Liu Daoyi (1884— 1906), a native of Xiangtan, Hunan, was a modern democratic revolutionary in China. I liked reading progressive books when I was a teenager. Influenced by the revolutionary trend of 1903, I joined Huaxing Hui. 1904 went to study in Japan, 1905 joined the Chinese League. 1906, Liu Daoyi was appointed as the leader of the Pingyi Uprising by Huang Xing. After arriving in Changsha, Liu Daoyi called a secret meeting of the core comrades on the amphibious ship to agree on the specific plan of the uprising. Unfortunately, on his way back to Changsha from Hengshan, Liu Daoyi was arrested by the Qing government for dispatching troops in Changsha and Hengshan. In the face of torture, Liu Daoyi thundered: "Scholars can be killed, but they can't be humiliated. He died when he died! " In prison, I wrote: "Heaven and earth are thriving in the three-character prison, but I am not alone in the future. How can I cherish this day, and the ambition to save the world is empty? " 190665438+February 3 1, Liu Daoyi died peacefully outside Liuyang, Changsha, at the age of 22.
After Liu Daoyi's sacrifice, Sun Yat-sen wrote a mourning poem: Three Chuxiong and a half in the southeast, Six Lang died, dominating the sky. Heritage is very difficult, and WHO is very generous to the people of Sri Lanka. Trapped in the sad autumn wind, the sunset in China is crying and mourning. When to drink Huanglong wine and a sip of river water? Huang Xing wrote a mourning poem: The hero cried that Liu Lang had no life, and the chivalrous bones in the Central Plains were fragrant, which was tragic. I haven't annexed the enterprises in Hu Hui, so you should see Huang Wu first. What does it mean to be a child? The yellow flag is bright every day. It's hard for a talented person to think of his country!
Chinese name: Liu Daoyi.
Alias: spectrum name Liu, self-styled Chu Fei, also known as Pei Xiong.
Nationality: China.
Ethnic group: Han nationality
Birthplace: Badouchong, Hua 'e Township, Xiangtan City, Hunan Province
Date of birth:1July 22, 884
Date of death:190665438+February 3 1.
Occupation: revolution
Graduate institutions: Xiangtan Meituan School, Tokyo Tsinghua School.
Faith: Three People's Principles
Main achievements: Participated in leading the Pingyi Uprising.
Representative works: Hengshan Zhengqi Collection
Participating organizations: Huaxing Club, Triad, China League.
Important position: Secretary and Officer of Tokyo Union Headquarters.
Tomb site: Yuelu Mountain, Changsha
Enjoy Sorrow and Honor: Sacrifice for Dahan Martyrs Cemetery
The life of the character
family background
1On July 22nd, 884, Liu Daoyi was born in Badouchong, Hua 'e Township, Xiangtan County, Hunan Province (now belonging to Guangqiao Village, Baishipu Township). Liu Daoyi is a martyr in China. His name is Ji Tang, his name is Bing Sheng, his name is Chu Fei, and his name is Pei Xiong. His ancestral home is Hengshan, Hunan, and his ancestor Liu moved to Xiangtan during the Kangxi period. He first lived in Yangliuchong, the capital of Xiangtan, and then built a house in Liujiawan under the Guangdong Bridge in Shi Jia, the ninth capital of Xiangtan. His descendants lived in Xiangtan for generations, forming the Liu family who moved from Hengshan to Xiangtan.
His father, Liu Fang, was a brave soldier in a military camp in his early years. He released Lin Dirong, the general commander of Taiping Army, and was captured for his bravery. In order to avoid disaster, he changed his name to Pengyuan, went into hiding in Badouchong, Hua 'e Township, Xiangtan County, and later worked as a policeman in torture room, Xiangtan County. Liu Fang has three sons, namely Liu Qiantang, Liu and Liu. Liu Qiantang, the name of Liu.
Warm-hearted revolution
Liu Daoyi is very clever and got excellent grades as a child. When he was a child, he went to a private school to study Mencius. He was able to read aloud, be cheerful, articulate and sharp-edged. Later, he entered the county intelligence school. Influenced by the revolutionary trend and his brother Liu, his thoughts are more radical. When I read The Biography of Zhu Han Hou Xuchuan, I appreciated the sentence "I will hoe it unless it is of its own kind", so I changed my name to "Murphy". Later, he entered Changsha School and Xiangtan Meituan School. He is particularly precocious politically. When Eight-Nation Alliance went to Beijing, he was extremely concerned about the fate of his motherland.
1903 (in the 29th year of Guangxu), Huang Xing organized an anti-Qing revolutionary group-Huaxinghui in Changsha.
1904, Liu, Wu Luzhen and others initiated the establishment of the anti-Qing revolutionary group Hua Xinghui, and joined them. Because of his talent for language, he was sent to Xiangtan by the insiders of Huaxing Association to instigate and contact the leaders of the community. Liu Daoyi not only successfully completed the task, but also preached the revolutionary truth like a communist party member. In March, Liu Daoyi was admitted to Tsinghua University (formerly Tokyo Datong School) to study in Japan. During his stay in Japan, influenced by the revolutionary atmosphere of overseas students in Tokyo, Liu Daoyi gradually became a radical democrat.
1In August, 905, Liu Daoyi participated in the planning of China League, and was promoted to secretary and secretary after the establishment of China League. Later, when the revolutionary party debated with the royalist party, he actively participated in it and published articles such as "Kill the traitors first and then drive the Emirates". In 65438+February, he joined the secret revolutionary group "Ten People" organized by Qiu Jin and others, and later joined the "Hong Men Triad" founded by Feng Ziyou in Yokohama with Qiu Jin and others, and was named "sandals" (that is, generals).
