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Crickets dig holes and usually live on the ground, under bricks and stones, in soil holes and in grass. Go out at night.
Authentic Jiangnan wild crickets
Omnivorous, eating all kinds of crops, saplings, vegetables and fruits. Some behaviors of crickets can be induced by specific external stimuli. ? [3]?
Crickets are withdrawn and generally live independently. They are never allowed to live with other crickets (males also live with another female when mating), so they can't tolerate each other. Once they meet, they will fight. A male cricket can live with many female crickets. ? [3]?
The call of animals
Crickets make sounds with their wings. The cricket has a short thorn like a file on its right wing and a hard thorn like a knife on its left wing. The left and right wings are folded and rubbed against each other. You can make a pleasant sound by flapping your wings. ? [3]?
In addition, crickets can express different meanings because of their different tones and frequencies. At night, the loud and long-paced cry of crickets not only warns the same sex not to enter, but also can courtship. When other people of the same sex enter its territory, it will call with dignity and urgency to show a solemn warning. ? [3]?
It usually starts singing in August in summer.
cricket fighting
I am happiest when it is generally 20 degrees in the wild. I stopped singing in late June when the climate turned cold to 65438+ 10. When a male insect meets a female insect, its chirping can be changed into "chirp, chirp", and when mating, it makes a trembling "chirp …" sound. When two males meet, they sing with their vertical wings to gain prestige, then head to head, open their jaws like pliers, bite each other and kick each other. They can often roll back and forth for 3-5 rounds. ? [3]?
Every breeding season, male crickets will shake their wings harder and make beautiful sounds to attract the opposite sex. ? [3]?
The difference between men and women
The most obvious difference between male and female lies in the ovipositor at the tail. Female individuals are larger, and pinholes or spear ovipositors are exposed at the right rear end. Plus the tails on both sides of the ass, it looks like three tails at first glance, with small wings and can't sing. There is no needle-shaped ovipositor at the tail of the male worm, but only two tails that grow obliquely from the tip of the hip. They can sing and dance, fight and kill. In some areas in the north, male crickets are crickets.
cricket fighting
The female cricket is an oil gourd. Male crickets compete for food, consolidate territory and occupy females. Crickets and Tethys of Cricket Family are both singing insects, but only males can make sounds. They make sounds by rubbing their wings. [3]
The male built a cave and lived with the female. I like living in a cool, relaxed and humid environment. When insect populations are too dense, they tend to kill each other. And go out to find the tender stems, leaves and seeds of peanuts, and transport them back to the cave for storage to feed the newly hatched nymphs. The newly hatched nymphs live in groups, so they will go out for food and dig their own holes in a few days. ? [3]?
Growth and reproduction
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Crickets reproduce through eggs->; Nymphs->; The process of becoming an adult is an incomplete transformation.
Female crickets have an oviposition tube at the end of their abdomen for laying eggs.
A large cricket
Eggs are inserted into the soil. Common crickets (such as Beijing oil gourd) give birth to one generation every year and overwinter in the soil with eggs. Egg production per unit area is produced in fields with many weeds and plenty of sunshine, graves and soil beside haystacks.
Overwintering eggs lay eggs in June 5438+ 10, and hatched into nymphs in April-May of the following year. Peanut stinkbug is 1 generation in Guangxi. Nymphs overwinter in soil caves and are unearthed in March-April of the following year, which is harmful to peanut seedlings. The newly hatched nymphs live in groups, so they will go out for food and dig their own holes in a few days. At the beginning of June, it appeared as an adult and continued to do harm.
The nymph molts 6 times (i.e. 6 instars) for 3-4 days each time, and it takes 20-25 days for the adult to emerge. The life span of adults is141~151day. The caves of adults and nymphs are as deep as 0.6 meters or even deeper. The newly built cave is very simple, with only one escape hole. Before laying eggs, add 3 ~ 5 branches for laying eggs, go out to look for tender stems, leaves and seeds of peanuts, and transport them back to caves for storage to feed newly hatched nymphs.
distribution range
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Crickets are almost widely distributed all over the country, and there are more provinces south of the Yellow River. It likes to inhabit hillsides, fields, stone piles and grasslands with slightly wet soil. ? [ 1]?
Classification status
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According to available statistics, there are 273 recorded species of crickets in China, belonging to 4 families and 73 genera, including 258 species in 67 genera of Cricket Family 13 subfamily, about 2,500 species are known in the world, and about 150 species are known in China, of which 50 species are preserved. (In addition, the data here is debatable: there are about 1400 named species in the world, and there are more than 30 named species in China. ) Several pests are dry crops. ? [4]?
