Cucumber, a winter crop, is generally planted from late October to early February in 165438+/kloc-0. Before planting 10 ~ 15 days, remove stubble and weeds, and disinfect indoor space and soil in the shed. The growth period of cucumber in winter is long, and applying sufficient base fertilizer is the basis of high yield of cucumber. Under the general soil fertility level, 5000 kilograms of high-quality decomposed farmyard manure should be applied every 667㎡, and then turned 30 ~ 40 cm deep and raked flat.
In order to increase ventilation and light transmission between rows, promote root growth and enhance photosynthesis, cucumber was cultivated in winter in solar greenhouse with north-south plastic film mulching, large and small rows and ridge cultivation. The specific planting method is: first draw a line from one end 40cm away from the gable, and then draw a second line with a row spacing of 50cm, a third line with a row spacing of 80cm, and a fourth line with a row spacing of 50cm, thus forming large and small rows with row spacing of 80cm and 50cm. After drawing the line, open the north-south fertilization ditch in a straight line, and apply 5000-6000 kg of farm manure in the ditch. After the water seeps down, ditch in the big row to make a big ridge with a width of 80 cm and a height of 10- 13cm. The border is 50 cm wide and can be used as a working channel for production management after planting. Open a shallow ditch in the middle of the big ridge as a hidden ditch for irrigation under the film.
In the afternoon, when the light is weak, choose sunny days with plenty of sunshine, which is beneficial to slow down seedlings. When planting, open two planting ditches on the ridge platform, the ridge is 80 cm and the row spacing is 50 cm. The seedlings are selected neatly and uniformly, and the average plant spacing is 35 cm (the plant spacing on the south side is appropriately reduced and the plant spacing on the north side is appropriately increased), and 3000 ~ 3500 seedlings are protected every 667 meters. The seedlings should be lined up in the ditch with the same height. Apply diammonium phosphate or compound fertilizer between plants, and mix 230 ~ 40 kg with soil evenly every 667 meters. After the seedlings are released, sufficient planting water is poured into the ditch, and each seedling is watered about 1.5 liter when the soil moisture is sufficient.
After planting in the field for 3 days, most seedlings were delayed, and the ridges were closed and covered with plastic film. The planting depth of cucumber seedlings should be flush with the surface after ridge closure, and care should be taken not to bury grafted seedlings at the interface. After planting, level the ridge platform and ridge side with small wooden boards, lay drip irrigation pipe between rows, and then cover with plastic film.
Cover cucumber with plastic film in two rows in winter, with a row spacing of 50 cm, as shown in Figure 33. Select a plastic film roll with a width of 90 ~ 100 cm, and use two inverted square wooden benches to support the plastic film roll at the northern end of the ridge. At the same time, two people pull the plastic film from both sides of the ridge to the front foot of the greenhouse, bury it in the soil at the southern end of the ridge, and then come back to cut the plastic film and bury it in the soil at the northern end of the ridge. Finally, make a longitudinal opening on each seedling, lead the seedling out of the film, fix the plastic film, and seal the planting opening with wet soil.
Fig. 33 Schematic diagram of cucumber planting and plastic film mulching after overwintering in solar greenhouse (unit: cm)
Prompt board
When cucumber overwinters in greenhouse, the temperature and ground temperature are very high. Therefore, it is suitable for planting first and then covering with plastic film. This method is beneficial to improve the planting quality, irrigate enough planting water, and also prevent the film hole at the planting place from being too large, which will affect the warming and moisture conservation effect of plastic film.