Bian He presented jade
In the Spring and Autumn Period, Bian He, a native of Chu, obtained a jade in Jingshan (now in Nanzhang County and Baokang County, Xiangfan City) and presented it to King Li of Chu. . The jade worker mistakenly judged it as a stone, and King Li amputated Bian He's left foot on the charge of fraud. After King Wu succeeded to the throne, he went to present the jade stone again, but the jade worker said it was a stone, so King Wu cut off his right foot. After King Wen succeeded to the throne, Bian He cried at the foot of Jingshan Mountain holding the jade. King Wen sent people to inquire, and Bian He complained about his injustice. King Wen had the jade workers cut open the jade, and the result was a precious jade, which was called "He's Bi". After Qin Shihuang unified the world and obtained the Heshi Bi, he ordered Prime Minister Li Si to engrave the words "I was ordered by heaven to obtain Yongchang" on it as a national treasure. I don't know where I ended up. ?
Battle of Siege
In 703 BC, the already powerful Ba State wanted to make good relations with Deng State (the city is located in Dengcheng Village, 6 kilometers north of present-day Fancheng). Seek the consent of Chu State. Chu sent envoy Daoshuo and Ba's envoy Hanfu to the state of Deng. When Daoshuo and Hanfu reached the southern border of Deng, they were robbed and killed by the people of Deng. Therefore, the state of Chu sent Doulian to lead an army and join forces with the Pakistani army to attack the state of Chu. Deng Guo sent his adopted nephew and Shan's nephew to lead the army to rescue the country, and contained the siege of the Bachu coalition forces. Later, Chu and Ba attacked from the front and back, and Deng's army was defeated due to being attacked from both sides. The people also fled at night. The battle between Chuba and Deng was the earliest war recorded in writing that took place in the land of Xiangfan. ?
Chu built Beijin
In the last year of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Zhou royal family was weakening day by day. Chu took advantage of the situation and began to expand its military outwards. After Xiong You, Xiong E, and Ruoao, Chu moved southward, broke through Jingshan, moved its capital from Danyang to Ying, and took Jingzhou to lay its foundation. Around the fiftieth year of King Wu of Chu (691 BC), Chu destroyed Luo and Lu, and used Xiangyang as an important crossing and military fortress to move north into the Central Plains and expand eastward, which was called Beijin.
Chu destroyed the state of Deng
The state of Deng was an early developer north of the Han River in present-day Xiangfan, and its city was located in the northern suburbs of Fancheng. In the twelfth year of King Wen of Chu (678 BC), the Chu army crossed the Han River, destroyed Deng, and expanded its power to the north of the Han River. Dengcheng is the earliest known city in Xiangfan area.
Xiangyang County was established in the Western Han Dynasty
Xiangyang County was established in the early Western Han Dynasty. Xiangyang City was built in about the sixth year of Emperor Gaodi (201 BC). Xiangyang City in the Western Han Dynasty is suspected to be located on the Han River northwest of today's Xiangyang Ancient City. Most of the northwest part of the city site has been submerged in the river. The establishment of Xiangyang County has lasted for more than 2,000 years and has remained unchanged to this day, but why Xiangyang got its name remains to be verified. ?
Liu Biao moved to Xiangyang as the seat of Jingzhou
In the first year of Chuping of the Eastern Han Dynasty (190), Sun Jian, the governor of Changsha, killed the king of Jingzhou governor, and the imperial edict named Liu Biao as the governor of Jingzhou. At that time, there was a war in the south of the Yangtze River, and Liu Biao could not go to his post, so he entered Yicheng alone and asked Kuai Yue from Nanjun and Cai Mao from Xiangyang to help him occupy Xiangyang City. It's winter this year, Li? Liu Biao was appointed as the general of Zhennan and the pastor of Jingzhou, and he was granted the title of Marquis of Wu. Xiangyang was then made the seat of Jingzhou. At that time, Jingzhou administered eight counties: Changsha, Lingling, Guiyang, Wuling, Jiangxia, Nanyang, Nanjun, and Zhangling. When chaos broke out in the Central Plains, Liu Biao made Xiangyang "bordered by Wuling in the south and Hanchuan in the north. It covers an area of ??thousands of miles and has more than 100,000 troops", making it a relatively stable area in the turbulent society at that time. The ancient city of Xiangyang that has been preserved to this day may have been built at this time.
Longzhong Duel
In the twelfth year of Jian'an (207) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Bei stationed his army in Xinye. Because of Xu Shu's recommendation, he "visited the thatched cottage three times" in Longzhong and invited Zhuge Liang to come out. After meeting each other, Zhuge Liang proposed the strategy of occupying Jing and Yi Prefectures, making peace with all the ethnic groups in the southwest, uniting with Sun Quan, rectifying internal affairs, and waiting for an opportunity to attack Cao Cao from the north from Jing and Yi Prefectures, in an attempt to unify China and restore the Liu Han empire. This is the famous "Longzhong pair" in history. Later, Liu Bei generally based on this plan, established the Shu Han regime, forming a three-part world structure with Cao Wei and Sun Wu. ?
