"Xiaozhongshan·Dragon Boat Festival" is a small order written by Shu Di, a native of the Yuan Dynasty. This poem laments that the world is busy celebrating the festival and has forgotten the rich historical connotation of the Dragon Boat Festival. It expresses the deep memory of the patriotic poet Qu Yuan, and also expresses the author's loneliness and loneliness that are not understood by the world. The following is an appreciation of Shu Di's "Xiao Chong Mountain·Dragon Boat Festival" that I compiled for everyone. Welcome to refer to it~
"Xiao Chong Mountain·Dragon Boat Festival"
Dynasty: Yuan Dynasty
Author: Shu Di
Biai Cattail is busy everywhere. Whose family's sons and daughters celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival? Thinly wrapped five-color arm silk. Empty melancholy, who will pay tribute to Yuan Xiang again?
Don’t judge the past. Thousands of years of loyalty and loyalty, the sun shines brightly. I feel sad after reading "Li Sao". No one understands it, and the trees turn to shade at noon.
Translation
People are busy picking mugwort and cattails everywhere. Whose young men and women are preparing to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival? Five-color ribbons are wrapped around their arms, singing and dancing. I feel melancholy in my heart. Who else will commemorate Qu Yuan on the Dragon Boat Festival?
Don’t comment on the past. Qu Yuan’s loyalty and integrity can be compared with the sun and the moon. I always feel sad after reading "Li Sao". No one understands my mood, I can only enjoy the cool under the shade of the trees.
Notes
⑴Xiao Chongshan: the name of the word brand. Also known as "Xiao Chong Mountain Order". "Jin Lian Ji" enters "double tone". People in the Tang Dynasty used it to write "palace resentment", so it evokes sadness. Fifty-eight characters, with four flat rhymes in the front and back parts.
⑵ Dragon Boat Festival: The fifth day of the fifth lunar month, also known as the Duanyang Festival, the Noon Day Festival, etc., it is a traditional Chinese folk festival. It also commemorates the ancient patriotic poet Qu Yuan, who is said to have sunk into the Miluo River. There are customs such as wrapping rice dumplings and racing dragon boats.
⑶Biai: green mugwort. Cattail (pú): perennial herb. Commonly known as cattail grass. Grows near water or in ponds. The leaves are narrow and long, blooming in summer, and the male and female flower spikes are closely arranged on the same cob, shaped like a candle, with downy hair, which can be used as a pillow core; the leaves can be woven into mats, cattail bags, and fans. The pollen is called Puhuang and is used as a hemostatic agent. In the old days, there was a custom of hanging calamus, mugwort, wormwood, angelica and other plants at the door during the Dragon Boat Festival. Chen Ruyuan of the Ming Dynasty wrote in "The Golden Lotus": "The corners of millet are covered with gold, and the cattails are cut with jade. This is the place where dragon boats fly."
⑷Duanyang: Duanyang Festival, another name for the Dragon Boat Festival. Feng Yingjing of the Ming Dynasty's "Yue Ling Guangyi·Sui Ling Yi·Etiquette": "The first to fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the Daughter's Day, the third day is the fan market, the fifth day is the Dragon Boat Festival, and the 13th day is the Dragon Festival."
⑸Five-color arm silk: According to Jingchu custom, red, yellow, blue, white, and black five-color silk threads are tied on the arms during the Dragon Boat Festival. It is said that these colorful silk threads represent the five divine powers of the east, west, south, north, and middle, and can ward off evil spirits. Plague, people call it "long life line". It is said that these five colors symbolize the five-color dragon, which can subdue ghosts and monsters.
⑹Melancholy: Sadness and annoyance due to frustration or disappointment. "Chu Ci·Nine Bian": "I am alone, traveling alone without friends; melancholy, but feeling pity for myself."
