Skiing essentials (enhanced version)

The weather is getting colder and colder, and many people have started the "hibernation mode", but for friends who love outdoor sports and travel, skiing is a very meaningful leisure sport. Walking through the snow-covered forest, marching in line on the vast land that can't be seen in the city, and experiencing the feeling of lightning when sliding down the hillside is endless fun. However, alpine skiing is risky. Please keep in mind the "safety rules" we summarized for you:

1) When you first arrive at the ski resort, you must first understand the general situation of the ski resort, remember the location of the ski resort facilities on the map, know the warning signs, and strictly abide by the relevant safety management regulations of the ski resort. Pay attention to the opening hours of the ropeway, and don't take it when no one is around.

2) Pay attention to the safety and reliability of equipment and lines when skiing. Be sure to check the skis and poles in advance, including whether there are any broken places, whether the anchor connection is firm and whether the accessories are complete. It is best to have spare wooden boards, spare wooden sticks and repair tools, and use the guide in unfamiliar snow areas. When the equipment is abnormal or the road condition is unknown during taxiing, stop the car first, and then operate after finding out the situation.

3) Beginners should pay attention to step by step and do what they can. During the training, you should obey the arrangement and command of the coach and the staff of the ski resort. Don't ski in the snow field with high technical requirements without reaching a certain level to avoid accidents.

4) Understand the relevant rules of skiing, such as leaving the snow trail when stopping to rest so as not to affect others, and not colliding with the person in front when going downhill, otherwise you will be mainly responsible for the accident.

5) Ski in a large ski resort, go early and come back early. Remember not to cross the ski boundary or stay away from the camp without authorization to avoid accidents. Don't slide alone in the forest or in the time and place where avalanches are prone to occur. It is best for three or more people to act together. If you start alone, be sure to tell your partner or the manager of the academy.

6) Grasp the intensity of exercise to avoid repeated sweating, catching a cold or being exhausted and unable to slide back. When the climate changes suddenly (such as sudden strong wind, sudden cooling, etc.) )), it is best to stop traveling and take emergency measures. Generally, without reliable preventive measures, don't go too far into the no-man's land and virgin forest, because it is easy to get lost when snow is filled, the traces of snowboards are blown flat by the wind, and the circuit is not easy to find.

7) Learn some basic knowledge of health care, self-help and first aid before departure: the parts that are easy to get frostbite in skiing are fingers, feet, ears, nose tip and genitals. The above parts should be kept warm with cashmere products or chemical fiber products with good warm-keeping effect. The most common trauma is thumb contusion, and the most common diseases are stomach pain, abdominal pain and snow blindness. Don't struggle in case the skier falls. It's best to lift his limbs and let them slide with the trend. It's not easy to get hurt. He must avoid rolling. From this point of view, when beginners slide down, the connection between the anchor and the shoes should not be too firm, and the snowboard should be automatically separated from the shoes after a big fall.

Skiing skills for beginners

Put on and take off skis.

When wearing a snowboard, you should first put the snowboard in a position parallel to the study site. If the snow is uneven, you should make the skis perpendicular to the rolling line. When you wear it, you should put on the downhill board first, supported by snowball fights. First, insert the front end of the snowshoe into the groove at the front end of the boot clip and step on the rear end of the boot clip. At this time, the boot clip should fix the snowshoe on the snowboard, and the tongue behind the boot clip will tilt up. When unloading, you only need to flatten the tongue behind the boot clip, and then you can unload the snow boots from the snowboard. Before putting on the snowboard, check whether the tongue behind the boot clip is inclined. If it is already tilted, it must be flattened before wearing it, otherwise it will not be worn.

How to place skis on the snow;

(1) perpendicular to the rolling line.

(2) Keep the two plates parallel.

How to ski:

(1) Put on skis at the lower side of the mountain, and then

It is often difficult for beginners to control the speed and direction when skiing. At this time, if they just slide forward, it may cause danger. In this case, taking the initiative to fall is a good choice. Be careful not to sit back when you fall, so it will be difficult to control the speed and direction without stopping sliding. The correct way is to fall sideways.

When you get up, you should put your feet together first, and the snowboard should be perpendicular to the rolling line as far as possible to avoid slipping when you get up. At this time, tie your body, put your head as close as possible to your knees, and then hold your body up with your hands or have a snowball fight.

How to choose depravity:

(1) Get down.

(2) fall to both sides.

(3) Fall to the upper side of the mountain.

(4) Don't struggle, let it slide and never roll.

How to stand up after a fall:

(1) Exercise slightly, and check for damage.

