern suburbs of Chang 'an, he called the southern suburbs of Chang 'an his hometown in some poems. In the last few years of Tang Xuanzong's life, he left Chang 'an for an official trip. Do you remember when he trudged in the mountains around Shangluo? Hometown? ; What do you do when you live in Maodian at night? Du Mengling? .
Fourth, appreciate poetry.
(A), students read aloud to understand poetry
When I get up early in the morning to travel, the bells on the carriage keep ringing, and people who go out feel sad when they miss their hometown. The cock crows at dawn, and the broken moon is in the sky. Outside the thatched shop, there are people on the Banqiao in first frost. The leaves of mistletoe have fallen and covered the mountain road; In the moonlight, the bitter citrus reticulata on the wall of the post station is blooming brightly. Then, I remembered the scenery of my hometown. Last night, I dreamed that Fu and Yan were having fun in the winding pond.
(2) Reading aloud, thinking: 1, in the topic? Leave early? How is it reflected in poetry?
Direct performance: Starting in the morning (getting up in the morning, the bells of cars and horses jingle, and the activities of passengers riding and driving have been hinted. )
Indirect performance: Maodian crows on the moon (stay indoors while it's early, and the crow will see the sky early)
Banqiao Frost (Mo Daojun left early, but there were more early pedestrians), and the wall of Ming Yi (bright versus dark, explain? Good morning. )
2. What season does this poem describe?
The leaves of mistletoe wither in autumn, but not in winter, and then fall one after another when the spring branches sprout in the next year, and bitter orange blossoms bloom in spring, indicating that it is spring.
(3) Reading aloud to perceive the poet's thoughts and feelings as a whole.
Qing: Sad hometown? Homesickness.
1, what is the author sad about? Sad? Replace with? Think? Okay, why?
He was born at the wrong time, his career was ill-fated, his future was uncertain, and he was sad because he missed his hometown. So what? Sad? Words express feelings beyond? Think? .
2、? Sad hometown? What is the role in the whole poem?
? Sad? Set the tone for the whole poem. Sad? Hometown pointed out the theme.
(4) This poem has created two different pictures, one in a foreign land and the other in my hometown. Find the corresponding poem.
1, depicting the contents of two pictures.
A thatched shop is bathed in the afterglow of Xiao Yue, and the wooden bridge is covered with the frost of early spring, which has already printed the messy footprints of pedestrians. Dead leaves are all over the mountain path, and the wall of the post station is white. Only the cock crows at dawn, but it doesn't bring any life to this gloomy and cold world.
Spring has come, and flocks of geese in my hometown of Ling Du are playing happily in the winding and warm pond.
2. Summarize the artistic conception of the two pictures:
Sadness and cold; Warm and beautiful.
3. What is the connection between these two different pictures?
Although the artistic conception of these two paintings is different, the poets feel the same. There are many ways of expression, one is to write funeral scenes, the other is to compare funeral scenes with music scenes, one is real, the other is virtual, and the combination of reality and reality.
4. Examples of the combination of reality and fiction in poetry research.
The cicadas in autumn are so sad and urgent, facing the pavilion, it is in the evening and a sudden rain has just stopped. All the accounts are not in the mood, and I miss places. Lanzhou urges me to send them. Holding hands and looking at each other, tears swirled in my eyes until there were no words at last, and a thousand words stuck in my throat and I couldn't say it. I miss it, it's thousands of miles away, the twilight is heavy and the sky is vast.
Affectionate since ancient times, parting hurts the body, more comparable to the cold autumn festival! Who knows where I am when I am awake tonight? Yang Liuan, Xiao Feng and the waning moon. This is a long time, people who love each other are not together, and I even expect to be satisfied with the good weather and scenery in name only. There are many kinds of customs, who are you talking to? (Liu Yong's "Yulinling")
(4) Appreciate the famous sentence: the cock crows in Maodian, and the bridge frost is rejected by people.
The second couplet has always been very popular. Besides antithesis, what are the characteristics of its composition form? Which poems and sentences are similar to those we have learned?
1, change this couplet to? The crow's nest reflects the waning moon, and the footbridge is slightly frosted? Okay, why?
This poem can be broken down into ten nouns representing ten kinds of scenery: chicken, sound, hair, shop, moon, people, trace, board, bridge and frost. Poetry is composed of nouns instead of verbs and adjectives, and the relationship between nouns is not marked, which makes the relationship jump, mobilizes readers' thinking, allows readers to combine freely, obtains broad imagination and understanding space, and forms a fuller picture. This is classical poetry? Image overlay? Law.