⑺ Condolence: Condolences, condolences. Yuan (yuán) Xiang: the name of two waters, the combined name of Yuan River and Xiang River. The Yuan River originates from Guizhou and the Xiang River originates from Guangxi, and both flow into Dongting Lake through Hunan Province. After the Chu poet Qu Yuan was exiled during the Warring States Period, he wandered in Yuan and Hunan for a long time. Among the tributaries of the Xiang River is the Miluo River, where Qu Yuan sank. "Chu Ci·Li Sao": "When Ji Yuan and Xiang were conquering the south, they focused on China and made speeches." This refers to Qu Yuan.
⑻Past events: things in the past. "Xunzi·Chengxiang": "Observe the past and learn from yourself, and you can also recognize right and wrong when dealing with chaos." This refers to Qu Yuan's suicide by throwing himself into the river. On quantity (liáng): comment, calculation. Tang Wu Jing's "Zhenguan Politicians: On Appointment of Talents": "As for measuring people, let's speak straightforwardly."
⑼ Thousands of years: extremely long time. "Elegy Poems" by Tao Yuanming of Jin Dynasty: "As soon as the secret room is closed, there will be no more dynasty for a thousand years." Loyalty: loyalty, righteousness and righteousness. "Book of the Later Han Huan Dian Biography": "After Emperor Xian ascended the throne, before the three Dukes played the ceremony, he and He Jin planned to kill the eunuch. Although the success failed, his loyalty and righteousness were outstanding." This refers to Qu Yuan's loyalty and loyalty.
⑽Sunlight and Starlight: Qu Yuan's "Nine Chapters: Crossing the River": "As long as the sky and the earth are, and as bright as the sun and the moon." This sentence means that Qu Yuan's loyalty and integrity will never be extinguished, just like the sun Like the brightness of the stars.
⑾Lisao: refers to Qu Yuan’s long political lyric poem "Lisao". This poem expresses the fighting spirit of not collaborating with evil forces and the unswerving patriotic enthusiasm until death.
⑿Explanation: Understand, understand. No one understands: This sentence expresses the author's lament that he is not understood by the world.
⒀Wuyin: The cool place at noon. Often refers to the shade of trees. Song Su Shunqin's poem "Posted to Zhao Shuping Jiashu Pavilion": "Outside the light tea smoke in the afternoon shade, the dawn rhyme is faint and sparse, sleeping in the rain."
Creation background
"Xiaozhong Mountain·Dragon Boat Festival" It is a work by Yuan opera writer, poet and lyricist Shu Di. It was written on a Dragon Boat Festival after the establishment of the Ming Dynasty (1368). Shu Di's life was during the Yuan and Ming dynasties. "History of the New Yuan Dynasty" said that he "encountered troubled times" and "tried to avoid Kouyan Valley, but was captured, and he scolded the thieves (referring to Zhu Yuanzhang and other rebels), and the thieves were relieved." He was loyal to the Yuan Dynasty and did not serve in the Ming Dynasty.
Appreciation
"Empty Melancholy" laments that the world is busy with the joy of the festival and does not understand or forget the profound historical connotation of the Dragon Boat Festival: it expresses the nostalgia for the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. "No one understands" expresses the author's loneliness and loneliness that are not understood by the world, and also expresses his respect for Qu Yuan's loyalty and integrity.
The most prominent expression technique in this poem is contrast. In the upper column, the busyness and joy of everyone contrast with the author's melancholy alone; in the lower column, the world's incomprehension of Qu Yuan contrasts with the author's deep sadness when reading "Li Sao".
