Dujiangyan water culture with strong regional color produced by Dujiangyan includes hydrology, water cultural relics and water theology. Such as "Erwang Temple", "Fulongguan" and "Observation Deck"; Rebuild the fish mouth, excavate the stone statue of Li Bing and the stone carving of "drinking water and thinking about the source" in the Eastern Han Dynasty; Praise the folklore of Li Bing's father and son's dragon water control and the sacrificial activities with certain religious theological color; And the resulting poems, words, calligraphy and paintings offer sacrifices to water, gods and people, forming a unique Dujiangyan water culture. Dujiangyan has a stone tablet engraved with the words "deep scouring beach, low weir".
Commemorate the builder
Dujiangyan was built in 256 BC. This is a large-scale water conservancy project led by Li Bing, the prefect of Shu County of Qin State, and his son Jiro during the Warring States Period. It is the oldest and only preserved water conservancy project in the world, which is characterized by not building a dam to divert water. For more than 2200 years, it still plays a huge role. Li Bing's water control is a great masterpiece of the civilized world and a great water conservancy project that benefits the people. Chengdu Plain can be so rich, known as the "Tianfu" paradise, which is fundamentally the result of Li Bing's creation of Dujiangyan. Therefore, historical records say: "The completion of Dujiangyan has made the Chengdu Plain' flood and drought follow people, no famine, and the world is called' abundant'".
Water control philosophy
Dujiangyan has a long history. Apart from the ingenious layout of the project, the descendants of Hui Ze mainly follow the guiding ideology of water control, the management system of "annual maintenance", the principle of river regulation and the construction of diversion weir.
Dujiangyan project has been running for more than 2000 years, and people have accumulated unique and valuable experience in long-term practice. Among them, the cultural connotation is rich, which embodies the wisdom of the pioneers of water control and the working people. The formation and development of Dujiangyan water culture fully embodies the correctness and long-term nature of "practice is the only criterion for testing truth". The connotation of Dujiangyan water culture reflects the whole process of engineering construction, maintenance, management and development, and is one of the important heritages of human social development. This is also an important reason why the United Nations rated Dujiangyan project as an important cultural heritage in the world.
Three-character classic of water control
People have created Dujiangyan water culture in long-term practice, which is rich in connotation and is an important factor for the enduring Dujiangyan project. "Make the best use of the situation and keep pace with the times" is the criterion of Dujiangyan project management, which is called "eight-character proverbs". Dujiangyan's Three-Character Classic of Water Control is a summary of people's experience and code of conduct in managing Dujiangyan project. "Deep scouring beach, low weir, six-character purpose, learning from the past, digging river sand, piling dikes, building fish mouths, installing sheepfolds, standing in queues, digging leaky cans, making cages, building stone health, dividing into four or six, leveling the wasteland, drawing symbols with water, seeing iron piles, diligently repairing the old, preventing diseases, following the old system, and not changing at will."
The Three-Character Classic of Water Control is a summary of people's experience in managing Dujiangyan for thousands of years, which has profound cultural connotation and is the code of conduct for managing Dujiangyan. Some people criticize the "keeping the old system without changing" in the "Three Kingdoms Water Control", which is a reflection of conservative thoughts. Practice has proved that every measure of water control in San Zi Jing is summed up by people from long-term practice and is worth cherishing and inheriting. The so-called people who follow the old system and don't change at will mean that Dujiangyan should be governed by objective laws. The Three-Character Classic of Water Control is a summary of thousands of years' experience in Dujiangyan. "Constant" is not constant, but should follow objective laws. Practice has proved that the cultural connotation of the three-character classic of water control is the result of long-term practice. With people's continuous practice, the significance of the three-character sutra of water control will keep pace with the times and guide the protection and development of Dujiangyan project for a long time.