(2) Confirm the direction of the rolling line.

(3) Lift the snowboard into the air and put down the mountain.

(4) The double plates are parallel and perpendicular to the rolling line.

3. Introduction to Skiing Skills

If you have begun to dream of a new skiing activity, you must be congratulated on joining the ranks of' snow fans'. However, when you go to Xueyuan again, if you know little about skiing, you will regret your money a little! How about reviewing your skiing before the snow season? Make a list of the most common problems that beginners make and correct their actions for your reference. Take time to study:

Full braking posture:

Eight-figure full braking is an action that beginners must practice. The first contact between the snowboard and the snow surface produces resistance through the internal gap of the snowboard. Many beginners think that the full braking posture does not conform to human mechanics, in fact, it is mainly because the body is stiff and leads to joint dislocation; As long as you can keep relaxed, you will find that the full braking action is very smooth. Again, the position of hands and feet is also very important. Open your hands with a snow pole to help balance. Keeping your knees flexible can increase stability. Tilting your upper body forward slightly can lower your center of gravity. And most importantly, little ass, don't sit back, it will lead to the wrong center of gravity.

Speed control:

The control of the whole speed is not only supported by foot force; Only by using the strength of the body at the same time can we get twice the result with half the effort. The most important thing for braking is the internal clearance at the front end of the snowboard. The smaller the opening of the front end of the snowboard, the greater the feedback force of the snowboard, the greater the stress on the snowboard and the stronger the resistance. When the front opening of the snowboard is close to parallel, the speed is the fastest and the relative resistance decreases. Beginners who are afraid of speed must adjust the opening and closing of the front end of the snowboard.

Up and down movement of knees:

I believe many beginners will wonder, why do you need to add knee movements when turning? I feel that my knees are not moving, but I can still turn on the slope. It is right to feel this way; As long as the strength of both feet is unbalanced, the snowboard will turn. Players who are required to ski with their feet only need not pay attention to their knees. If the goal is to be beautiful, you must practice knee movements. This is the starting stone for stepping and turning with your legs.

There is only one basic theory of skiing, and that is' full braking'! English is called wedge or snow blower. As long as the snow posture brakes hard, it is beautiful and the technology is easy to upgrade. Where there is a will, there is a way. Strengthen the above points, I believe you will become a master skier.

Choice of ski clothes

Skiing is a very enjoyable and exciting sport. When you gallop on the vast snowfield in bright ski clothes, it is as pleasing as a flower in white petals. But do you know how to choose ski clothes? Now let me tell you: Ski clothes are specially designed for skiing, and they are different from ordinary sportswear in choice.

First, in addition to professional competition clothes, you can't choose clothes that are too small or too tight, which will limit your sliding action. To be loose, the sleeve length is slightly longer than the wrist after the arm is stretched upwards, and the cuff is tightened to adjust the tightness. The neckline should be an upright high-necked opening to prevent cold air from entering. The length of trousers should be based on the length from the corner of trousers to the ankle after squatting. The lower opening of trousers has a double-layer structure, and the inner layer has an elastic necking with non-slip rubber, which can be tightly stretched on ski boots to effectively prevent snow from entering; There is a hard lining on the inner side of the outer layer to prevent the ski boots from colliding and damaging the outer layer when sliding.

Secondly, from the structure of ski clothes, there are two kinds of ski clothes and one kind of ski clothes. Ski clothes are easy to wear, but when choosing, pants must be high waist, and it is best to have straps and soft belts. The coat must be loose, and the waist should be gathered in the middle with a belt or drawstring to prevent the snow from entering the ski suit from the waist after sliding down. When the arms are stretched upward, the sleeves should not be stretched too tightly, but slightly longer, because the upper limbs move in all directions when skiing, especially for beginners. One-piece ski suit is simple in structure and comfortable to wear. It has better snow protection effect than two-piece ski suit, but it is more troublesome to wear. According to the author's experience, it is more convenient to slide in one-piece ski suit than in two-piece ski suit.

Third, the outer material of ski suit should be wear-resistant, tear-proof and windproof, and nylon or tear-proof cloth with waterproof surface is better. Because most ski resorts in China are inland, the climate is cold and dry, the temperature is low, and the snow is difficult to travel. In view of the fact that most of the ropeways in ski resorts in China are not closed and the temperature is low, hollow cotton or DuPont cotton with good thermal insulation performance should be used as the internal thermal insulation material of ski clothes to provide good thermal insulation conditions for skiers when riding the ropeway. According to the author's experience, one-piece ski suit is better than two-piece ski suit in keeping warm.