This poem contains a strong national flavor and describes the Dragon Boat Festival customs in the land of Jingchu. The whole poem starts from "Biai Cattail", and "busy everywhere" expresses the busyness of the Dragon Boat Festival. Sons and daughters, celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival, depicts a picture of the warmth of family reunion and celebrating the festival, and depicts the Chinese nation's joy of enjoying family relationships during the festival. "The five-color arm silk is wrapped thinly and the length is long". The five-color arm silk is a national custom in Jingchu land. During the Dragon Boat Festival, children wrap the five-color ribbon around their arms. This five-color arm silk is also called "Zhu Suo". ” or “long life thread”, it is said that it can subdue ghosts and ensure peace. The last two sentences of the upper column, "The empty melancholy, who will pay tribute to Yuan Xiang again", opened up a new realm of the whole poem, laid the tone for the lower column's mourning of Qu Yuan, and paved the way for lyricism. "Who pays tribute to Yuan Xiang again" explains the reason for the "empty melancholy". It turns out that people are busy celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival and are just celebrating in general, but have forgotten the historical and cultural connotations contained in this special festival. Who still remembers the patriotic poet? What about Qu Yuan? The author expressed his feelings and pointed out the shortcomings of the custom. In this lively and festive festival, the poet is "empty and melancholy", which is in sharp contrast to the excitement of "Celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival". Xia Qian expresses his feelings directly and still uses contrasting techniques. It is to write about the feelings of commemorating Qu Zi. "Don't judge the past." Indeed, thousands of years have passed, and what people remember most is not Qu Zi's "Li Sao", but the loyalty and character of committing suicide by drowning in the Miluo River. "Thousands of years of loyalty, the light of the sun and stars." The sun is the essence of heaven and earth and will never be destroyed. It is not an exaggeration to compare Qu Yuan's eternal righteousness with the light of the sun and stars. His great loyalty and righteousness should be remembered forever. "After reading Li Sao, I feel sad." This sentence not only expresses the admiration for Qu Zi's righteousness, but also expresses the mutual sympathy of the literati. "No one can understand" expresses the author's loneliness and loneliness that are not understood by the world, and also expresses his respect for Qu Yuan's loyalty and integrity. Thousands of years have passed, how many people can remember such a tragic song? Even if it is remembered, how many people can understand it? The trees turn to the shade at noon, and the hot weather during the Dragon Boat Festival can get some coolness. Is it not easy? Could it be Qu Zi's beautiful intention? The ending is about returning to the scenery with emotion, and there seems to be lingering emotion in the scenery, which has a lingering meaning.
This song uses the Dragon Boat Festival as a carrier, starting from the Dragon Boat Festival customs in Jingchu that we see before us, and depicts a lively and busy scene, which is in sharp contrast to the "no one understands" in the next film. But the water of Yuanxiang brought the author into history. Qu Yuan expressed his sentiments about the fall of the Yuan Dynasty and his failure to serve in the Ming Dynasty through the memorial. "Who can mourn Yuanxiang again if I am empty and melancholy?" Poems such as "Injury. No one understands" convey the author's sadness and loss, while "Thousands of years of loyalty and loyalty, the sun shines brightly" show the author's loyalty to the Yuan Dynasty. "The trees turn to shade at noon", which is a common ending method in ancient poems. You can get the lingering effect of "no one is seen at the end of the song, and the peaks on the river are green". The author's pessimism and despair are palpable.
There have always been many poems written about the Dragon Boat Festival. Most of them will mention Qu Yuan’s past events, use Qu Yuan’s wine glass to pour oneself over, or express one’s depressed and frustrated feelings, or praise Qu Yuan’s spirit to express oneself. His loyal heart, in short, the inexhaustible water of Yuanxiang is the bitter tears of China's frustrated literati. "The green water of Yuanxiang should shine on thousands of peaks" (Mei Yaochen), "It is ridiculous to laugh at the vagueness of the Chu River, but it cannot wash away the grievances of direct ministers" (Wenxiu), "The flow of Yuanxiang is endless, how deep is Qu Zi's resentment?" (Dai Shulun).
Reading ancient Chinese poetry always makes people feel depressed, rather than the joy of being angry. It seems that they can only hide in the corner to complain or show their loyalty, and never get angry. At most, they are just pretending to be crazy and acting stupid, "Study, makeup idiot, who knows the meaning of it?" "Even if you teach him to argue, it is better for him to be sleepy, and it is better for us to be intoxicated, and don't care about heaven and earth." Few people dare to really stand up and get angry. Go cry out and fight! This is inseparable from the gentle and honest poetic style of "sad but not sad, sad but not resentful" created by "The Book of Songs" and the artistic tradition of Qu Yuan's vanilla beauty.