The Seventh Army Flooded
In the 24th year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (219), Liu Bei sent general Guan Yu north to attack Cao Ren who was stationed in Fancheng. Cao Cao sent Yu Jin and Pang De to reinforce Cao Ren and garrison in the area of ??Shaokouchuan, Jiezhanggang and Tuanshanpu in the north of Fancheng. It was August, the rain was pouring, the Han River surged, and the water in the plains was more than ten feet deep. Yu Jin, Pang De and other generals climbed a hill to avoid the water. Guan Yu took advantage of Cao's army's mistake of garrisoning troops in low-lying areas in summer and ordered his sailors to take advantage of the large ships that had been prepared to attack Cao's army who were trapped on the top of various hills. Pang De tried his best to fight, but was defeated and was captured and killed by Guan Yu. Yu Jin and the seven troops he led all died in the water. This is the famous story in history that Guan Yu flooded seven armies. ?
The Battle of Xiangfan between the Qin and Jin Dynasties
In the 14th year of Jianyuan of the former Qin Dynasty (378), Fu Jian, the founder of the Qin Dynasty, led 70,000 troops to attack Xiangyang, and Gou Chi led 40,000 troops to Wudanghui. Attack Xiangyang. Zhu Xu, the governor of Liangzhou in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, reported that the Qin army had no ships and was unprepared. The Qin army crossed the river with 5,000 horses and hundreds of boats. The whole army crossed the river. Zhu Xu withdrew from the city and held it for 8 months. Qin Fujian was furious and ordered Fupi to capture Xiangyang the following spring, "otherwise he will commit suicide and he will not be allowed to survive." Fu Pi then stepped up his offensive. The Jin army Huan Chong led 70,000 troops and did not dare to come forward to help. Fu Pi pretended to retreat. Zhu Xu counterattacked and won a small victory, so he slacked off. The Qin army bribed Li Bohu as an internal response, and in the fifteenth year of Jianyuan (379), they suddenly attacked the city, defeated Xiangyang, and captured Zhu Xu. ?
Yue Fei regained Xiangyang
In the early Southern Song Dynasty, the Jin soldiers trapped Xiangyang for 6 years and was ruled by the puppet Qi regime. In the fourth year of Shaoxing (1134), Yue Fei wrote to Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty: "The six counties of Xiangyang are dangerous and strategic. Restoring the Central Plains is the basis." Then he led his troops to march west from Ezhou and forced Xiangyang.
The puppet Qi garrison general Li Cheng used cavalry to guard the river embankment and infantry to guard the plains to fight. Yue Fei used spear infantry to attack his cavalry, and his cavalry to attack his infantry. He drove Li Cheng's cavalry into the Han River. The horses trampled the infantry with numerous casualties. Li Cheng was defeated at night, and Yue Fei occupied Xiangyang. In the sixth year of Shaoxing (1136), Yue Fei marched into the Central Plains via Xiangyang and recovered Shangzhou, Shaanxi and western Henan. However, because Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty insisted on the policy of compromise and power preservation, Yue Fei was forced to withdraw and garrison in Ezhou. ?
The Battle of Xiangfan in the Song and Yuan Dynasties
In the fifth year of Xianchun in the Southern Song Dynasty (1269), the Mongolian soldiers besieged Xiangyang. The Southern Song Dynasty sent Li Tingzhi, the ambassador of the Lianghuai pacification system, to supervise the rescue and support Xiangyang. Guard general Lu Wenhuan defeated the Mongolian soldiers many times. In the seventh year of Xianchun (1271), Kublai Khan formally established the Yuan Dynasty. He took the capture of Xiangyang as an outpost to advance southward to destroy the Song Dynasty, and increased his troops to besiege it. By the next year, there was a serious shortage of firewood, rice, and cloth in Xiangyang City. Li Tingzhi built hundreds of ships in the upper reaches of Qingni River in the west of the city and recruited 3,000 militiamen. Militia generals Zhang Shun and Zhang Gui led their troops to break through the Yuan army's encirclement and sent supplies into Xiangyang City. Zhang Shun died in the battle. Later Zhang Gui went out of the city to ask for reinforcements and was killed by the Yuan army. In the west of Xiangyang City, there was originally a Shuang Martyrs' Temple to commemorate Er Zhang. In the ninth year of Xianchun (1273), the Yuan army concentrated its navy and army to attack Fancheng with artillery. The defenders Fan Tianshun, Niu Fu and Wang Fu died in the battle one after another. After the Yuan army occupied Fancheng, they concentrated more artillery to attack Xiangyang City. The Southern Song generals in the city were tired of fighting, and the main general Lu Wenhuan took advantage of the situation and surrendered to the Yuan Dynasty. Xiangyang fell. The Battle of Xiangfan in the Song and Yuan Dynasties lasted more than five years and was one of the longest siege battles in the history of world wars. ?
