There are three main types of infectious inflammation in the middle ear: acute, chronic secretory and chronic suppurative. The pathogens of acute otitis media are mostly Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus hemolyticus. There are three ways of invasion, through eustachian tube, external auditory canal or middle ear. With the decline of people's physique, more people's physical resistance is getting lower and lower, and more people suffer from acute otitis media. So what are the symptoms of acute otitis media?
The main clinical manifestation of acute otitis media is sudden earache, often accompanied by a cold or cough. If the patient is a baby, he will cry and rub the earlobe of the affected ear. Have a fever, the body temperature can be as high as 39 degrees Celsius. Vomiting may occur, or soft earwax or pus may flow out of the ear canal. The affected ears may have hearing impairment. The symptoms of acute otitis media mainly include sudden earache, often accompanied by symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection such as cold and cough. Most patients have severe pain before perforation, and the pain can be relieved when pus flows out of the affected ear after perforation. Tinnitus and deafness with mild hearing loss. Fever, the body temperature is generally around 38℃, children may be accompanied by high fever, vomiting, diarrhea and other digestive tract symptoms.
Complications of acute otitis media
If acute otitis media is not treated in time, it will develop into chronic otitis media and cause other diseases. In the process of causing symptoms of other diseases, the harm to our friends' health is incalculable. Now, let's look at the complications of acute otitis media.
1, acute otitis media will be accompanied by sudden earache, which may be a cold, cough, etc. The affected ears can hear the failure.
2, earache: The clinical manifestation of acute otitis media is that patients can have dull earache, which is often the first symptom of patients, sustainable or painful. Patients with chronic otitis media have unclear earache. Acute otitis media is often accompanied by occlusion or swelling in the ear, which can be temporarily aggravated after pressing the tragus.
3. Tinnitus: The clinical manifestations of otitis media are mostly low-key and intermittent, such as "crackling", buzzing and running water. When the head moves, yawns or blows your nose, the sound of air passing through your ears may appear.
4. Hearing loss: The clinical manifestations of otitis media are hearing loss and self-hearing enhancement. When the head position leans forward or leans to the healthy side, the hearing can be temporarily improved (displacement hearing improvement) because the effusion spreads separately from the cochlea. When the effusion is thin, changing the head position can't change the hearing.
5, ear pus: the temporary treatment of acute otitis media can be mucus, sticky pus or pure pus. Risk-free pus is thin and tasteless. Although there are not many risky purulent secretions, they are viscous, mostly purulent and accompanied by odor.
Is acute otitis media serious?
Infectious inflammation of the middle ear can be divided into three types: acute, chronic secretory and chronic suppurative. Compared with chronic secretory otitis media and chronic suppurative otitis media, acute otitis media is not as harmful as the latter two, but it also has very serious consequences if it is not treated in time, so acute otitis media is a serious disease.
Its harm mainly includes: various abscesses, such as retroauricular subperiosteal abscess, infratemporal abscess, posterior wall abscess of external auditory canal, etc. After the abscess appears, a soft lump, redness, severe pain and high fever can be felt locally. If not treated in time, the abscess will spread to the neck, causing pain when the neck rotates, and in severe cases, it will destroy the great blood vessels of the neck and lead to death; Facial paralysis, the facial nerve is very close to the middle ear cavity. If it is damaged, it will cause the mouth and eyes to be skewed; Labyrinthitis, if inflammation invades inward, entering the inner ear will cause labyrinthitis, leading to dizziness, nausea and vomiting; Intracranial complications include meningitis, epidural abscess and brain abscess. In either case, life will be in danger.
How to treat acute otitis media?
The pathogens of acute otitis media are mostly Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus hemolyticus. There are three ways of invasion, through eustachian tube, external auditory canal or middle ear. If it is acute otitis media, you must go to a professional hospital for examination in time to confirm the type of otitis media and treat it symptomatically under the guidance of a doctor. Don't make your own decisions and treat them blindly.
Acute otitis media is caused by bacterial infection. Antibiotics are specific treatments. Sensitive antibiotics should be selected, penicillin and penicillin family are generally used, and intravenous drip should be chosen as the route of administration, so that the focus can be reached faster. Let the drugs work. Ear drops for the treatment of acute otitis media directly act on local lesions, making the drug play a more full role. Before dropping the medicine, the arms and legs of the sick child should be properly supported, and the younger child or the older child can persuade and mobilize to cooperate. You can lie on your side in bed or sit in a chair with your head tilted to one side. Babies can be held in their arms by their parents, with their left hands holding their heads, their right hands and arms holding the trunk and hands of the sick child, and their legs holding the legs of the sick child. Children who are extremely uncooperative can wrap their upper limbs tightly with sheets and fix their heads. For the treatment of acute otitis media, attention should also be paid before dropping the medicine: the temperature of the liquid medicine should be close to the body temperature, and it should be slightly too cold to avoid adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting after dropping the medicine. Don't touch the wall of external auditory canal with dropper to avoid pollution.
How to nurse acute otitis media
The pathogens of acute otitis media are mostly Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus hemolyticus. There are three ways of invasion, through eustachian tube, external auditory canal or middle ear. A few cases can lead to perforation of tympanic membrane. Some of them may turn into chronic otitis media, with more secretions, and lead to deafness and earache. After realizing the harm of acute otitis media, how should we treat patients with acute otitis media as family members and friends during the treatment?
Nursing care of patients with acute otitis media is very important. In addition to taking anti-inflammatory drugs under the guidance of a doctor, we should also wash the pus in the ear canal with 3% hydrogen peroxide, and then drip 4-5 drops of chloramphenicol solution or compound neomycin into the ear canal. When dropping the medicine, parents should put the sick ear up and gently press the cartilage near the ear canal with their fingers so that the liquid medicine can fully contact the sick eardrum. Drop it at least three times a day, and then put a cotton ball in the ear canal to prevent the dripping liquid from flowing out. At the same time, actively control the source of infection and remove obstructive lesions, smooth drainage, improve the function of eustachian tube, and remove middle ear effusion.