1, nursing methods of shoulder dislocation
First, the nursing measures of pain
Give drugs for promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, relieving swelling and pain, such as Jin Shu Huoxue Decoction, Huoxue Zhitong Decoction or Jingutongxiao Pill. , external use of Huoxue powder, swelling and pain relief ointment, etc. Distract the patient's attention, such as listening to some relaxing music or acupuncture to relieve pain. Oral analgesic drugs if necessary.
Second, the fixed nursing measures
1, anterior dislocation. After reduction, a cotton pad was placed under the armpit, the upper arm was adducted, and the inner rotation position was fixed on one side of the chest arm. The forearm was suspended and fixed with a triangular towel for 3 weeks. For patients with greater tubercle fracture, the fixation time was prolonged by 65438 0 ~ 2 weeks. Patients with axillary nerve paralysis can be fixed with abduction frame. 1 ~ 8 weeks can be recovered.
2. Posterior dislocation. After reduction, the upper arm was fixed with herringbone plaster, and the abduction of the upper arm was maintained at 35 degrees, with a slight external rotation, and the elbow was located behind the trunk plane.
Third, functional exercises.
Nursing measures for dislocation and fixation of shoulder joint should strengthen the activities of fingers and wrists to avoid joint stiffness and disuse muscle atrophy. After fresh dislocation 1 week, the bandage was removed, the forearm was suspended with a triangle towel, and the flexion and extension of the shoulder joint began. After 2 weeks, take off the triangle towel and gradually start joint active function exercises in all directions, such as pulling pulleys by hand and climbing walls with fingers.
Four, physical therapy, hot compress
On the basis of functional exercise, physical therapy and hot compress are more conducive to the recovery of shoulder joint. Especially for old dislocation, shoulder massage and physical therapy should be strengthened during fixation.
2. How to deal with dislocation of shoulder joint?
1. Once diagnosed, all fresh dislocation of shoulder joint should be regarded as an emergency. Under proper anesthesia, early manual reduction should be carried out immediately.
2, commonly used reset methods are:
(1) Traction rotary method: The advantage of this method is that it is operated by one operator, and the general effect is acceptable. However, during operation, the upper end of the skin bone is subjected to torsion and lever stress. If the manual reduction is too hard, the upper end of the facial bone may be broken.
(2) Foot-pulling and pedaling: The patient lies on his back, the operator sits on the affected side of the bed, holds the patient's wrist with both hands, and puts one heel under the affected side (for patients with dislocation of the right shoulder, the operator uses his right foot, for patients with dislocation of the left shoulder, the operator uses his left foot), so that it can play a lever role in pushing the oboro bone outward during traction. Both hands are pulled down along the longitudinal axis of the patient's upper limb, and the heel is pushed up to hold the armpit), and the upper arm is rotated and contracted at the same time, so that the pyogenic bone can be reset. This method is reliable, simple and effective.
3. After reduction, the upper arm is placed in the position of adduction, internal rotation and elbow flexion of 60. Fix the affected limb on the chest wall with a neck and wrist sling (or bandage) for 2-3 weeks. After removing the fixation, gradually exercise the shoulder joint function.
3. How to prevent dislocation of shoulder joint?
1. Warm-up exercise before warm-up exercise can improve the excitability, reaction ability and confrontation ability of muscle tissue, and gradually increase the degree of confrontation, which is helpful to reduce joint dislocation.
2. Some self-protection measures taken by professional tumbling athletes when they fall are also worth learning from ordinary people. For example, if a volleyball player dives to save the ball or a football player falls after a collision, he will roll with the trend and then gradually land on his elbow and shoulder in turn. Sometimes, athletes roll on the ground a few times, as if they are seriously stressed, but they can immediately stand up and continue fighting. The reason is that the huge impact force when they fall to the ground is shared by many parts of the body during the rolling process and will not be concentrated in a certain position to cause serious injuries.