1. An idiom about mountains and down, a four-character idiom
A tiger descends a mountain
měng hǔ xià shān
Explanation to describe bravery And quickly
From the 26th chapter of "Nine Lives of Strange Injustice" by Wu Jianren of the Qing Dynasty: "He turned around like a 'tiger descending the mountain' and rushed towards him. If Yang Fu wanted to dodge, he could take advantage of the momentum. Turn somersault and go behind Yang Fu"
Idioms with subject-predicate structure
Used as objects and attributives; used for swiftness
< p> Synonyms: Tiger coming out of the mountainExample sentence from Jiang Shumao's "Fishing Island Rage" Chapter 16: "Vice Captain Wang led several team members, jumped up, and all of them descended from the mountain like tigers, chasing the fleeing enemy."
English translation of a fierce tiger springing down from the top of the mountains
The idiom has the following basic characteristics:
1. Structural fixity
The components and structural forms of idioms are fixed and generally cannot be changed or added or deleted at will. For example, "the lips are dead and the teeth are cold" cannot be changed to "the lips are dead and the teeth are cold", "the lips are dead and the teeth are cold", "the lips are cold without teeth"; "the chest has no ink", nor can it be increased to "the chest has no ink". In addition, the word order in idioms is also fixed and cannot be changed at will. For example, "the ins and outs" cannot be changed to "the ins and outs of the situation," and "the great contributions" cannot be changed to "the great contributions."
2. Integrity of meaning
Idioms have integrity in meaning. "Its meaning is often not a simple sum of the meanings of its constituent components, but an overall meaning further summarized based on the meaning of its constituent components." 2 For example, "the fox fakes the tiger's power", the superficial meaning is "the fox fakes the tiger's power", The actual meaning is "relying on the power of others to oppress others"; "the rabbit dies and the dog is cooked", the superficial meaning is "the rabbit dies, the hunting dog is cooked", but the actual meaning is "those who serve the ruler are abandoned after they are done." Or kill"; "forgetting to eat and sleep", the superficial meaning is "ignoring sleep and forgetting to eat", but the actual meaning is "extreme concentration and hard work" and so on.
3. Diversity of grammatical functions
From the perspective of Chinese grammar, Chinese idioms are equivalent to a phrase in a sentence, because a phrase can serve as different components in a sentence , so the grammatical functions of idioms are also diverse. Chinese idioms have various forms. As mentioned above, there are four-character idioms, five-character idioms, six-character idioms, seven-character idioms, eight-character idioms, etc. Among them, four-character idioms are the main form of Chinese idioms. Therefore, the analysis of the grammatical functions of idioms here mainly focuses on the analysis of four-character idioms serving as syntactic components. 2. A collection of four-character idioms about mountains
Bashan Crossing the Mountains - Ba: Climbing. Climb mountains and cross ridges. Describing someone who is good at mountain climbing and walking
Trekking through mountains and rivers - Ba: to tread; Shan: mountains; We: wade through water; Shui: big river. Climbing mountains and ridges, wading across rivers. Describe the pain of traveling
Baier Rivers and Mountains - Baier: Two against a hundred. It means that mountains and rivers are dangerous and solid, and two people can defeat a hundred people. Later it refers to a country with strong national power and stable border defenses
Baier Mountains and Rivers - Baier: Two against a hundred. Metaphor of a land with dangerous mountains and rivers
Forced to Liangshan - forced: forced; Liangshan: also known as Liangshanbo, now in Shandong Province. A metaphor for being forced to rebel. It is also a metaphor for being forced to take some kind of action
Hiding in a famous mountain - hiding the work in a famous mountain and passing it on to like-minded people. Describe the work as extremely valuable
Chongshan and lofty mountains - Chong: high; Jun: high and steep mountains. Tall and steep mountains
Mountains and mountains - countless tall and steep mountains
Be sure of Mount Tai - as stable as Mount Tai. It is a metaphor for being absolutely sure and there is no need to worry
Fan Shui imitates a mountain - a metaphor for imitating others
Setting a mountain on fire - a metaphor for fanning the flames and sowing dissension
Piling up like a mountain - Gathered in piles, like hills. Describing a lot of things
Mountains and seas - describing a lot of things
Sailing ladder mountains - crossing the sea and climbing mountains. Refers to going through a difficult journey
The command is like a mountain - the military command is serious and cannot be changed
The accumulation of soil can become a mountain - the accumulation of soil can be piled into a mountain, which is a metaphor for accumulating less to become more. 3. About mountains , the idiom of "down", a four-character idiom
The tiger goes down the mountain měng hǔ xià shān explanation describes the brave and rapid origin of Qing Dynasty Wu Jianren's "Nine Lives and Strange Injustices" Chapter 26: "There is a big turn around and make a 'tiger goes down the mountain'" If Yang Fu wants to dodge, he can use the momentum to do a somersault and get behind Yang Fu."
Idioms with subject-predicate structure are used as objects and attributives; used in synonyms of swiftness and fierceness. An example of a tiger coming out of the mountain, Chapter 16 of Jiang Shumao's "Fishing Island Fury": "Vice Captain Wang led several team members, jumped up, and all of them descended the mountain like tigers, chasing the fleeing enemies.
"The English translation of a fierce tiger springing down from the top of the mountains idiom has the following basic characteristics: 1. Fixed structure. The components and structural form of the idiom are fixed, and generally cannot be changed or added or deleted at will.
For example, "the lips are dead and the teeth are cold" cannot be changed to "the lips are dead and the teeth are cold", "the lips are dead and the teeth are cold", "the lips are cold without teeth"; "the chest has no ink", nor can it be increased to "the chest has no ink" "Ink". In addition, the word order in idioms is also fixed and cannot be changed at will.
For example, "the ins and outs" cannot be changed to "the ins and outs"; 2. Holistic meaning: Idioms are holistic in meaning.
“The meaning is often not the simple sum of the meanings of its components, but the whole that is further summarized on the basis of the meanings of its components. significance. 2 For example, "the fox fakes the tiger's power", the superficial meaning is "the fox fakes the tiger's power", but the actual meaning is "relying on the power of others to bully others"; "the rabbit dies and the dog cooks", the superficial meaning is "when the rabbit dies, the hunting dog will be eaten by others" "Cooking food" actually means "those who serve the ruler are abandoned or killed after they are done"; "forgetting to sleep and eat", the superficial meaning is "ignoring sleep and forgetting to eat", but the actual meaning is "extremely focused on working hard" and so on. < /p>
3. Diversity of grammatical functions. From the perspective of Chinese grammar, Chinese idioms are equivalent to a phrase in a sentence. Because a phrase can serve as different components in a sentence, the grammatical functions of idioms also have Diversity. Chinese idioms have various forms. As mentioned above, there are four-character idioms, five-character idioms, six-character idioms, seven-character idioms, eight-character idioms, etc. Among them, four-character idioms are the main form of Chinese idioms.
Therefore, the analysis of the grammatical functions of idioms here mainly focuses on the analysis of four-character idioms serving as syntactic components.