Question 1: How many races are there in the world? Race is the abbreviation of the world’s human race. It refers to the species of humans that have formed historically in a certain area and have certain physical similarities. People with genetic traits (including skin color, eye color, hair color and hairstyle, height, face shape, head shape, nose type, blood type, genetic diseases, etc.). The concept of race was first proposed by French naturalist Bernier in 1684.
The earliest human race classification is the mural on the tomb of Siti I in the 18th Dynasty of ancient Egypt more than 3,000 years ago. It distinguishes humans by different colors and divides humans into four types: First , the Egyptians are painted red; second, the Asians are painted yellow; third, the southern Negroes are painted black; fourth, the Westerners and northerners are painted white. It became the basis for today's classification of human beings into white, yellow, black and brown people. In the classification made in 1758, Linnaeus, an outstanding Swedish scientist, divided the world's human races into: savage species - Philas, monster species - Monstrous, and sane species - Sebiens; and then according to The number of continents known at that time further divided the sane race into four major races: European whites, Asian yellows, African blacks and American reds.
The famous French scholar Cuvier advocated dividing the race into three major races, and named them after the three sons of Noah in the "Old Testament": Semitic race, Hamite race, and Japhetic race. race. This kind of classification of races based on culture and religion is difficult for people to accept.
Blumenmacher, a professor at the University of G?ttingen in Germany, who is known as the "originator of Western anthropology" and the "father of mankind", was the first to use scientific methods to classify people. Color, hairstyle, eye color, height, head shape and other physical characteristics, as well as the original residence area, classify living humans into five major races:
①Caucasian race (white race). The skin is white, the hair is chestnut, the head is almost spherical, the face is oval and vertical, and the nose is narrow and narrow. The mouth belongs to the residents of Europe, West Asia and North Africa, except for Finns, Laplanders, etc.
②Mongoloid race (yellow race). The skin is yellow, the hair is black and straight, the head is almost square, the face is flat, the nose is small, the cheekbones are raised, and the eye slits are narrow. Asians outside western Asia and the Inuit, Laplanders and Finns in the north belong to this group, but do not include the Malays.
③African race (black race). The skin is black, the hair is black and curved, the head is long and narrow, the cheekbones are protruding, the eyeballs are protruding, the nose is large, the lips are swollen, and most people have splayed feet. All Africans except northern Africans.
④American race (red race). His skin is copper-colored, his hair is black and straight, his eyes are sunken, his nose is high and wide, and his cheekbones are prominent. In addition to the Inuit, other indigenous residents of the Americas belong to this group.
⑤Malay race (brown race). The skin is tawny, the hair is black and shrinking, the head is medium and narrow, the nose is broad, and the mouth is large. The inhabitants of the Pacific Islands and the Malay Peninsula belong to this category. This division can be said to be the geographical classification of races. In fact, red people in America do not exist. Indians are a large branch of the yellow race. Because they worship the color red and often paint their faces with red paint, they are mistaken for red people. Furthermore, different human races have different blood characteristics, genetic diseases, and inherited genes. Therefore, scholars use different standards to classify human races. Therefore, there is still no consensus on the classification of modern human races. However, after the 1950s, fingerprints, blood types and other indicators were added to the Brucella classification, which gradually combined the classification of races with modern science and gradually formed the currently recognized standards for classification of races.
Black people originated from the tropical equatorial region, which is exposed to direct sunlight for a long time within a year, with high temperatures and strong ultraviolet rays. The people who have lived here for a long time have gradually formed a series of adaptive characteristics through long-term natural selection: high melanin content in the skin to absorb ultraviolet rays in the sun and protect the internal structure of the skin from damage; the density of sweat glands on the body surface is particularly large to facilitate Able to maintain or quickly return to normal body temperature when extremely hot; low and wide nose, short nostril passages, thick lips, large cleft mouth, and less body hair to facilitate heat dissipation; hair is curled like wool, leaving many gaps around each curl, and the gaps are full Air, air has poor heat conductivity, so curly hair has a thermal insulation effect, protecting the brain from damage, etc. Caucasians originated from colder areas, where the sunlight is slanted, the light is weak, and the ultraviolet rays are also weak. The local residents have low melanin content in the body and have light-colored skin; the body is thicker and taller to reduce heat loss; the nose is high and narrow, and the nostril passages are It is longer to preheat the cold air inhaled; the body surface is dense to prevent coldness, etc.
