196 1 eight policy contents

196 1 year, the central government put forward the eight-character policy of "adjusting, enriching, consolidating and improving", first of all, streamlining personnel and teams on a large scale. After the compression, the number of employees in the geological department basically recovered to the level of 1957. While streamlining the team and adjusting the structure, geophysical exploration as a new technology of geological work has been enriched and improved. Taking the Geophysical Exploration Bureau of the Ministry of Geology as an example, through adjustment, the petroleum geophysical exploration team has been changed from the original three brigades to six brigades, of which the fifth geophysical exploration brigade is the marine geophysical exploration brigade and the sixth geophysical exploration brigade is the institution specializing in comprehensive research of petroleum geophysical exploration. In addition, the Geophysical Exploration Bureau concentrated some technical backbones to set up the seventh, eighth and ninth geophysical exploration brigades of the Ministry of Geology, which mainly focus on solid mineral exploration, to undertake key exploration tasks in the southwest, northwest and middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River respectively. By streamlining the geophysical team, the proportion of technicians in the whole team has returned to a certain level. During this period, the Geophysical Exploration Bureau of the Ministry of Geology also organized major technical backbones to carry out business study in stages, including some new theoretical knowledge of mathematical physics, and exchanged work experience and lessons with each other. In geophysical exploration management, in view of the existing problems, organize forces to revise the geophysical exploration work plan, finance, labor and personnel, materials and equipment and other systems. In terms of technical management, a number of technical management systems have been revised, including design and report approval systems. From 1962, the Geophysical Exploration Bureau of the Ministry of Geology organized forces to systematically revise the specifications of various geophysical methods, which lasted for about two years, and published nine specifications, including magnetic method, electrical sounding method, electrical profiling method, charging method, seismic method, gravity method, logging method and geophysical mapping. Various industrial departments have also formed various unique geophysical exploration methods and procedures. Compared with the previous codes, these codes are more suitable for the actual situation in China [1].

After the victory of Daqing Battle, a large number of geological and geophysical teams from the Ministry of Petroleum moved to North China and established the General Command of North China Petroleum Exploration Battle. Based on 27 geophysical exploration teams in Songliao Campaign and 7 seismic teams transferred from East China, the Geological Survey Department of 64 1 Plant of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry was established (referred to as 64 1 Plant-to-Site Survey). Later, the Survey and Design Brigade of No.923 Plant in Shengli Oilfield was transferred to 64 1 Plant. 1965, 64 1 factory was renamed as 646 factory, which became the unified management organization of petroleum geophysical exploration team under the direct command of the Ministry of Petroleum. 1On July 24th, 973, the Petroleum Geophysical Exploration Bureau of the Ministry of Combustion and Chemical Industry was formally established in xushui county, Hebei Province, where No.646 Factory is located. This is the largest geophysical exploration institution in China with oil exploration as its main task [2].

During this period, various departments made full use of the respective characteristics and advantages of geological, geophysical, geochemical and prospecting projects through typical tests and experience summary, rationally combined and coordinated their operations, which significantly improved the efficiency of exploration work. The Ministry of Geology decided to implement the comprehensive geological survey and exploration of "four combinations of geology, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration and prospecting engineering" in the whole system. The metallurgical department has popularized the successful experience of "geological, geophysical and geochemical exploration" for prospecting. The coal department put forward comprehensive geological exploration. After the experience gained from the "Battle" in Daqing, the Ministry of Petroleum organized a series of exploration battles featuring "geophysical prospecting first" in key exploration areas. These battles are based on the principle of "concentrating forces to fight annihilation", and dozens of geophysical teams (mainly seismic teams) are often concentrated to complete the structural investigation and detailed investigation of the whole depression in a short time according to the unified deployment, and quickly obtain the contiguous structural detailed investigation map of the whole exploration area, providing the most urgently needed information for the rapidly expanding oil and gas achievements. For example, the Ministry of Petroleum 1963 organized oil exploration campaigns in North China, 1964 in Sichuan, 1968 in Liaohe, 1969 in Jianghan and 1969 in Jizhong. 1975, after Renqiu broke through the buried hill oilfield, the Geophysical Exploration Bureau of the Ministry of Combustion and Chemical Industry organized a petroleum seismic exploration battle in North China, and concentrated more than 70 seismic teams (a considerable part of which were digital seismic teams) throughout the country. All the data are processed by computer, aiming at finding the oil-bearing structure of buried hill in North China and finding out the internal structural form of buried hill as much as possible.

Similar exploration activities were widely used by various departments in the 1960s and 1970s. The geological department organized the battle between chromite and rich iron ore, and the coal department also organized many coal field exploration battles. Most of these campaigns have achieved certain results, but there are also some problems and lessons. The key is to have a correct geological premise, followed by following the basic exploration procedures, rational use of geophysical methods, and strict organization and coordination.