■ Urban nature
Beijing is the capital of People's Republic of China (PRC), the political and cultural center of China, a world-famous ancient capital and a modern international city.
■ Urban positioning
National Capital: Strengthen the function of the capital according to the central government's requirements for Beijing's "four services".
International City: With the goal of building a world city, we will constantly enhance Beijing's position and role in the world urban system.
Historical city: carry forward historical culture, protect the style of historical and cultural city, and form a world cultural city with high integration and diversification of traditional culture and modern civilization.
Livable city: create sufficient employment and entrepreneurial opportunities and build a livable city with fresh air, beautiful environment and good ecology.
■ Urban function
The seat of the leading organs of the central party, government and army.
The location of embassies of countries with diplomatic relations in China, the main location of international organizations in China, and the main place where the highest-level foreign exchange activities of the country take place.
The location of major cultural, news, publishing, film and television institutions in China, the venue of large-scale cultural and sports activities in China, and the gathering place of universities and research institutes in China.
National economic decision-making, management, national market access and supervision institutions, headquarters of state-owned enterprises, locations of major national financial and insurance institutions and related social organizations, and high-tech innovation, research and development and production bases.
International famous tourist destination, ancient capital cultural tourism, international tourism portal and service base.
Important intercontinental aviation gateway and international aviation hub, national railway and highway hub.
Urban development
■ Three stages
In the first stage, we will comprehensively promote all the work in the capital, strive to take the lead in basically realizing modernization in the whole country, and build the basic framework of a modern international city; In the second stage, around 2020, we will strive to realize modernization in an all-round way and establish the status of a modern international city with distinctive characteristics; In the third stage, around 2050, we will build a city with comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable economic, social and ecological development and enter the ranks of world cities.
■ The tertiary industry exceeds 70%
Take the new road of industrialization with high technology content, low resource consumption, less environmental pollution and give full play to the advantages of human resources, and vigorously develop circular economy. Relying on the advantages of science and technology, talents and information, we will strengthen the leading role of high technology, actively develop modern service industry, high-tech industry and modern manufacturing industry, continuously improve the comprehensive competitiveness of the capital economy, and promote the sustained, rapid and healthy development of the capital economy. Accelerate the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, continuously expand the scale of tertiary industry, accelerate the development of service industry, and strive to improve quality and level. Deepen the adjustment of agricultural structure, actively develop modern agriculture and promote the progress of agricultural science and technology.
The proportion of tertiary industry exceeds 70%, the proportion of secondary industry remains around 29%, and the proportion of primary industry falls below 1%. In 2020, the per capita GDP will exceed $65,438+0,000.
■ "Ecological Beijing"
Cooperate with Hebei, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia to strengthen the co-construction of regional ecological environment and comprehensive management of river basins, establish a stable regional ecological network, and strengthen the construction of ecological barriers in Yanshan and Taihang Mountains.
Strengthen the protection and construction of ecological forest land in plain areas. Delineate restricted construction areas, effectively protect ecologically sensitive areas such as forests, rivers, lakes and wetlands, and actively carry out ecological environment construction such as green isolation belts, forest parks, ecological corridors and urban public green spaces.
Strict implementation of environmental emission standards. Control air, water, noise and solid waste pollution, and strengthen supervision and management of key pollution sources. Optimize the energy structure and save energy.
■ The main development direction of Beijing is in the east and south.
The western and northern parts of Beijing are mountainous areas (including shallow mountainous areas), which are rich in historical and cultural heritage. This area is also a green ecological barrier and main water source protection area in Beijing, which is of great significance to Beijing's ecological environment and sustainable development and is not suitable for large-scale population and industrial agglomeration.
The eastern, southern and southwest plains of Beijing are the areas with the best construction conditions in Beijing. There are major traffic routes leading to the Northeast, North China, South China and other important economic zones, and there are few constraints on urban development, which is suitable for large-scale population and industrial agglomeration and is the main direction of urban development.
