(1) Procurement requirements for materials and accessories
1. Light steel skeleton is divided into U-shaped skeleton and T-shaped skeleton, and divided into people and people according to load.
2. The main components of light steel skeleton are large, medium and small keels; Accessories include hooks, connectors and hanging plug-ins.
3. Spare parts: suspenders, blue screws, nails and self-tapping screws.
4. According to the design instructions, various cover panels, such as aluminum battens or plastic battens, can be selected, and their material varieties, specifications and quality should meet the design requirements.
5. Binder: It should be selected according to the performance of the main material, and a bonding test should be done before use.
(2) Main machines and tools
The main machines are: chainsaw, toothless saw, nail gun, hand saw, hand planer, pliers, screwdriver, mover, square ruler, steel ruler, molten steel level, etc.
(3) Operating conditions
1.
During structural construction, the cast-in-place concrete floor slab or precast concrete floor slab should be flat-fell, and φ6~φ 10 reinforced concrete suspenders should be embedded according to the requirements of shooting meters. When there is no need to shoot meters, the steel suspenders should be embedded according to the layout position of the big keel. Why is the general spacing 900~ 1200mm?
2. When the wall column of the ceiling room is brick masonry, anti-corrosion wooden bricks should be embedded around the wall and column at the ceiling elevation position, and the spacing along the wall is 900~ 1200mm, and two or more wooden bricks should be buried on each side of the column.
3. After installing various pipes and ventilation pipes in the ceiling, determine the positions of lights, vents and various exposed orifices.
All kinds of materials are ready.
5. Before the ceiling cover panel is installed, the wet operation project of wall and ground shall be completed.
6. Set up the shelf of the operation platform for suspended ceiling construction.
7. Before large-scale construction, the light steel frame ceiling should be built into a model room, and the camber of the ceiling, the structural treatment of the lamp trough and vent, the block and the fixing method should be tested and recognized before large-scale construction.
(4) Operation technology
1. Process flow:
Elastic line → Install large keel suspender → Install large keel → Install middle keel → Install small keel → Install cotton cover → Install batten → Brush antirust paint.
2. Laying out: According to the floor elevation line, measure vertically to the design elevation of the roof [shed] with a ruler, bounce the ceiling elevation along the wall and column, and draw the demarcation line on the wall along the horizontal line of the ceiling elevation.
3. Installation of large keel suspender: After the ceiling elevation horizontal line and keel position line are played, determine the elevation of the lower end of the suspender, and connect and fix the end of the suspender without bolts and threads with the rigid reinforcement embedded in the floor according to the position of the large keel and the hanging spacing.
4. Install the big keel
① Install the boom nut.
(2) Install the hanger on the big keel in advance.
③ Installation of large keel: assemble the large keel of the hanger, make the hanger pass through the required hanger nut according to the position of the step line, and tighten the nut.
(4) Connection of the large keel: Install the connector, and adjust the elevation by pulling the wire to make it arch and straight.
⑤. Install a large keel at the mouth of the cave, and set the connection card according to the corresponding node structure of the atlas.
6. Fix the side keel with nails. When there is no requirement in the design, the nail spacing is1000 mm..
5. Install the middle keel:
(1). Press the ladder line of the keel and clamp the keel hanger.
(2) Hanging the middle keel: according to the spacing of the middle keel specified in the design, hang the middle keel on the big keel through the hanger. When the design has no requirements, the general spacing is 500 ~ 600 mm
(3) When the length of the middle keel needs to be extended by more than one, connect the middle keel with the middle keel connecting head while hanging, and straighten and fix it.
6. Install the small keel:
(1). According to the laid small keel line, clamp the small keel and drop the pendant.
(2) Hanging small keel: according to the small keel spacing specified in the design, hang the small keel on the middle keel through the hanger. When the design has no requirements, the general spacing is 500 ~ 600 mm
(3). When the length of the small keel needs to be extended by more than one, connect the two ends with the small keel connector while hanging the small keel, and straighten it first and then fix it.
(4). When T-shaped keels are used to form light steel skeleton, when installing cover panels, small keels shall be installed with a blocking small keel for each cover panel.
7. Installation of the cover panel: Under the assembled and qualified light rigid frame, according to the specifications of the cover panel, a row of cover panels are installed from the middle of the ceiling based on the direction of the middle keel, and then installed on both sides. The spacing of self-tapping screws for fixing the cover plate is 200 ~ 300mm. ..