2. Example of image superposition:
1) Old vines are faint crows, small bridges are flowing, and old roads are thin horses. (Ma Zhiyuan's "Tianjingsha Qiu Si")
2) sailing in the snow at night, the iron horse is in the autumn wind. (Lu You's book Anger)
The breeze rippled on the grass bank, through the night, and blew to my motionless tall mast. (Du Fu's Night Tour)
4) Peach and plum spring breeze, a glass of wine, ten years of night rain. (Huang Tingjian's "Send Yellow Several Times")
Mei, a famous poet in Song Dynasty, highly praised "Think twice", saying that it is the best poem. It's hard to write, and there are endless opinions? . Can you feel it? Difficult to write? And then what? Endless meaning? Really?
The weather is cool in the morning and the road is difficult to walk; Wandering worries of wanderers.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) abstract
This poem selects some typical meaningful images, and from beginning to end, it uses the methods of image superposition, mutual contrast, virtual reality, scene blending and echo to show the author's loneliness in the journey, longing for his hometown and lonely feeling of frustrated career.
Sixth, extracurricular expansion.
Travel poems usually show the hardships of living in different places, wandering, missing relatives in hometown, and expecting and yearning for a stable and happy life. These feelings are the eternal connection of human beings, and they are easy to cause * * * *, so most of the poems on the trip are easy to understand and conform to the "exam instructions"? Can read simple ancient poems. Therefore, it is favored by the proponent.
Understand the common characteristics of poetry in the journey.
1. Images: Post Road, Tudor, Horse, Boat (Ship), Rhododendron, Hongyan, Moon, Guest, Duckweed, Erigeron, etc.
2. Emotion: hard journey, wandering, long journey home, loneliness, homesickness, lack of talent, resentment and indignation.
3. Homesickness: frequent wars, leaving home; The mountains are long and the waters are wide, and it is difficult to return to my hometown; For a long time, there is no return period; I can't help myself when I travel abroad.
4. Common techniques: borrowing scenery to express emotion, combining reality with reality, rendering and contrast, two special expression techniques:
(1) The music scene reflects sadness. 2 profile (imagination). Don't say that you are sad, but that your family misses you.
Seven, classroom exercises
Read the following poem and then answer this question.
Bai Juyi is homesick from winter to day in Handan.
Every winter solstice, I am accompanied by the shadow in front of the knee lamp.
If you want to sit at home late at night, you should also talk about travelers.
[Note] Winter solstice: one of the 24 solar terms, is an important festival in the Tang Dynasty.
(1), how did the author write it? Homesick? what's up
The author mainly uses an imaginary picture, that is, in the middle of the winter, his family is still sitting around the lamp and talking about themselves as a long-distance traveler to show this point? Homesick? . The author writes from the side, not that he is homesick, but that his family misses himself, which highlights himself? Homesick? Love.
Read the following poem and then answer this question.
Listen to the flute on the plug (high fitness)
The snow goes to the horse, and the strong flute keeps the building on the moon.
Excuse me, where did the plum blossom fall? The wind blew all over the mountain overnight.
(1), what is the scenery like? Virtual scene? And then what? Real scene? Please specify which virtual scenes and real scenes are written in this poem.
(2) What thoughts and feelings does the poem show?
Answer (1) Real scenes: Snow White, Wrapped Horse, Bright Moon, Qiangdi, Garrison Building; Virtual scene: plum blossom and Guanshan.
(2) This poem writes that soldiers listen to songs and think of plum blossoms in their hometown and the autumn of plum blossoms, which shows their deep homesickness.
The second teaching design of "going on a good morning tour" Author and background introduction.
1. Author:
Wen Tingyun or Left? Ting Yun? Ting Yun? , the real name is Qi, the word Fei Qing, line 16, Taiyuan Qi people. Ugly, what's his name? Wen Zhong Kui? . Quick-witted, poetic and rhythmic. What's the time? Wen Yagong? Wenbayin? . He is bohemian, arrogant, cynical and powerful, and is hated by the rulers. Poetry is as famous as Li Shangyin. Wenli? ; There are also Li Shangyin and Duan, who are famous for their beautiful parallel prose, both ranked 16. What's the time? 36 bodies? ; The words are vague, but they are written with melancholy feelings, right? Flower school? The founder of.