1906 was ordered to return to China to contact communist party and the New Army, and was fully responsible for organizing and launching the Pingliuli Uprising, which was the first large-scale armed uprising since the founding of China League. The uprising should have started at the end of February, 65438, and the Qing government officials blocked it, but some Communist party member couldn't wait to take the lead in attacking Ma Shi on February 4, 65438. Liu Daoyi and others had to deal with it urgently. In the process of contact with the insurgents in the four places, they were captured by the Qing soldiers because of their neglect of cover.
Sacrifice heroically for a noble cause
/kloc-in the autumn of 0/906, Cai Shaonan and Peng were sent back to Hunan in order to "move the new army and revive the socialist party" and brew an armed uprising. After he arrived in Changsha, he made an appointment with Cai Shaonan to hold a secret meeting with dozens of revolutionary comrades on the boat in Shuiluzhou (namely Orange Island) to convey Huang Xing's opinions on the deployment of an armed uprising. After the meeting, Liu Daoyi stayed in Changsha to take charge of the overall situation, and was responsible for the contact with the headquarters of the League in Tokyo and all aspects. Cai went to Pingxiang, acting as the liaison party, and planned to hold a ceremony at the end of the lunar calendar when the army rebelled and matured.
190665438+On February 4th, Cai Shaonan, Gong Chuntai and other leaders broke out in advance, and the Qing court was shocked, and 50,000 soldiers were dispatched to suppress them. The uprising team was lax in discipline and command, and finally failed. At that time, Liu Daoyi was mobilizing a new army in Changsha. After learning the news of the incident, he stepped up preparations day and night so that when the uprising team captured Changsha, the new army and the defense battalion could respond in Kaesong. He first planned in Changsha and then contacted Hengshan. However, his whereabouts have aroused the suspicion of the local government of the Qing Dynasty. Unfortunately, on his way back to Changsha from Hengyang, he was arrested by Cen Chunxuan, the governor of Hunan Province, and sent to Changsha for trial.
He was tortured repeatedly in prison, determined and unyielding, and wrote righteously that "the world is prosperous in the three-character prison, and I am not lonely." I don't care about this day, the ambition to save the world is empty. In the face of severe punishment, he angrily denounced: "A scholar can be killed, but not humiliated. If he dies, he will die! "Helpless, the official killed him outside Liuyang Gate in Changsha on June 65438+February 3/KLOC-0, at the age of 22, on the pretext of finding a seal engraved with the word" Chu Fei "from him.
After learning the news of the sacrifice in Tokyo, Huang Xing and Liu cried together. Sun Yat-sen wrote a poem when he heard the news. Liu Daoyi's father, Liu Fang, suffered a stroke due to excessive sadness and anger, and died 1 month later. At that time, his wife Cao Zhuang was studying at Zhoujiashu in Changsha. When she heard that she committed suicide, she failed. Two years later, she hanged herself.
Liu Daoyi was the first student to study in Japan who died because of the anti-Qing revolution, and the first martyr among the members of the Chinese League to shed blood for the revolution, and he wrote "The Collection of Righteousness in Hengshan Mountain".
The leader's poem
Liu Daoyi was the first member of the Chinese League to devote himself to the revolution. His heroic sacrifice and the failure of the June 1st Uprising caused great repercussions in China at that time. The League held a grand memorial service for him, and both Sun Yat-sen and Huang Xing wrote elegies for him and highly praised his achievements. After his sacrifice, most revolutionaries wrote poems, and there are still more than 80. The poems written by Sun Yat-sen and Huang Xing are as follows.
Half of the southeast three Chuxiong, Liu Lang died, dominating the map.
The remaining legacy is hard, who is generous to the people of Sri Lanka!
Trapped in the sad autumn wind, the sunset in China is crying and mourning.
When to drink Huanglong wine and a sip of river water?
Lv Qiwan Liu Daoyi Huang Xing
Heroes have no life to cry willow waves, bleak central plains chivalrous bone incense.
I haven't annexed the enterprises in Hu Hui, so you should see Huang Wu first.
What do you mean by chirping? It is light to hunt the yellow flag.
It's hard for people with eyes to stand on the horizon when they think of Guo Shi.
Liu Daoyi tomb
After the founding of the Republic of China, with the approval of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, Liu Daoyi was enshrined in the Martyrs' Temple in Dahan. 19 12 In March, after the establishment of the Nanjing Provisional Government, Sun Yat-sen issued the Order of Kindness to Liu Daoyi in the name of the Provisional President, burying Liu Daoyi in Qingfeng Gorge, Yuelu Mountain, Changsha, and Huang Xing personally inscribed "Tomb of Liu Daoyi Martyrs". Covering an area of about 1 10 square meter. The tomb is semicircular, the base is 3 meters in diameter and 0.5 meters high. The ground and graves are paved with granite. At the back of the tomb stands a three-way monument with the inscription Tan Yan _ writing "Tomb of Martyr Liu Daoyi Cao Zhuang", with a height of 1.4 1 m and a width of 0.52 m; The left and right sides are respectively inscribed by Liu Daoyi Brothers Bayi, with a height of1.3m and a width of 0.45m.. There are stone benches, altars, incense burners and stone pillars on the left and right sides of the tomb, all of which are engraved with fine print and a brief introduction of Liu Daoyi's life. The rock climbing path passes obliquely from the left side of the tomb.
Eighty years after the death of Liu Daoyi martyr, Mr. Wu Qu wrote an inscription for the Martyrs' Temple: "Generous sacrifice makes Liu Lang immortal. Serve the country wholeheartedly, Yuelu Qian Qiu. " 1983, Liu Daoyi tomb is listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Hunan province.