Industrial distribution
The primary industry develops modern urban agriculture, extending to secondary production and tertiary production, and gradually improving the comprehensive agricultural production capacity and economic benefits. The secondary industry will take the road of new industrialization, and accelerate the formation of a new industrial pattern with high-tech industries and modern manufacturing industries as the main body, based on the traditional advantageous industries after optimization and transformation, and urban industries as an important supplement. Restrict and transfer industries with high consumption and heavy pollution that do not have resource conditions. The tertiary industry focuses on developing modern service industry and cultural industry.
■ Western and northern mountainous areas will focus on developing agriculture with mountain advantages and characteristics, such as sightseeing agriculture, fruit planting and aquaculture.
■ In plain areas, vigorously develop high value-added agriculture such as facility agriculture, sightseeing agriculture and agricultural product processing. Form a number of agricultural areas that are integrated with the greening of the big environment and improve the overall ecological environment of the city.
■ With Zhongguancun as the core, improve the layout structure of high-tech industries with one district and many parks.
■ Take Yizhuang as the core to form a high-tech industrial belt along the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Expressway.
■ Wangfujing, Xidan and Qianmen (including Dashilan and Liulichang) will be built into commercial and cultural tourist areas.
■ Gongzhufen, Muxiyuan, Wangjing, Beiyuan and Shijingshan will be built into a comprehensive business circle integrating commerce, culture, leisure and entertainment.
■ Shunyi, Tongzhou, Yizhuang and other new cities will be built into comprehensive business districts with a certain scale.
■ Build a logistics system based on airport, Mazhuqiao, Liangxiang and other logistics bases.
■ Beijing will become the most influential international exhibition city in Asia. Construction of comprehensive exhibition centers in Shunyi, Tongzhou, Chaoyang shibalidian and Shijingshan; Build an international conference center in the Olympic Center, integrate and improve the service level on the basis of existing facilities in Huairou, Miyun and other new urban areas, and build a number of conference training centers.
■ Build and cultivate six cultural centers (National Cultural Performance Center, Publishing and Copyright Trading Center, Film and Television Program Production and Trading Center, Cultural Exhibition Center, Antique Art Trading Center, Animation and Online Game Production and Trading Center).
■ Actively support the private education industry and build it into a national training industry base.
■ In areas with good traffic conditions on the east, west and south central axes of the city, large-scale leisure and entertainment land will be reserved. Vigorously develop tourism with the characteristics of the capital.
■ Provide necessary housing security for low-income residents and develop the real estate industry.
Social undertakings
■ Reserve administrative office space in Nanyuan, Tongzhou or areas along Chaobai River and North Canal, and no large-scale administrative office facilities will be arranged in the old city.
■ Museums should increase the number, improve the quality and expand the variety. Strengthen the construction of district (county) youth activity centers, cultural centers and libraries, and ensure the supporting construction of street (town) and community cultural facilities.
■ Establish three domestic first-class medical services, preventive health care and health supervision systems.
Construct a medical service system based on regional comprehensive medical centers and community health service centers (stations).
Gradually open the medical service market and establish a social investment and financing mechanism.
■ In 2020, the main indicators of Beijing's national health should reach the domestic advanced level, close to the international advanced level.
■ Xincheng and Marginal Group achieve the goal of 0.6~0.7 square meters of land per capita for public sports facilities.
■ To adapt to the aging trend and demand of urban population, establish a three-level old-age service system at city, district (county) and community (rural).
■ Build three units of residents' life: basic community (community neighborhood committee, 3,000 ~10,000 people), functional community (4~6 community neighborhood committees) and street community (65,438+10,000 people), and integrate the construction of grass-roots government organizations and autonomous organizations, life service, property management and public security into community construction.
Population size
■ The total population is controlled at180,000.
In 2020, the planned population size of Beijing will be controlled at around180,000, and the average annual growth rate will be controlled within 1.4%. Among them, the registered population is about 654.38+03.5 million, and the migrant population who has lived for more than half a year is about 4.5 million.
■ The agricultural population will further decrease1180,000.
In 2003, the agricultural population was 3 1.8 million, and it will drop to about 2 million in 2020, accounting for about 1% of the city's population.
