The wing wall column is the intersection of the longitudinal wall and the transverse wall. The longitudinal wall is the wing. The hidden column at the intersection of the two shear walls is the edge component of the shear wall.
The main function is to bear the tensile and compressive stress caused by the bending moment when the bending moment acts in the wall plane. Depending on the location and level of seismic design, there are generally two types: one is the restrained end (concealed) column, and the other is the structural end (concealed) column.
The wing wall is a retaining structure set up to ensure the stability of the roadbed slopes on both sides of the culvert or gravity abutment and to guide the river. There are two types: straight wall type (perpendicular to the end wall) and splayed type (open and tilted). The horoscope is the most commonly used form, and the tilt angle is generally 30 degrees.
Walls can be divided into load-bearing walls and shear walls according to their stress characteristics. The former mainly bears vertical loads, such as masonry walls; the latter mainly bears horizontal loads. In seismic fortification areas, horizontal loads are mainly generated by horizontal earthquake actions, so shear walls are sometimes called seismic walls.
Extended information
The plan layout of the wing wall mainly considers the requirements of water diversion. For water-crossing buildings with water-retaining tasks, the plan layout of the water-retaining side wing wall should also consider the shore. The anti-seepage requirement is that the projected length along the direction of water flow should not be less than the bedding length.
Regardless of the inlet or outlet, the wall should be smooth on the plane and spread out on both sides of the inlet to avoid unfavorable flow patterns such as backflow and vortex in front of the wall. The plane layout of the wing wall includes straight line, broken line and curve, etc., which can be selected according to the flow rate of the inlet and outlet and the terrain conditions.
The facade layout of the wing wall facing the water surface includes upright, inclined, twisted surface, etc. The upright and twisted surface types have better water flow conditions. The inclined wing wall has a sudden change in the water crossing section at the connection with the water passage opening, which often causes vortices and even backflow. Large wing walls usually use the upright type, while small and medium-sized wing walls can use the twisted type.
Baidu Encyclopedia--Wing Wall
Baidu Encyclopedia--Concealed Column
Baidu Encyclopedia--Shear Wall