The congress pointed out that after the socialist transformation of private ownership of the means of production was basically completed, the main contradiction in China was no longer the contradiction between the working class and the bourgeoisie, but the contradiction between the people's demand for the establishment of an advanced industrial country and the reality of a backward agricultural country, and the contradiction between the people's need for rapid economic and cultural development and the current situation that the economy and culture could not meet the people's needs.
The essence of this contradiction is the contradiction between the advanced socialist system and the backward social production when the socialist system in China has been established. The solution to this contradiction is to develop social productive forces and implement large-scale economic construction. To this end, the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made a major strategic decision that the focus of the work of the Party and the state must be shifted to socialist construction.
2. The Great Leap Forward Movement
The "Great Leap Forward" movement refers to the extreme "Left" movement in China from 1958 to 1960. It was initiated on the basis of the Third Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and its continuous erroneous criticism of 1956, and it is the product of "Left" adventurism. The Great Leap Forward disturbed the national economic order, wasted a lot of manpower and material resources, caused a serious imbalance in the proportion of the national economy and caused great losses to the cause of socialist construction.
3. Rural People's Commune Movement
The movement of rural people's commune is an important decision made by China to explore the road of socialist construction in China during the period of building socialism in an all-round way in the late 1950s. It violates the relationship between production relations and productivity.
Due to the problem of being too hasty and too intense in the later period of the cooperative movement, the people's commune movement also appeared to be eager to transition to communism, which blew up a "communist wind" of "leveling one level, adjusting two levels and collecting three exchanges"
4. Adjust the "eight-character policy" of the national economy.
The eight-character policy is the policy of restoring and developing the national economy put forward by China at the beginning of building socialism in an all-round way, that is, the policy of "adjusting, consolidating, enriching and improving"
The eight-character policy is to properly adjust the proportional relationship between all aspects of the national economy, mainly to adjust the proportional relationship between agriculture, light industry and heavy industry, to increase the development speed of agriculture and light industry as much as possible, to appropriately control the development speed of heavy industry, especially steel industry, and to reduce the scale of capital construction, so that national construction and people's lives can be fully coordinated and arranged.
We must consolidate the achievements of national economic development and make it develop in depth. It is necessary to enrich the production capacity of some departments with a small amount of investment, so that they can be matched and play a greater economic effect. It is necessary to improve product quality, increase product varieties, and improve management level and labor productivity.
Extended data:
Experiences and lessons from the initial exploration of socialist construction road;
1. We must combine Marxism with the reality of China and explore the road of socialist construction that conforms to the characteristics of China.
We must correctly understand the main contradictions and fundamental tasks of socialist society and concentrate on developing productive forces.
3. To carry out socialist construction, we must proceed from reality, and the scale and speed of construction should be adapted to the national strength, and we should not rush for success.
We must develop socialist democracy and improve the socialist legal system. The essence of socialist democracy is that the people are masters of their own affairs.
5. We must adhere to the party's democratic centralism and collective leadership system and strengthen the construction of the ruling party.
6. We must adhere to the policy of opening to the outside world, instead of building a car behind closed doors. We should learn and absorb the common achievements of human civilization to build socialism.
Baidu Encyclopedia-The Eighth National Congress of China * * *
Baidu Encyclopedia-Great Leap Forward
Baidu encyclopedia-rural people's commune movement
Baidu encyclopedia-eight-character policy