The yellow race originated from the temperate zone, and its skin color and physical characteristics are transitional in adaptability to the black and white races.
History in recent hundreds of years has proven that the above three major human races have been mixed with each other for a long time... >>
Question 2: How many major human races are there in the world? ? A. Yellow race: North Asian race, Arctic race, Far Eastern race, South Asian race, American race.
B. Yellow and black intermediate races: Polynesian race and Thousand Island race.
C. Black race: Australian race, Vidal race, Melanesian race, Negro race, Negrero race, Bushman race.
D. Black and white intermediate races: Ethiopian race, South Indian race.
E. White race: Atlantic Baltic race, Central European race, Indo-Mediterranean race, Balkan Caucasian race.
F. White and yellow intermediate races: South Siberian race and Ural race.
Question 3: What are the main human races in the world. Yellow people, white people, black people. The yellow race is mainly distributed in East Asia, with some distribution around the world, and the white race is mainly distributed in Europe and North America. Black people are mainly distributed in southern Africa. Because most of the black people were sold to North America during the European slave trade, there are also many black people in North America.
Question 4: How many races are there in the world? In the past, the world’s races were roughly divided into three major races, namely Mongoloid (yellow race), Caucasian race (white race), Negro race (black race). Some people also advocate dividing the Australian race (brown race). Besides these main races, there are also several transitional races
Question 5: What are the four major races in the world? For hundreds of years, human beings in the world have been divided into various ways, with different opinions and no consensus. Nowadays, according to the most popular classification method, the races of the world are divided into the following three categories.
(1) Caucasian race - also known as white race or Europa race, originated in southern Europe, North Africa and southwest Asia. The physical characteristics are slender, curly hair, high nose, and blue eyes. The Caucasian race includes the Baltic race living in northern Europe, the Mediterranean race in southern Europe, the White Sea and Baltic race in northeastern Europe, the Balkan and Caucasian races in West Asia, the Central European race, and the white race living in Australia. Before the 15th century, it was mainly distributed in Europe, North Africa, Southwest Asia and other places. At present, this race is spread all over the world and is the main race in North and South America, Europe and Australia.
(2) Mongolian race - also known as the yellow race or the Asian race, originated in the arid grasslands and semi-desert areas of Central Asia and East Asia. Physical characteristics: medium build, black and straight hair, flat face. Among the three major ethnic groups, this ethnic group has the largest population. Mainly distributed in China, Korea, Japan, Siberia, Indochina Peninsula, Malay Peninsula and other places. The Eskimos in the Arctic and the Indians in North America belong to the Mongolian race.
(3) Negro race - also known as black people and equatorial race, originated in the area bordering North Africa and Europe. Physical characteristics are dark skin, curly hair, wide nose, and thick lips. The Negro race includes the Busiman race living in South Africa, the Bantu race in Central Africa, the forest Negro race in West Africa, the Sudanese race and the small black race in North Africa. Originally mainly distributed in Africa and the South Pacific Islands, due to the Western colonial policy of human trafficking, this race is now spread across North and South America.
It has been a long-standing debate as to what race the native Australians belong to. Scholars such as Thomas H. Huxley of the United Kingdom believe that they are brown people, and they join the above three major races as one of the four major human races in the world. Since the skin color, eye color, lip shape, nose shape, etc. of the Australian race are similar to those of the Negro race, France's George Cuvier and others advocated merging them with the Negro race and collectively calling them Negro race. ―Australian race. However, some people, such as Paul Broca of France, believe that the Australian race should be classified as Caucasian based on hair style, blood type and the characteristics of human fossil remains. Australians are now distributed in Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea, Melanesia, Tasnesia and other places.