■ The central city has a population of 8.5 million, actively guiding the rational distribution of the population. By evacuating the industry and population of central cities, the urbanization process will be vigorously promoted, and the population will gather in new cities and small towns. In 2020, the population of the central city is planned to be within 8.5 million, the population of the new city is about 5.7 million, and the population of small towns and urban agglomerations is about 6.5438+0.8 million.
■ 165438+ 10,000 people moved out of the central area of the central city.
Strictly control the population size of the central city, further relieve the population of the old city, and rationally adjust the population distribution of the central city. The population in the downtown area of the central city has dropped from the current 6.5 million to 5.4 million, with the number of people moving out 165438+ 10,000, and the resident population in the old city is controlled at around 165438+ 10,000. The population of marginal groups is about 2.7 million, and the population of green isolation areas and peripheral areas is about 400 thousand.
■ 55% of people have reached college education or above.
In 2000, 65,438+06.84% people received university education, and in 2002, there were 3,328 professional technicians per 10,000 employees. According to the forecast, in 2020, the education level of college or above will reach 55%, and there will be 8,000 professional technicians for every 10,000 employees.
Land use scale
In 2003, the city's urban construction land was about 1 150 square kilometers, and the per capita construction land was about1kloc-0/square meter, including 76 square meters in the central city and 0/62 square meters in the outer suburbs. According to the Standard for Urban Land Classification and Planning Construction Land (GBJ 137-90), the planning per capita construction land index of the capital and special economic zone cities should be determined between 105 square meters and 120 square meters. This plan adopts the minimum standard of per capita construction land105m2.
■ All construction land1650km2.
In 2020, the scale of construction land in Beijing will be controlled at 1650 square kilometers, and the per capita construction land will be controlled at 105 square meters. The scale of urban construction land in the central city is about 778 square kilometers, and the per capita construction land is controlled at 92 square meters.
The scale of new town construction land is about 640 square kilometers, and the per capita construction land is controlled at 1 12 square meters.
The scale of construction land in cities and towns is about 2 12 square kilometers, and the per capita construction land is controlled within 120 square meters.
■ Ensure an ecological space of 3,500 square kilometers.
The total area of Beijing Plain is about 6,338 square kilometers, including at least 3,500 square kilometers of ecological space.
Regional coordination
■ Promote Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei cooperation
The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area consists of two municipalities directly under the Central Government, namely Beijing and Tianjin, and seven cities around Beijing and Tianjin, namely Tangshan, Chengde, Zhangjiakou, Baoding, Langfang, Qinhuangdao and Cangzhou. It is one of the core economic regions in the coastal areas of China and an important region for China's economic and social development and participation in global competition. Its internal cooperation is of great significance to the economic and social development of each constituent region.
From a national perspective, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area is one of the three metropolitan areas, but compared with the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta, regional overall planning and overall development are obviously insufficient.
With the development of the socialist market economy, there is great potential for cooperation among the constituent regions of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area. The eastern, southern and southeastern parts of Beijing are closely related to Tianjin, Hebei and other places in industry and transportation, and show a good development trend. In particular, the Beijing-Tianjin urban development corridor has strategic resources such as airports, ports, railways and expressways, and has a good foundation and conditions for developing towns along the traffic axis.
Actively promote economic cooperation and coordinated development in the Bohai Rim region, strengthen the coordinated development in industrial development, ecological construction, environmental protection, urban space and infrastructure layout in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and further enhance Beijing's comprehensive radiation-driven ability as a core city in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
■ Build a regional transportation network integrating land, sea and air.
Strengthen the coordination with the shipping system of the hub ports around Bohai Bay with Tianjin Port as the core, Jingtang Port (Wangtan Port Area and Caofeidian Port Area) and Qinhuangdao Port, establish a regional expressway and railway transportation system with Beijing as the core and a regional air transportation system with Beijing Capital Airport as the hub, and form a regional transportation network with land, sea and air integration and convenient connection at home and abroad.
■ Building Beijing-Tianjin Urban Development Corridor
In the core area of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, a regional spatial system with Beijing-Tianjin urban development corridor as the main axis, Jingtang, Jingshicheng town development corridor and Zhangjing and Jingcheng eco-economic corridor as the skeleton will be formed to realize regional coordinated development. (2005-03-04 )