Li Zicheng became king of Xiangjing
In the 16th year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1643), Li Zicheng, the leader of the peasant uprising army, led 100,000 rebels to seize Xiangyang and occupied Xiangyang Prefecture. It governed Yicheng, Gucheng, Zaoyang, Guanghua, and Junzhou, changed Xiangyang to "Xiangjing", and established himself as King Xinshun. Soon, with Xiangyang as the base, he led his troops northward to conquer Xi'an. In the first month of the following year, he made Xi'an the capital of Xijing and established the country of Dashun. He called himself King of Dashun and took the reign name Yongchang. In February, he marched straight to Beijing and overthrew the Ming Dynasty.
White Lotus Sect Uprising
In the first year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (1796), Qi Lin from Xiangyang called on the White Lotus Sect to prepare for an uprising. His wife Wang Conger (1777-1798) led Qi Lin's apprentices Yao Zhifu, Gao Junde, Wang Tingzhao and others to Huanglong in Xiangyang County? uprising. Wang Conger led tens of thousands of people to conquer several prefectures and counties. The following year, he joined various rebel armies in Sichuan and was promoted as the overall leader. He moved to Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei, and Henan. In the third year of Jiaqing (1798), Wang Conger moved from Shaanxi to Hubei and was surrounded by the Qing army in Xiehuapo, Yunxi. He failed to break through the encirclement many times and finally died heroically by jumping off a cliff. Under the leadership of Li Quan, Gao Junde, Xu Tiande and others, the rebel army continued to fight against the Qing Dynasty for nine years. ?
Jianghuhui Uprising
In the tenth month of the lunar calendar in 1911, Jianghu members and the masses in Guanghua, Xiangyang and other places learned of the success of the Revolution of 1911. They were greatly encouraged and prepared to respond with an uprising. On the seventh night of the seventh lunar month, the main backbone of Jianghuhui held an all-night meeting at Baoling Temple and decided to stage an uprising the next day, taking advantage of the fact that the military and political dignitaries from Guanghua and Laohekou attended the banquet of Xing Fu'an, the great gentleman from Laohekou. After the victory of the uprising, the rebel army immediately divided its land and water routes to march directly to Xiangfan. Xiangyang was captured on the morning of the 10th, and a meeting was held at Zhaomingtai in the city at noon. It was agreed to establish the Xiangyang Military and Government Branch Office and the Branch Office, with Zhang Guoquan as the commander, and Li Xiuang and others as co-controllers. On the 11th, Li Xiuang led his troops to Fancheng. After the rebel army regained Xiangfan, they issued a proclamation in the name of the military and political branch, calling all counties to revolt immediately. Subsequently, the affiliated counties were recovered one after another.
Jingxiang Independent Movement
In 1917, Li Tiancai, who was the commander of the 9th Division of the Beiyang Army and the envoy of Xiangyun Town at the time, established the military government to protect the law in Guangzhou in response to Sun Yat-sen's movement to protect the law. In response to the call of the movement, he declared independence at the Drum Tower of Xiangyang City and became known as the Commander-in-Chief of the Hubei Jingguo Allied Forces. Li joined forces with Wang Anlan of Zaoyang and Suizhou to the east, Guo Jian of Shaanxi to the west, Wang Tianzong of Henan to the north, and Shi Xingchuan of Jingsha to the south. On January 4, 1918, Li organized the headquarters of the three provincial coalition forces in Xiangyang, and Li Tiancai was promoted. Appointed as Commander-in-Chief. The Beiyang warlord Duan Qirui's government dispatched First Route Commander-in-Chief Cao Kun, Hubei Governor Wang Zhanyuan, and Henan Governor Zhao Ti to lead their troops to attack Xiangyang, but the independent movement failed. ?
Huangmei Opera classic "The Consort"
The young girl Feng Suzhen and the young Li Zhaoting were classmates since childhood. When they grew up, they entered into a mutual agreement. Later, Li's father was murdered by a traitor, and his family fell into decline. Zhaoting returned to his hometown to avoid trouble and went to the Feng family to borrow money. Suzhen's stepmother Wang forced him to break off the engagement. Suzhen loved Zhaoting deeply, so they met in the back garden and gave her a hundred taels of silver as a gift to help her in need. He also gave a jade unicorn as a gift to show that he would never change his mind. Unexpectedly, Wang arrived upon hearing the news and falsely accused Zhaoting of being a thief. He was sent to the official for investigation and Suzhen was married to another man. Suzhen refused to obey, so she disguised herself as a man and went to Beijing to look for her brother.