8. Brush antirust paint: light steel framework covers the ceiling of panel and the surface (such as embedded parts, pendants, connectors, nail accessories, etc.). ) Without antirust treatment, the welding place shall be painted with antirust paint before completion. This process should be on the cover.
In front of the board.
(5) Quality standards
According to articles 6.2.7 to 6.3 of GB-502 10-200 11.
(6) finished product protection
1. When installing light steel skeleton and cover panel, attention should be paid to protecting all kinds of pipelines in the ceiling. Derrick and keel of light steel frame are not allowed to be fixed on ventilation pipes and other equipment.
2. The ceiling materials such as light steel skeleton and cover panel shall be strictly managed during admission, storage and use to ensure no deformation, moisture and rust.
3. The doors and windows installed in the construction ceiling, the completed ground, wall and window sill should be protected to prevent fouling.
4. Installed light steel skeleton shall not be trampled by people here, and other types of work shall not be hung on the light steel skeleton.
5. In order to protect the finished product, the installation of the cover panel must be carried out after the acceptance of all processes such as pressure test and heat preservation of the pipeline in the shed.
(7) Quality problems that should be paid attention to.
1. Uneven ceiling: The reason is that the suspenders were not carefully leveled during the installation of the large keel, resulting in inconsistent elevation of each suspender point. During construction, the rigor of each lifting point should be checked and connected, and whether the elevation and flatness meet the requirements of design and construction specifications should be checked.
2. The local joint structure of light steel skeleton is unreasonable: keels and connectors should be set according to the corresponding joint structure in the drawings at the left holes, lamp openings and vents, so that the structure meets the requirements of the drawings and design.
3. The light steel frame is not firmly hung: the light steel frame of the ceiling should be hung on the main structure, and the suspender nut should be tightened to control the fixed design elevation; Pipes and equipment parts in the ceiling shall not be hung on the light steel frame.
4. The gap of the cover panel is not straight: pay attention to the specifications of the panel during construction, align the stay wires, and ensure straightness when installing and fixing.
5. The layering and blank holder are not tight or straight: stay wires should be used during construction, and then they should be fixed and pasted after alignment.
Lightweight steel keel gypsum board partition wall
First, the main materials and accessories requirements
1. Main components of light steel keel: along the top keel, along the ground keel, reinforcing keel, vertical keel and transverse keel shall meet the design requirements.
2. Accessories of light steel skeleton: supporting card, cato, angle brace, connecting piece, fixing piece, wall-attached keel, batten and other accessories shall meet the design requirements.
3. Fastening materials: nails, expansion bolts, galvanized self-tapping screws, wood screws and bonding caulking materials shall meet the design requirements.
4. Filling sound insulation material: choose according to the design requirements.
5. Cover plate: the specifications and thickness of gypsum board are selected by the designer or determined according to the requirements of drawings.
Second, the main machine
DC welding machine, electric toothless saw, hand electric drill, screwdriver, nail gun, wire pendant, guide rule, etc.
Third, the operating conditions
1. The foundation acceptance shall be completed before the construction of light steel skeleton and gypsum cover panel partition wall, and the installation of gypsum cover panel shall be carried out after the plastering of roof, ceiling and wall surface is completed.
2. When the partition wall has a pillow belt according to the design requirements, the light steel skeleton can be installed only after the construction of the pillow belt is completed and reaches the design level.
3. According to the design and construction drawing and material plan, verify all the materials of the partition wall to make it complete.
4. All materials must have material test reports and certificates.
Fourth, the operation process
1. process flow
Pay-off of light partition wall → Install door opening frame → Install top keel and ground keel →
Slope laying of vertical keel → installation of vertical keel → installation of horizontal keel clamp → installation of gypsum cover panel → construction joint practice → surface construction.
2. Setting-out: according to the design and construction drawing, set out the position line of partition wall, the edge line of door and window opening and the edge line of top keel position on the prepared ground or pillow belt.
3. Door opening frame installation: After setting out, install the door opening frame of the partition wall as designed.
4. Installation along the top keel and the ground keel: Install the top keel and the keel along the line according to the laid position line of the partition wall.
The ground keel is fixed on the main body with nails, and the nail spacing is 600 mm
5.