Gryllus and Gryllus subfamily domestic crickets (formerly called Gryllus domesticus) are stout, black or brown, and often make shallow holes; Feed on plants, animals, clothes or the like. Field crickets, also known as black crickets, often live in fields or courtyards, and sometimes enter indoors. The head of domestic crickets is light with dark horizontal bands; Has been introduced from Europe to North America; Found in buildings and garbage dumps; Domestic crickets and field crickets are widely distributed and sing day and night. The temperature is greater than 32 degrees Celsius and less than 7 degrees Celsius. It is sold as bait in the United States for biological experiments. ? [4]?
Nemobiinae is 12 mm long, has a series of high-profile vibrato, and lives in pastoral areas and forest areas. ? [4]?
There are three black lines on the abdomen of loach. The swim bladder is white or green. Wings are transparent; Eating aphids is beneficial, but it damages branches when laying eggs; Singing is a long vibrato. ? [4]?
The snow-white tree cricket (oenaphere fultoni) is commonly known as the thermometer tree cricket, because the number of vibrato it gives out at 15 second plus 40 is about equal to the Fahrenheit temperature at that time. Species inhabiting trees and shrubs call at night, while grass species call day and night. ? [4]?
The ant nest subfamily is small in species, 3 ~ 5 mm long, wingless and hunchbacked, and lives in the ant nest. ? [4]?
A species of the subfamily Mogoplistinae (wingless shrubbery crickets) is usually found under shrubs or gravel near water in tropical sandy land. Its body is slender, 5 ~ 13mm, wingless or small, and it is covered with transparent scales, which is easy to be worn. ? [4]?
Fenugreek subfamily (winged shrubbery cricket) is 4 ~ 9 mm long, and its ovipositor is sword-shaped, living in the pool bushes. ? [4]?
The brown shrub cricket (Eneopterinae) is large, slender and light brown, which is common in trees or shrubs. ? [4]?
Shared species
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Cricket in China
China oil gourd.
Cricket in China
It is about 2 cm long and dark brown. One generation 1 occurs every year, and overwinters as eggs in the soil. The male vocalizer is close to the base of the front wing and produces sound through wing friction. The auditory organ is located in the tibial joint segment of the forefoot. Burrowing, which often moves underground, on the ground or in cracks in masonry, harms the roots, stems, leaves, seeds and fruits of plants, instead of feeding at night, biting the tender parts of plants on the ground, leading to seedling shortage, is an agricultural pest. ? [5]?
Cricket with big coffin head
The coffin-headed cricket (Loxoblemmus doenitzi) has a flat head, a flat front end and a forward tilt.
The male's head obviously protrudes to both sides, and the male will also fight, but the degree of fighting is not as good as cricket fighting. ? [5]?
A large cricket
The oil gourd (Gryllus testaceus) is dark and shiny, with two compound eyes.
There is a yellow stripe on the top of the head, which extends to the back of the head. The front wing is light brown and shiny, and the rear wing is developed, which has the ability of short-distance flight. The female ovipositor is 2 cm long. Feeding at night, adults and nymphs harm crops such as soybeans, sorghum, peanuts, melons and vegetables. China has many provinces. ? [5]?
China cooks crickets.
Also known as "white cricket", because it is very common in rural kitchens, it is named kitchen cricket. White cricket is a subspecies of Orthoptera, which is different from field cricket. Small size, mild personality, milky white body, as big as peanuts and as small as wheat, with a pair of tentacles and compound eyes on both sides of the flat head, maroon ring pattern on the cylindrical abdominal cavity, splayed tail on the abdomen, four degenerated little wings on the back, and two arched thighs as the main jumping organs. This little creature can crawl and jump, and it is smart. Occasionally, it will catch one and put it in its palm. It will dance its tentacles, make eye contact with people, make a chirp sound, and then quickly jump out of the palm of your hand and run away. Old farmers often keep it in small gourds, which can still be heard in the severe winter when heavy snow is falling and dripping into ice. ? [5]?
harm
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Crickets are important agricultural pests in Northeast China, North China, Lower Yangtze River and South China. They destroy the roots and stems of plants,
Cricket food (3 pieces)
Leaves, fruits and seeds are particularly harmful to seedlings. In the south, crickets harm peanut seedlings by 1 1% ~ 30%, and also harm corn, jute, tobacco, cotton, soybean and cassava, which often cause seedling shortage and affect harvest. ? [6]