2. Writing background:
Wen was originally from Qixian County, Taiyuan, but because his home is in the southern suburbs of Chang 'an, he often takes the southern suburbs of Chang 'an as his hometown in his poems. In the last few years of Tang Xuanzong's life, he left Chang 'an for an official trip. When he trudged in the mountains around Shangluo, did he still remember the scenery of Jiangnan? Hometown? .
Step 2 read poetry aloud
1. Athena Chu:
Cornus officinalis and bitter orange
2. Read the whole poem in combination with its title, annotations and background knowledge.
3. List the structure diagram:
Homesickness in the morning? Morning travel pictures? Road view? I dreamed last night.
begin
Three. Guidance and appreciation
I began to recruit priests in the morning and felt sorry for my hometown.
Please imagine in your own language? Morning scene? .
The first performance? Leave early? Typical scenes are very common. When I got up in the morning, the hotel was jingling inside and outside, and the bells of horses and chariots had already rung. Many activities, such as riding and driving, have been suggested.
2.？ Do you feel sorry for your hometown? Are you online? Sad? The function of words. ? Sad hometown? Function in the whole poem.
? Sad? These words set the emotional tone of the whole poem. ? Sad hometown? Point out the topic.
When a chicken crows at the Maodian Moon, people walk on the Banqiao Frost.
1. Analyze the structure of two sentences:
? Chicken sound? Maodian? Month? Have you traveled? Banqiao? Frost. Among them? Chicken sound? Maodian? Have you traveled? Banqiao? These four words are nouns with partial structures. Month? And then what? It is also a noun. Two sentences * * * describe six typical landscapes, and there is not a word in the middle except nouns such as verbs or adjectives.
2. Add a similar poem:
? West Wind and Jiuqi City, Drizzle and Autumn of Chrysanthemum Day Ouyang Xiu
? Birds are singing in the rain in Meidian, and OuYangXiu in Yebanqiao Chun's Crossing Zhang to the Secret School Village.
? It snows on the balcony at night, and the iron horse is scattered in the autumn wind.
? Dead vines and old trees faint crows, small bridges and flowing water, old roads and thin horses, "Clear sand?" Qiu Si, Ma Zhiyuan.
Summary:
A.？ You don't have to spare a word or two, just mention the word Li Dongyang.
B.？ A difficult scene is in front of us, and Mei also has different opinions.
C. The sound is sonorous (referring to the beauty of music) and the image is sufficient (vivid and rich in connotation).
3. Image appreciation:
A. How to combine six images smoothly in modern Chinese?
When traveling outside, you should go to bed early and often get up early in the morning to catch up on sleep. As the saying goes? Stay early, and the crow will see the light of day? . When the poet heard the cock crow, he got up and looked up at the sky, only to see a waning moon hanging obliquely over Maodian. The slab bridge was covered with a thick layer of frost, and people who left early left footprints on it.
B. explain the characteristics of artistic conception:
Sad and sad.
C. the implication:
The hardships of the road are worrying and beyond words.
Mistletoe leaves fall on the mountain road, and orange flowers are on the wall of the post.
1. Can you see the season of early death from the poem?
The leaves of oak trees are very big, but even if they are dry in winter, they remain on the branches and will not fall off until the branches germinate in the early spring of the next year. At this time, the white flowers of Fructus Aurantii have already opened. So it should be written in early spring. He has it in "Send Li Shifu to Luonan"? Mistletoe leaves are lost, bitter orange blossoms are full of spring? Can prove it.
2. appreciation? Ming? Words. Why can bitter oranges shine on the wall of the post office?
Because it's still early and the waning moon is unknown, the bitter orange blossom can illuminate the back wall. The scenery on the road is still written after deducting the previous trip.
Because they remembered Ling Du's dream, the geese returned home full of food.
1.？ Goose returns to the pond? What are the characteristics of writing about hometown scenery in early spring?
Beautiful, warm and full of vitality. ? Spring river plumbing duck prophet? Can prove it. In addition, geese are homesick images, travelers and dreaming geese are dreams, both of which make sense.
Last night's dream should have been written before. Why did it flip?
First, write about the pain of going out early, then write about the beauty and warmth of my hometown in the early spring in my dream, and write through my homesickness by comparing the beauty and warmth of my hometown with the desolation and desolation. If you write first, you will put the cart before the horse emotionally, and the effect is not good.
This is an imaginary writing, which conveys the beauty and homesickness of hometown with imaginary scenes.
4. Blackboard design
See Teaching Step 2 (omitted here).