According to the water potential and topography, Dujiangyan project has unique landscape, exquisite workmanship, beautiful shape and remarkable functions. It shows Dujiangyan water cultural characteristics such as intercepting and diverting water, pebble revetment, building embankment with stone bamboo cages and laying iron to show the standard of scouring beaches, as well as relics such as "cutting corners when encountering bends, pulling out the heart at the right time", "deep scouring beaches and low weirs". As for the legend of subduing demons, the story of Wangniang Beach is a household name, with profound cultural connotation, which reflects people's love and attachment to Dujiangyan. The draft gauge at the bottle mouth and the ancient water gauge show the wisdom of the working people, guide the people in the irrigation area to make correct use of Dujiangyan water resources, and make the industrial and agricultural production in the irrigation area take advantage of the situation to avoid disadvantages. At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the government published the water level of Baojiangkou in Dujiangyan every day in the West Sichuan Daily, so that the people in the irrigation area could know the water situation in Dujiangyan in time and arrange production, flood control and drought relief. Aquarius mouth water still has the significance of guiding industrial and agricultural production and domestic water use in irrigation areas. The excavation of the statue of Li Bing and the discovery of "lying on the iron" show the water culture of Dujiangyan and arouse people's memory and reverence for the pioneers of Dujiangyan construction.
Dujiangyan water release festival
Temple fair activities are centered on June 24 and 26 of the lunar calendar every year. Li Bing presided over the creation of Dujiangyan, making the Sichuan Plain, which has suffered from floods and droughts for a long time, a rich and world-renowned "land of abundance", and the people's feelings for him are unforgettable. For more than 2,000 years, Li Bing and his son have been digging away from piles and opening weirs to repair canals, which have brought blessings to the land of abundance, and have always been revered and appreciated by the world. Since ancient times, the Erwang Temple has not only flourished incense, but also held official memorial activities and folk sacrificial activities of ordinary people. The official sacrificial activities are even more grand. According to historical records, in the seventh year of Song Kaibao (929), the official sacrificial activities were officially announced, initially once a year, and later changed to twice a year in spring and autumn. The early sacrifice was very grand, with a very grand legacy of blood sacrifice. It has become a unique custom in Dujiangyan to celebrate the Qingming Songkran Festival instead of it.
Erwangmiao temple fair
Time: June 24-June 26 of the lunar calendar every year.
According to legend, June 24th of the lunar calendar is Erlang God's birthday, and two days later is Li Bing's birthday. On the occasion of flowers and birds singing, people who benefited from Dujiangyan have left their homes and come to Erwang Temple to burn incense and sacrifice to remember the founder of Dujiangyan, Li Bing and his son. Taoist Temple held a grand ceremony of "Master Chuan, Wonderful Dao and True King" and decorated the Dojo for three days. Today's Erwangmiao Temple Fair not only added song and dance performances and Sichuan Opera performances, but also showed the unique skills of Sichuan Opera. Every year, the temple fair Erwang Temple is full of smog and thousands of people worship, which is unprecedented and not less than the previous year. Haru Aoyama's poem "Guanyang Zhi Zhu Ci" wrote: "Dujiangyan is flooded and people are in a hurry to reach the shore. I like to see the frequent withdrawal of rafts, and I am happy to say that I am plowing. "
He Qing Shengxin's poem "Fulongguan": "Ying Ying is separated by a river and two mountains. Red leaves flow in the broken stream and white clouds rise in the empty pool. The bridge cable is out of thin air, and the tree floats at dusk. Where is the dragon lady now? The cliff asked Liu Jun. "
Dong Qing Qin Xiang's "Ode to Guan Yu of Youlong": "Thunder and thunder in the gorge shook the blue end, and it has been broken for several years! Out of the ancient and modern Qin and Han dynasties, ask him if Long Fu has been cold? "
Huang Yu's poem Dujiangyan in the Qing Dynasty: "The Minjiang River is far away from the sky, and its magic breaks the ancient piles. Bourne is vast and connected with three Chu, and Huize frost moistens nine places. Rain falls in front of the axe rock, and light thunder thunders at the bottom of Longtan. Embankment construction does not dare to quit hard work, and bamboo and stone management is second-rate. "
"Dujiangyan Erwangmiao Couplet" ① One door and two mansions, six characters in spring and autumn ② Couplet: The six characters have been shining for thousands of years, and the people in fourteen counties are doomed to eat the sky, which is all given by this public; Bottom line: ten thousand streams converge into one confluence, and 800 miles of Qingcheng fertile land are all from Taishou. Dujiangyan couplets
Worship Dujiangyan and ask Qingcheng Mountain.
-Yu
essay
Title: Du Jianghe
Author: Yu