Fourth, from the color point of view, it is best to choose striking red, orange yellow, sky blue or various colors that can form a great contrast with white. First of all, it increases the charm of the sport, and more importantly, it provides an eye-catching sign for other skiers to avoid collisions.

Fifth, the opening of the ski suit should be mainly made of large zippers, and the zipper head should be large to facilitate the operation when wearing gloves. The outer side of the zipper should have a wind wall structure to prevent cold air from entering the body through the gap of the zipper when sliding. There should be several large pockets that can be easily opened, so that some commonly used ski supplies can be put in different categories for easy use.

Sixth, because it is often necessary to arrange ski equipment and slide with poles, ski gloves should be wide, with five fingers apart and gloves with long wrists. Better cover the cuffs. If there is an elastic band to seal them, it can effectively prevent snow from entering. It's best to choose ski cap with a condom, only revealing half of her face to prevent cold wind from blowing on her face, especially for ladies.

In short, a comfortable and beautiful ski suit, coupled with your elegant gliding posture, will definitely bring you wonderful enjoyment.

Ski equipment List (for Alpine Skiers)

1. Two pairs of underwear, two autumn trousers, two autumn clothes, three pairs of thick socks, a pair of trousers, a sweater, a sweater vest, a coat, a ski suit, a ski cap, a pair of ski gloves, a scarf, a windshield, a snow cover, an ear protector and a pair of snow boots.

2. A pair of special equipment snowboards, a pair of ski boots, a pair of ski poles, a pair of ski goggles, a pair of elbow pads, a pair of wrist pads, a pair of knee pads, a piece of wax, a blade, a bottle of antifogging agent, a set of combined tools, a compass, a sleeping bag, a mountaineering bag and a small crampon.

Three. Medicinal anti-inflammatory drugs, antidiarrheal drugs, scalding drugs, hemostatic drugs and Piyanping.

Four. Toilet paper, soap, toothbrush, toothpaste, shampoo, shower cap, razor, beard brush, small mirror, gargle cup, comb, face oil, sunscreen, bath towel, toilet paper, disinfectant paper towel, quilt.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Timetable of other articles, maps, ID cards, RMB, train tickets, watches, spare glasses, hair dryers, fruit knives, water cups, lighters, calculators, plastic bags, sundry bags, passport bags, keys, travel itinerary, reports, address books, business cards, notebooks and pens.

Ski goggles purchase knowledge

1. Enough strength. First of all, it is necessary to ensure that the ski goggles are not easy to break when they are hit, and it is not easy to cause damage to the eyes and face. If when you buy snow goggles, the clerk assures you that his snow goggles is absolutely safe and will not be damaged, it is a "Tiger Tour". Nothing is indestructible, even steel. Just look at the strength and location of the impact. You know, even the best snow goggles at present, professional obstacle skiers with a lot of training, are damaged by bouncing flagpoles every year! A good snow mirror does have better strength, stronger shock absorption and lower damage probability. This kind of snow goggles needs high-quality frames, lenses and glue. High-strength resin is the mainstream material for manufacturing frames and lenses at present. However, judging from the current production costs at home and abroad, snow goggles, whose retail price is above 100 or even below 100, often uses some ordinary or slightly enhanced plastic materials, and the quality is difficult to guarantee. Many shops selling glasses and sunglasses in the wholesale market also have similar ski goggles or goggles, which look fancy. However, there will be a slight twist and creak in your hand, which really makes people worry that the frames will break after these lenses are slightly hit, which will hurt your glasses and face.

Second, good anti-fog ability. Foggy snow goggles is no different from the blind. The anti-fog effect of snow goggles depends on three ways: proper ventilation in snow goggles, keeping the temperature difference between inside and outside the lens, and anti-fog coating on the inside of the lens. The first point is to reduce the water vapor concentration in snow goggles, but it will not suddenly condense into fog; The second point is to make the warm air in the snow goggles not easily condense on the lens even if the humidity is high. The ventilation of snow goggles is realized by the contact of the breathable sponge with the face from the top and bottom of snow goggles. The key of ventilation lies in the reasonable control of ventilation volume: it can not only ensure that warm and humid air in snow goggles can be exhausted through the sponge at the top of snow goggles as soon as possible, but also prevent dry and cold outside air seeping from the sponge at the bottom of snow goggles from entering snow goggles too quickly and too much, which will lead to the rapid cooling of lenses and condense saturated water vapor in snow goggles during the rapid cooling process, thus reducing lens fogging. To this end, some high-end snow goggles also designed a special ventilation regulation system, which can regulate ventilation in a wider range.

