From Tao Yuanming's Gui Xi Ci, in the first year of Yixi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (405 years).
Come home to Xi Ci is an essay by Tao Yuanming, a famous poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The language of this article is very beautiful and it is a masterpiece of pastoral poetry.
Poetry is mainly composed of six sentences, including three, four, seven and eight-character sentences, which are catchy and melodious. The words "zhi", "one" and "two" in the sentence are soothing and elegant. Sometimes with overlapping words, there is a strong sense of music.
For example, "the ship is far away, the wind is fluttering, and clothes are blown" and "the branches are numerous, and the spring water begins to flow". Use more antithetical sentences, no matter right or wrong, they are just right. Description is combined with lyricism and discussion, sometimes writing scenery, sometimes lyricism and sometimes discussion, which is scenic, affectionate, rational and interesting.
This article was written at the beginning of Tao Yuanming's resignation, describing his life interest and inner feelings after he resigned and retired, expressing the author's spiritual feeling of leading an honest and clean life. By describing specific scenery and activities, he created a peaceful, cheerful and natural artistic conception and entrusted his life ideal.
Stylistically, this article belongs to Ci Fu, but its language is simple, vivid, ingenious and free and easy, with sincere feelings, far-reaching artistic conception and strong appeal.
Ouyang Xiu even said that "there was no article in Jin Dynasty, only Gui". The author's representative works are: the poem "Returning to the Garden", the poem "The Story of Peach Blossom Garden", the prose "The Story of Peach Blossom Garden" and the poem "Returning to the Garden to Come to Xi Ci".
original text
Come back! Will the countryside destroy Hu Bugui? Since the heart is the form of service, isn't it sad? People who can catch up without admonishing the past; Not far from being lost, I feel that today is not yesterday. The ship is far away and the wind is blowing. Asking for directions, ex-husband, hate dawn.
It looks forward to Yu Heng and runs with joy. Servants are welcome and children are waiting for the door. The three paths are barren, and the pine chrysanthemum still exists. Bring children into the room, there will be wine bottles. Lead the pot to think for yourself and make the court happy. Leaning against the south window to send lofty sentiments, judge your knees to be comfortable. Garden Day includes fun, although the door is fixed and often closed. Help the old man to rest, and correct his head if he goes far. Clouds come out of holes unintentionally, and birds don't know when to fly. The scenery is coming, lonely and lingering.
Come back! Please rest assured that you will never travel. The world is against me, what can I ask for? Please love words from relatives, play music and read books to eliminate worries. The farmer told Yu Yichun that he wanted to do something with Xichou. Or a towel cart, or a boat This is not only a gentle and elegant road to find ravines, but also a rugged road through hills. Wood is thriving and spring is blooming. When everything is fine, I feel that my journey of life is over.
I don't hold grudges anymore! How long will you live in the apartment? What does Hu Wei want? Wealth is not my wish, and the emperor's hometown cannot be expected. When you are pregnant, you can go alone or plant a stick. Deng and He Lin wrote poems together. Chatting until the end, Loew's fate is ridiculous!
-Selected from the printed edition of Tao Yuanming Collection by Zhonghua Book Company.
Because the heart is the form of service, Xi is melancholy and sad. To translate this sentence accurately, we must first start from the background. Tao Yuanming yearns very much for a quiet and secluded life (inner heart), but he has to commit himself to the secular world for his livelihood and stoop (appearance) for five buckets of rice. However, he doesn't want to sink into the pastoral life that the secular world always wants to return to.
Since I am willing to let my mind (inner yearning for seclusion) be dominated by my body (committing myself to the secular world to make a living), why am I still sad alone?
Therefore, it is logical to pave the way for the reasons for resigning and returning to China later. Since you still feel depressed and sad with your heart, take shape as a service and go back to your long-awaited life.
What is the explanation of "the fate of love"
At the end of the article "Back to Xi Ci", Tao Qian put forward the view that "chatting and riding is like the end, and my husband's life is ridiculous", and there have always been different opinions.
However, the commentary in the textbook of People's Education Edition explains the whole sentence: Let's adapt to the changes of nature and live to the end of our lives. What is there to doubt about happiness? The annotation is clear and detailed, and the "fate of love" is annotated as "happy life", but in the actual teaching process, teachers are still at a loss, let alone students' understanding.
In fact, to understand the meaning of "the fate of love", we must master the meaning of "a happy and safe life". This is a joint predicate-object structure. Therefore, the key to understanding heaven and life is that this "heaven" is actually nature, while "life" is like heaven, but it seems not. In the preface of "Going to the Garden to Go to Poetry", it is written that "nature is nature, not by encouragement", while "going to the garden to live in the garden" has the characteristics of "less but not vulgar rhyme, and naturally love the autumn mountains", which is the human nature of both places. In the final analysis, human beings are also one of the natures of all things, so they belong to nature. Happiness and happiness actually conform to nature and human nature, and they are unified.
If we compare Happy Life with Happy Life (Shen Congwen's Border Town), we can better understand the differences. "Being contented is always happy" is a life state in which Shen Congwen highlights the happy life of people in border towns, while Tao Qian emphasizes the nature of life and let nature take its course. This is a kind of freedom bound by reality, seeking surreal spiritual satisfaction, and more is helplessness and dissatisfaction with reality.
Therefore, Hui Xi Ci describes the beauty and warmth of his home and the life he enjoyed with his relatives and farmers many times. This kind of life is actually extremely hard for him to get, so he will continue to seek and appeal. People are always like this. What you can't get always likes to nag, and what you get doesn't like to say. An ever-increasing beauty of returning to the garden just shows the inner emptiness. "Happy life" is not a negative thought, it must be an ideal life state of Tao Qian.