Question 6: What are the human races in the world? According to the differences in physical characteristics, in the past, the world’s human races were roughly divided into three major races, namely, Mongoloid (yellow race), Caucasian race (white race), Negro race (black race). Some people also advocate dividing the Australian race (brown race). There are also several transitional races between these main races, such as the Ethiopian race and the South Indian race between the Negro race and the Caucasian race, and the Caucasian race and the Mongol race. There are the South Siberian race and the Ural race, and between the Mongol race and the Negro race there are the Polynesian race and the Thousand Island race. With the development of human history, the ability of human production activities has improved, and the ability to control nature has been enhanced. Social factors have gradually strengthened and natural selection factors have gradually weakened. Human interactions have become increasingly frequent, and various human groups continue to mix and mix. It is widespread and extends to almost every corner of the world. Therefore, there is almost no absolute pure race in the world. The Indian geographical race. Although the appearance characteristics of the Indian geographical race have many similarities with the Caucasian race, their skin color is darker. , have a slender body, some are skinny type. In addition, bone density is low; the occurrence rate of B blood type is high, and the occurrence rate of Rh negative blood type is low. It shows that its blood type characteristics are similar to those of the Mongolian geographical race. Caucasian ethnic group The Caucasian ethnic group has a high frequency of Rh-negative blood types and people with A2 blood type, which is different from the Indian ethnic group. He has light skin and thick body hair. Large and narrow noses and the majority of men being bald are also notable features. Indian geographical race Indian geographical race, or American Indian geographical race, was classified as Mongoloid in the past based on appearance characteristics, such as straight black hair, high incidence of spade-shaped incisors, sparse body hair, and few bald men.
However, their skin color is darker than that of Mongoloid people and has a reddish tint. Its blood type characteristics are also different from those of the Mongolian race. For example, there are no people with B type and Rh negative blood type, and there are very few people with N blood type. However, the occurrence rate of Diego positive blood type is high. In terms of blood type characteristics, the Mongolian race has a high occurrence rate of B blood type, while the occurrence rate of Duffy blood type and Diego positive blood type is unstable or high. The Negro geographical race The Negro geographical race can sometimes be divided into the Congolese race with typical characteristics and the Cape race (including the Khoi race with yellowish skin, short stature and spiral tufted hair). San people). There is no significant difference in blood type between the two. Generally, R0 blood type has a high occurrence rate, U-negative blood type is slightly less common, and Fy and V blood types are very rare. Abnormal hemoglobin. There is a deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Australian Geographic Race The Australian Geographic Race has dark skin, wavy to curly hair, slender body, medium to thick body hair, high baldness rate in men, and hairless calves. The teeth are large, the brow ridge is high, and the mandible is prominent. The occurrence rate of type B blood type is very low, the occurrence rate of type N blood type is extremely high, and there is no type S blood type. There is no abnormal hemoglobin and no glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, contrary to the Negro race. The race on the islands of Oceania was once known as the Australian race together with the Australian race. The Melanesian geographical race is similar in appearance to the Australian race, but has a high incidence of spade-shaped incisors and a high incidence of B and S blood types. There are genes for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and thalassemia. Maybe the Australian race is more closely related to it. The Micronesian geographical race The Micronesian geographical race was once thought to be a mixed descendant of the Mongoloid, Melanesian and Polynesian races in Southeast Asia. However, the occurrence rate of type B blood type is slightly higher, type N blood type is more common than type M blood type, and the occurrence rate of Duffy-positive and Diego-negative blood types is very high. Showing that they are an independent geographical race. Polynesian geographical race The Polynesian geographical race has lighter skin and less body hair. The occurrence rate of B blood type is low, the occurrence rate of N blood type is high, there is no Rh-negative and A2 blood type, and the occurrence rate of B type, M type and Duffy-positive blood type is not high. Although the facial features are similar to those of the Mongoloid race, the light skin color, wavy hair and thick beard are similar to those of the Caucasian race. Its blood type is quite different from that of Mongoloid and Caucasian races. Supplementary explanation: Within the scope of geographical race, some smaller population groups are formed based on biology or other factors such as geographical barriers, society, folk customs, and even historical and political factors, which can be called regional races ( local race). They often only intermarry within their own group and rarely interact with other groups. Members of a regional race have very similar biological characteristics. Often many regional races with similar genetic characteristics can form a geographical race on a continent or a large area... >>
Question 7: How many races are there in the world? Race is the abbreviation of the world's human race, which refers to human beings formed in history in a certain area and possessing certain genetic traits (including skin color, eye color, hair color and hairstyle, height, facial shape). , head shape, nose type, blood type, genetic diseases, etc.). The concept of race was first proposed by French naturalist Bernier in 1684.