Third, match the face. Be sure to try it on! Especially the lower edge of snow goggles, which is in contact with the face and the bridge of the nose, should be pasted well to prevent the water vapor exhaled by the nose and mouth from mixing with the cold wind and entering snow goggles, causing serious fogging. At the same time, prevent cold air from blowing in to irritate the eyes. Some people who wear helmets can also try to match snow goggles with helmets. Generally speaking, most snow goggles and helmets can be worn with each other. It is possible that the gap between snow goggles and helmet is different. Asian and European and American models: Caucasians and yellow people have different faces, and the styles suitable for snow goggles are also quite different. The noses of Europeans and Americans are very high, and the mainstream snow goggles styles are very high in the middle. Most Asians leak air around their noses, causing cold wind to blow their eyes, and snow goggles is foggy. So most people choose Asian brands or improved Asian styles under European brands.

Fourth, high definition. The lens is flat and smooth, the lens material is uniform and free of impurities, and the eyes can see clearly without deformation, and they will not be tired after wearing for a long time. Defective lenses will damage your eyesight.

5. Appropriate light transmittance (usually refers to the depth of lens color). Reduce glare reflected by sunlight and snow, and avoid snow blindness and eye fatigue. People who often skate at night or in cool snow fields should choose bright and light lenses, while those who often skate in sunny snow fields during the day.

Sixth, isolate ultraviolet rays. Protect your eyes from sunburn. Generally, the UV isolation rate in snow goggles is above 99%, so there is basically no need to worry. In fact, I personally think that the isolation rate above 90% is of little significance. It is good for people to bask in the sun properly every day unless they are engaged in welding or ultraviolet disinfection.

Seven, spherical and cylindrical. Spherical mirrors only appeared in recent years, and the mainstream before was cylindrical mirrors. The main differences and characteristics between them are as follows: 1. Visual error: on the horizontal plane of glasses, the horizontal error of spherical mirror and cylindrical mirror is the same; But when the eyes look up and down, the vertical error of cylindrical mirror increases gradually compared with spherical mirror. This is why single board players and flying mill (take-off, somersault, rotation, steel pipe, U-shaped groove) double board players often choose spherical mirrors, because they often need to look up and down, and they need to control their movements and landing points more accurately when doing somersaults; Of course, the spherical mirror looks more flamboyant and conforms to this style. 2. Compared with the cylindrical structure, the spherical structure is relatively stable and more impact-resistant. 3. Because the head is a long oval sphere up and down, especially when wearing a helmet and a cylindrical mirror at the same time, the overall frontal wind resistance of the human head is small, and the line of sight of double-board racers is basically horizontal when sliding, so almost all double-board racers choose cylindrical mirrors. 4. With the same convexity, there is more room for cylindrical mirrors, so almost all snow goggles with myopia glasses are cylindrical mirrors. In addition, the spherical mirror looks more modern and more in line with the current aesthetic trend after color coating or like chrome-plated mirror.

Eight, double layer and single layer. Double-layer lens has stronger protective ability and higher anti-fog ability. The same snow mirror, single and double price difference 100-200 yuan. Individuals need to choose according to their own economic situation. Two lenses are different, too. Some two-layer lenses are sealed together, and some two-layer lenses are bonded together with rubber or sponge pads. The former has better impact resistance and anti-fog ability than the latter. Some people say that there is a vacuum in the middle of some integrated double-layer lenses, but I personally disagree, because if there is a vacuum in the middle of a thin and soft double-layer sealing resin lens, the middle of the two lenses will be stuck together by the external atmospheric pressure, or at least it will be recessed, but this is not the case in actual observation. Therefore, air or nitrogen should be filled between the integrally sealed double-layer lenses to prevent fogging and slow down the oxidative aging of the lenses.

Nine. Choose lenses of different colors. Different colors have different characteristics: silver lenses: reduce brightness as much as possible, suitable for use in strong sunlight. Gray lens: reduce brightness and natural color, suitable for ordinary sunny days. Dark blue, blue and purple lenses: absorb dazzling yellow. Green lens: eyes are not easy to get tired, suitable for wearing all day. Red lens: When the light is dim, it can improve the naked eye's ability to recognize warm colors. Brown lens: enhance contrast, dark and cloudy in the morning, lack of light, keep a clear vision. Yellow lens: It can improve eyesight and is suitable for the darkest places such as early morning and dusk. There are many other colors, and their characteristics will not be described here.