Shaoying was nowhere to be found. She happened to see the imperial examination list. Desperate to make a living, she pretended to be Li Zhaoting and took the examination, and won the top prize. The emperor saw his outstanding talent and appearance and recruited him as his consort. Suzhen couldn't refuse and was very anxious.
Zhang Shaomin, the inspector of the Eight Prefectures, came to visit the new champion. After exchanging pleasantries, Suzhen recognized that he was actually her brother Feng Shaoying. The two of them were planning an escape plan, but unexpectedly an imperial edict came, ordering the prince-in-law to enter the palace and marry the princess immediately. On the night of the wedding, the princess suddenly became suspicious when she saw that the prince-in-law was still refusing to go to bed. After repeated questioning, Suzhen was forced to reveal her true feelings. The princess was furious and wanted to confront her father to punish Suzhen for deceiving the emperor. Suzhen made a sincere speech, knowing the pros and cons. In order to preserve the princess's reputation and the royal reputation, it was better not to make it public.
The next day, the princess asked her father to pardon Suzhen. The emperor was forced by the situation and accepted Suzhen as his adopted daughter. Feng Shaoying went to the palace to plead guilty on behalf of her sister. The prime minister took this opportunity to act as a matchmaker and asked Shaoying to be recruited as a horse. Suzhen rescued Zhaoting, and Zhaoting was named the number one scholar. The palace was decorated with lanterns and decorations, and the two princes-in-law got married at the same time!
Three visits to the thatched cottage
From Zhuge Liang's "Execution Model" of Shu in the Three Kingdoms: "The late emperor did not regard his ministers as despicable, and he was arrogant and unjust, and he paid three respects to his ministers. "In the thatched cottage"
At the end of the Han Dynasty, the Yellow Turban Rebellion broke out and the world was in chaos. Cao Cao took control of the court, Sun Quan supported Soochow, and Liu Bei, the shepherd of Yuzhou, heard from Xu Shu and Sima Hui that Zhuge Liang was very knowledgeable. , and talented, he, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei took gifts to Wollongong in Longzhong (now southwest of Xiangyang City, Hubei Province) to invite Zhuge Liang to assist him. It happened that Zhuge Liang was out that day, and Liu Bei had to go back disappointed. Soon, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei braved the heavy snowstorm to invite him for the second time. Unexpectedly, Zhuge Liang went out for a leisurely trip again. Zhang Fei was unwilling to come back, but when he saw that Zhuge Liang was not at home, he urged him to go back. Liu Bei had no choice but to leave a letter expressing his admiration for Zhuge Liang and asking him to come out to help him save the country's dangerous situation. After some time, after Liu Bei had been on a vegetarian diet for three days, he was ready to invite Zhuge Liang again. Guan Yu said that Zhuge Liang may have a false reputation and may not have real talent and learning, so there is no need to go. Zhang Fei, on the other hand, insisted that he call him alone. If he didn't come, he would be tied up with a rope. Liu Bei scolded Zhang Fei and asked Zhuge Liang for the third time. When they arrived at Zhuge Liang's house, it was already noon and Zhuge Liang was sleeping. Liu Bei did not dare to disturb him. He stood there until Zhuge Liang woke up and then sat down to talk to each other.
Zhuge Liang saw that Liu Bei was determined to do things for the country and sincerely asked for his help, so he came out to help Liu Bei establish the Shuhan Dynasty. "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" refers to Liu Bei's three personal invitations to Zhuge Liang as "Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage". In Zhuge Liang's famous "Chu Shi Biao", there is also a sentence: "The late emperor did not regard his ministers as despicable, and he was arrogant and wronged himself. He paid three respects to his ministers in the thatched cottage." So when people in later generations saw someone personally going to that person's home several times in order to ask someone he admired to come out to help them, they quoted this sentence to describe the desire and sincerity of the invitation. That means not being ashamed to ask questions and seeking talents with an open mind.
In the twelfth year of Jian'an (207), when Zhuge Liang was 27 years old, Liu Bei "visited the thatched cottage three times" in Longzhong, Nanyang, met with Zhuge Liang, and asked about the plan to unify the world. Zhuge Liang analyzed the situation at the time incisively and put forward First, seize Jing and Yi as base areas, reform politics internally, unite with Sun Quan externally, pacify the Yiyue in the south, and reconcile with the Rong in the west. Wait for the opportunity, send troops from both directions to the north, and thus unify the grand blueprint of the country's strategic thinking. This conversation is the grand blueprint The famous "Longzhong Pair".