The earliest human race classification is the mural on the tomb of Siti I in the 18th Dynasty of ancient Egypt more than 3,000 years ago. It distinguishes humans by different colors and divides humans into four types: First , the Egyptians are painted red; second, the Asians are painted yellow; third, the southern Negroes are painted black; fourth, the Westerners and northerners are painted white. It became the basis for today's classification of human beings into white, yellow, black and brown people. In the classification made in 1758, Linnaeus, an outstanding Swedish scientist, divided the world's human races into: savage species - Philas, monster species - Monstrous, and sane species - Sebiens; and then according to The number of continents known at that time further divided the sane race into four major races: European whites, Asian yellows, African blacks and American reds.
The famous French scholar Cuvier advocated dividing the race into three major races, and named them after the three sons of Noah in the "Old Testament": Semitic race, Hamite race, and Japhetic race. race. This kind of classification of races based on culture and religion is difficult for people to accept.
Blumenmacher, a professor at the University of G?ttingen in Germany, who is known as the "originator of Western anthropology" and the "father of mankind", was the first to use scientific methods to classify people. Color, hairstyle, eye color, height, head shape and other physical characteristics, as well as the original residence area, classify living humans into five major races:
①Caucasian race (white race). The skin is white, the hair is chestnut, the head is almost spherical, the face is oval and vertical, and the nose is narrow and narrow. The mouth belongs to the residents of Europe, West Asia and North Africa, except for Finns, Laplanders, etc.
②Mongoloid race (yellow race). The skin is yellow, the hair is black and straight, the head is almost square, the face is flat, the nose is small, the cheekbones are raised, and the eye slits are narrow. Asians outside western Asia and the Inuit, Laplanders and Finns in the north belong to this group, but do not include the Malays.
③African race (black race). The skin is black, the hair is black and curved, the head is long and narrow, the cheekbones are protruding, the eyeballs are protruding, the nose is large, the lips are swollen, and most people have splayed feet. All Africans except northern Africans.
④American race (red race). His skin is copper-colored, his hair is black and straight, his eyes are sunken, his nose is high and wide, and his cheekbones are prominent. In addition to the Inuit, other indigenous residents of the Americas belong to this group.
⑤Malay race (brown race). The skin is tawny, the hair is black and shrinking, the head is medium and narrow, the nose is broad, and the mouth is large. The inhabitants of the Pacific Islands and the Malay Peninsula belong to this category. This division can be said to be the geographical classification of races. In fact, red people in America do not exist. Indians are a large branch of the yellow race. Because they worship the color red and often paint their faces with red paint, they are mistaken for red people. Furthermore, different human races have different blood characteristics, genetic diseases, and inherited genes. Therefore, scholars use different standards to classify human races. Therefore, there is still no consensus on the classification of modern human races. However, after the 1950s, fingerprints, blood types and other indicators were added to the Brucella classification, which gradually combined the classification of races with modern science and gradually formed the currently recognized standards for classification of races.
