What should patients with cerebral congestion eat to replenish their brains?

Cerebral congestion is medically called cerebral hemorrhage. Cerebral hemorrhage is a frequently-occurring disease in middle-aged and elderly people. It is bleeding caused by the sudden increase of blood pressure, which leads to the rupture of microvessels in the brain. At the bleeding focus, blood can directly compress the brain tissue, causing brain edema around it, and then secondary brain displacement and brain hernia. If the treatment is delayed, it may cause general paralysis, hemiplegia, persistent lethargy, dementia and even death. Cerebral hemorrhage * first needs bed rest, optimistic and cheerful attitude, full of confidence in the recovery of the disease, close cooperation with us, active treatment and early recovery. * Some patients will have one or two hands and feet unable to move, weak, or temporarily unable to speak, which may have a certain impact on later life. You should have a correct understanding of your illness, as long as you control the medicine as soon as possible, and carry out various functional exercises and language rehabilitation training (such as counting, looking at pictures and talking, etc.). ), and perseverance, has a positive effect on the rehabilitation of paralyzed hands and feet and language function. * Diet should be rich in protein, vitamins and fats, such as fish, bean products, grains and soybeans. Avoid spicy and greasy food (such as strong tea, coffee, fried food), eat more fruits and vegetables, and keep the stool unobstructed. If you have facial paralysis, you can input semi-liquid materials such as milk paste and porridge. When eating, you need to deliver food to the healthy side (where there is no facial paralysis), and the delivery speed should be slow to avoid choking and suffocation. If the condition is critical and swallowing is difficult, the doctor will insert a gastric tube and give nasal feeding liquid to ensure nutritional supply. * Patients are not sensitive to hot and cold stimuli due to illness, so remind their families not to use heating devices such as hot water bottles to help keep warm in cold weather. Otherwise, it will cause serious consequences such as burns. * Physical activity is not suitable for patients with urinary incontinence. Pay attention to protecting the skin, clean the perianal perineal skin after defecation, keep it dry, and apply talcum powder appropriately. Every two hours, the nurse will turn over and pat the patient's back to avoid long-term compression and necrosis of the paralyzed limb skin and bedsore. * Within 1~2 weeks after onset, when the condition is basically stable, functional exercise of the affected limb can be carried out as soon as possible, three times a day, ranging from 10~20 times each time. Massage and passive activities can prevent joint adhesion and muscle atrophy. You can increase the number of exercises in the future to help yourself recover as soon as possible. Exercise method: * At first, take a deep breath and do simple active exercise, focusing on stretching exercises of hemiplegic hands and feet: shoulder abduction, upper limb stretching and lower limb bending. * Use pillows and wooden frames to maintain the functional position of limbs during exercise, so as to prevent the upper limbs from buckling and foot drop. * You can gradually increase the practice of sitting, standing and walking, walk with a correct gait and go up and down the stairs. Pay attention to strengthen protection to prevent accidents such as falling. * After the initial recovery of upper limb activity function, focus on climbing the wall, grasping things, holding walnuts and other exercises to strengthen self-care ability: eating, grooming, dressing and undressing. * The situation has further improved, and labor therapy such as writing, knitting and gardening can be carried out. How to communicate with aphasia patients? 1). Use short and clear sentences when you speak, and speak a little slower than usual. 2) Encourage conversation, don't force it, ask simple and direct questions, and let patients answer "yes" or "no". 3) For people with serious communication problems, you can express your opinions by gestures and facial expressions, and you can also encourage patients to communicate by gestures. 4) Every time you talk to the patient, you should give him enough time to think and organize what he said. 5) Talk to him with familiar names and terms. What is cerebral hemorrhage? In medical terms, it is to rule out traumatic cerebral hemorrhage, in which hypertension is the most common cause. If someone suddenly has severe headache, dizziness with nausea and vomiting, hands and feet are inactive or suddenly unable to speak, unconsciousness, incontinence and high blood pressure, it may be cerebral hemorrhage. Health education 1. Patients need a quiet and comfortable environment, especially within 2 weeks of onset. They should try to reduce medical visits, keep calm and stable emotions, and avoid the influence of various negative emotions. 2. Stay in bed for 2 weeks absolutely, and turn your head gently from side to side. Avoid excessive movement or raising your head. Turn your limbs slightly in bed every 2 hours. Don't be too nervous. Urinating must be carried out in bed, and you can't get out of bed to relieve yourself, so as to avoid another bleeding accident. 3. Some patients will have symptoms of restlessness. We will take protective measures for such patients, such as restraining straps and bed guards, to prevent patients from pulling out infusion tubes or stomach tubes and falling off the bed. Maybe some family members can't bear it, and we understand their feelings. Once the patient's condition is stable and he is no longer agitated, we will immediately remove the restraints on the body, but the bed stall needs constant intensive care, especially for patients with air cushion beds, to prevent them from falling off the bed. I hope everyone will cooperate. 