Vertical keel grading: according to the position of the entrance of the pay-off door of the partition wall, after the top keel is installed, the grading size is 450mm according to the specifications of the cover panel of 900mm or 1200mm, and the grading with insufficient modulus should avoid the position of the first cover panel at the edge of the door opening frame, so that the broken gypsum cover panel is not close to the hole opening frame.
6.
Installation of keel: install vertical keel according to the slope position, insert the upper and lower ends of vertical keel into the top keel and the ground keel respectively, and fix them with core-pulling rivets after vertical adjustment and accurate positioning; Keels against the wall and columns are fixed with nails or wooden screws, and the nail distance is1000 mm.
7. Installation of transverse retaining keel: According to the design requirements, when the height of partition wall is more than 3m, transverse retaining keel should be added and fixed with directional core-pulling rivets or bolts.
8. Install gypsum cover plate
1) Check the installation quality of the keel, whether the door opening frame meets the design and structural requirements, and whether the keel spacing meets the width modulus of gypsum board.
2)
Gypsum board is installed on one side, starting from the door, and the wall without door opening starts from one end of the wall. Gypsum board is generally fixed with self-tapping screws. Nail spacing of plate edge is 200mm, and plate spacing is 300 mm. The distance between screw and gypsum board edge shall not be less than 10mm, nor greater than 16 mm. When self-tapping screws are fixed, gypsum board must be close to keel.
3) Install electric tubes, boxes and box equipment in the wall.
4) Fire-proof, sound-proof and moisture-proof filling materials are installed in the wall, and they are installed together with the gypsum board on the other side.
5) Installation of gypsum board on the other side of the wall: The installation method is the same as that of gypsum board on the first side, and its joints should be staggered with the first side panel.
6) Install double-layer gypsum board: the fixing method of the second layer is the same as that of the first layer, but the joints of the third layer should be staggered from the first layer, and cannot fall on the same keel with the joints of the first layer.
9. Joint practice: There are three joint practices of gypsum board, namely, flat joint, concave joint and layering joint. Can be handled according to the following procedures.
1) Scraping caulking putty: Before scraping caulking putty, clean up the floating soil in the joint, embed the putty in the joint with a small scraper, and fill it with wooden boards and scrape it flat.
2) Bonding tie: After the caulking putty solidifies into its original shape, stick the tie material, and thin the joint first.
Scrape a thin layer of colloidal putty with a thickness of 1mm and a width of Rachel's bandwidth, then paste the adhesive tape, and scrape it with a middle scraper from top to bottom to drive out bubbles between the adhesive putty and the adhesive tape.
3) Scraping intermediate putty: Immediately after pasting the Rachel tape, scrape a layer of intermediate putty about 1mm thicker than the bandwidth of Rachel, so that the Rachel tape is buried in this layer of putty.
4) leveling putty: fill the wedge groove with putty with a big scraper and level the board surface.
10. wall decoration, gypsum board wall, according to the design requirements, can do all kinds of finishes.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) quality standard
The provisions in GB-502 1 7.3.9 to 7.4. 10 shall prevail and be strictly observed.
Six, finished product protection
1. During the construction of light steel keel partition wall, the installed articles shall be guaranteed not to be damaged in the workshop, and the electrical pipes and equipment in the wall shall not be moved, dislocated or damaged.
2. Light steel skeleton and gypsum board shall be properly kept during storage and use to ensure no deformation, moisture, pollution or damage.
3. Doors and windows, floors, walls and window sills installed on the construction site should be protected to prevent damage.
4. The installed wall shall not collide, damage or pollute the wall.
Seven, should pay attention to the quality problems
1.
Shrinkage and deformation of the wall, cracking of the board surface: The reason is that the vertical keel tightly supports the upper and lower keels, leaving no expansion and contraction, and the deformation joint of the wall with a length of more than 2m is not well controlled, resulting in wall deformation. There should be a gap of 3mm around the partition wall, which can reduce the deformation and cracks caused by the influence of temperature and humidity.
2. The connection of light steel skeleton is not firm, because the local nodes do not meet the structural requirements, and the local nodes should be handled in strict accordance with the drawings during installation. Nail spacing, location and connection method should meet the design requirements.
3. The unevenness of the wall cover panel is mostly caused by two reasons: one is the horizontal dislocation of keel installation, and the other is the inconsistent thickness of gypsum board.
Uneven seam and concave seam: the size of gypsum board seam is not easy to grasp; Pay attention to the step distance of plates during construction to ensure the consistency of drawing joints between plates.