Black people originated from the tropical equatorial region, which is exposed to direct sunlight for a long time within a year, with high temperatures and strong ultraviolet rays. The people who have lived here for a long time have gradually formed a series of adaptive characteristics through long-term natural selection: high melanin content in the skin to absorb ultraviolet rays in the sun and protect the internal structure of the skin from damage; the density of sweat glands on the body surface is particularly large to facilitate Able to maintain or quickly return to normal body temperature when extremely hot; low and wide nose, short nostril passages, thick lips, large cleft mouth, and less body hair to facilitate heat dissipation; hair is curled like wool, leaving many gaps around each curl, and the gaps are full Air, air has poor heat conductivity, so curly hair has a thermal insulation effect, protecting the brain from damage, etc. Caucasians originated from colder areas, where the sunlight is slanted, the light is weak, and the ultraviolet rays are also weak. The local residents have low melanin content in the body and have light-colored skin; the body is thicker and taller to reduce heat loss; the nose is high and narrow, and the nostril passages are It is longer to preheat the inhaled cold air; the surface of the body is dense and dense to prevent cold.
The yellow race originated from the temperate zone, and its skin color and physical characteristics are transitional in adaptability to the black and white races.
History in recent hundreds of years has proven that the above three major human races have been mixed with each other for a long time... >>
Question 8: What are the major human races in the world. Yellow people, white people, black people. The yellow race is mainly distributed in East Asia, with some distribution around the world, and the white race is mainly distributed in Europe and North America. Black people are mainly distributed in southern Africa. Because most of the black people were sold to North America during the European slave trade, there are also many black people in North America.
Question 9: How many major races are there in the world? A. Yellow race: North Asian race, Arctic race, Far Eastern race, South Asian race, American race.
B. Yellow and black intermediate races: Polynesian race and Thousand Island race.
C. Black race: Australian race, Vidal race, Melanesian race, Negro race, Negrero race, Bushman race.
D. Black and white intermediate races: Ethiopian race, South Indian race.
E. White race: Atlantic Baltic race, Central European race, Indo-Mediterranean race, Balkan Caucasian race.
F. White and yellow intermediate races: South Siberian race and Ural race.
Question 10: What are the four major human races in the world? For hundreds of years, human beings in the world have been divided into various ways, with different opinions and no consensus. Nowadays, according to the most popular classification method, the races of the world are divided into the following three categories.
(1) Caucasian race - also known as white race or Europa race, originated in southern Europe, North Africa and southwest Asia. The physical characteristics are slender, curly hair, high nose, and blue eyes. The Caucasian race includes the Baltic race living in northern Europe, the Mediterranean race in southern Europe, the White Sea and Baltic race in northeastern Europe, the Balkan and Caucasian races in West Asia, the Central European race, and the white race living in Australia. Before the 15th century, it was mainly distributed in Europe, North Africa, Southwest Asia and other places. At present, this race is spread all over the world and is the main race in North and South America, Europe and Australia.
(2) Mongolian race - also known as the yellow race or the Asian race, originated in the arid grasslands and semi-desert areas of Central Asia and East Asia. Physical characteristics: medium build, black and straight hair, flat face. Among the three major ethnic groups, this ethnic group has the largest population. Mainly distributed in China, Korea, Japan, Siberia, Indochina Peninsula, Malay Peninsula and other places. The Eskimos in the Arctic and the Indians in North America belong to the Mongolian race.
(3) Negro race - also known as black people and equatorial race, originated in the area bordering North Africa and Europe. Physical characteristics are dark skin, curly hair, wide nose, and thick lips. The Negro race includes the Busiman race living in South Africa, the Bantu race in Central Africa, the forest Negro race in West Africa, the Sudanese race and the small black race in North Africa. Originally mainly distributed in Africa and the South Pacific Islands, due to the colonial policy of Western human trafficking, this race is now spread across North and South America.
It has been a long-standing debate as to what race the native Australians belong to.
Scholars such as Thomas H. Huxley of the United Kingdom believe that they are brown people, and they join the above three major races as one of the four major human races in the world. Since the skin color, eye color, lip shape, nose shape, etc. of the Australian race are similar to those of the Negro race, France's George Cuvier and others advocated merging them with the Negro race and collectively calling them Negro race. ―Australian race. However, some people, such as Paul Broca of France, believe that the Australian race should be classified as Caucasian based on hair style, blood type and the characteristics of human fossil remains. Australians are now distributed in Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea, Melanesia, Tasnesia and other places.