4. There will be different degrees of headache in the course of the disease, such as head swelling pain, needle prick pain and severe pain. This is the most common symptom. We will give reasonable treatment. With the improvement of the disease, the headache will gradually disappear, so you don't have to be overly nervous. You should learn to divert your attention. If you still feel unbearable pain during the treatment, please let us know in time so that the doctor can take more effective treatment measures. 5. Elderly patients have a high degree of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular aging and brittleness, and seasonal changes are easy to induce diseases. Long-term bed rest is easy to cause lung infection, and sputum is not easy to cough up. Drugs can eliminate phlegm, strengthen turning over and patting the back, make phlegm disperse and cough up, and reduce lung infection. If you can't expectorate, you should take sputum suction measures, hoping to cooperate. 6. Long-term bed rest, skin pressure for more than 2 hours, prone to bedsore, should strengthen the turn. Massage the pressed part to keep the skin clean and dry. Limbs are placed in functional positions to prevent deformity. 7. Diet: nutritious, low-fat, light and soft foods, such as eggs and bean products. People who have difficulty eating can tilt their heads to one side, feed slowly, avoid talking, and prevent coughing and suffocation. 8. Keep the stool unobstructed, eat more bananas and honey, drink more water, strengthen moderate turning, massage the abdomen and reduce constipation. Patients who do not defecate for several days or have poor defecation can use laxatives to induce defecation. It is forbidden to hold your breath and forcibly defecate to prevent cerebral hemorrhage again. 9. During the recovery period, raise the bedside 10~ 15○ according to the doctor's advice, and then gradually raise it to the semi-recumbent position according to the degree of tolerance and adaptation, ranging from 30 minutes to1~ 2 hours every day. 10. Hypertension is a common cause of this disease. Taking antihypertensive drugs should be quantified on time, and the dosage should not be increased or decreased at will to prevent the sudden rise and fall of blood pressure and aggravate the condition. 1 1. Follow-up regularly after discharge, monitor blood pressure and blood lipids, and take appropriate physical activities, such as walking and Tai Ji Chuan. The diet of patients with cerebral hemorrhage not only needs medication, but also reasonable diet distribution plays an important role in rehabilitation. If the stroke patients are in stable condition, but have different degrees of disturbance of consciousness and dysphagia, they should adopt nasal feeding diet, and infuse digestible juicy diet, such as thick rice soup, soybean milk, milk, fresh vegetable juice and fruit juice, or infuse 1000-2000ml mixed milk for 5-6 times, and the infused food should not be overheated or cooled to 37℃-39℃. The raw materials for making mixed milk are 600 ml of fresh milk, 350 ml of concentrated rice soup, 2 eggs, 50 g of sugar, 0/0 g of sesame oil/kloc-0, and 3 g of salt. The preparation method is divided into three steps: (1) break the washed eggs, put them in a clean container, add sugar, salt and oil, and stir them evenly with chopsticks; (2) 600 ml of fresh milk and 350 ml of rice soup are mixed and boiled; (3) Pour the prepared egg liquid into the cooked milk-rice soup, and stir with chopsticks while pouring to obtain 1000 ml mixed milk. This 1000 ml mixed milk contains 40 grams of egg white, 40 grams of fat, 0/20 grams of sugar and 4 184 kilojoules (1000 kilocalories). If the patient is complicated with diabetes, no sugar is added. If stroke patients are conscious, but sometimes they choke when eating, they should be given a pasty diet, including steamed egg soup, thick porridge with minced meat and vegetables, rotten noodles with minced meat and vegetables, lotus root starch washed with milk and fruit pulp, or mashed food with a masher and served to the patients. Stroke patients don't have dysphagia in the recovery period, so they should adopt a light, less greasy and digestible soft and balanced diet. The first is animal fat, such as lard, butter, cream and so on. And foods with high cholesterol content, such as egg yolk, roe, animal viscera, fat meat, etc. , should be limited, because the saturated fatty acids contained in these foods can significantly increase the blood cholesterol concentration and promote arteriosclerosis; Vegetable oils can be used, such as soybean oil, tea oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, etc. Because the unsaturated fat contained in it can promote cholesterol excretion and convert it into bile acid, so as to reduce the blood cholesterol content and delay and relieve arteriosclerosis. Secondly, there should be proper protein in the diet, and we should always eat some egg whites, lean meat, fish and various beans and bean products to supply the body with ammonia and acid. Generally, drink a cup of milk and a cup of yogurt every day, because milk contains milk factor and orotic acid, which can inhibit the synthesis of cholesterol in the body and reduce the content of blood lipid and cholesterol. When drinking milk, you can remove the skin. Beans contain sterols, which can also promote cholesterol excretion. Third, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, because they contain vitamin C, potassium and magnesium. Vitamin C can lower cholesterol, enhance the density of blood vessels and prevent bleeding. Potassium and magnesium have protective effects on etiology and tube. Fourth, you can eat more foods rich in iodine, such as kelp, seaweed and shrimp. Iodine can reduce the deposition of cholesterol on the arterial wall and prevent arteriosclerosis. Fifth, the daily amount of salt should be kept below 6 grams, because salt contains a lot of sodium ions, which can increase blood volume and heart burden, increase blood viscosity, and thus raise blood pressure, which is not good for stroke patients. Sixth, avoid alcohol, strong tea, coffee, spicy spices and other foods that stimulate the nervous system. In addition, eating less chicken soup and broth is beneficial to protect the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems and the nervous system, and overeating is also necessary.