idiom
Idioms in a broad sense are language forms that contain idioms, have a certain fixed structure and specific meaning, and are frequently used in life.
Idiom in a narrow sense is a stereotyped genre that has been circulated among the people for a long time, including idioms, proverbs, folk proverbs and two-part allegorical sayings. Generally has the following characteristics:
1 is a stereotyped morpheme combination. In the process of use, morphemes are relatively fixed and their meanings are relatively fixed.
Compared with idioms, they are more flexible in use. This flexibility is manifested in the following two aspects:
First, many idioms have many sayings. Such as "touched a rebuff", "pounced on a rebuff", "regardless (don't ask, regardless) regardless" and so on.
B. Idioms can be disassembled and used during use, and even their original word order can be changed. For example, "drinking ink", we can say "he hasn't drunk ink for several years"; "Burning the midnight oil", we can say "Don't burn the midnight oil too late, pay attention to rest".
3. Most idioms use certain figures of speech to express their fixed meanings.
4. Idioms have strong oral features. Generally speaking, there will be no puzzling uncommon words or difficult allusions. Easy to understand, humorous.
In the process of using language, proper use of idioms can make the language more intimate and vivid, and enhance the expressive force of the language.
Idiom. Idioms are short qualitative idioms in spoken language. For example: iron cock, sedan chair, wearing a top hat, top tone, one pot end, green light, going through the field, hitting nails, fuse, scapegoat, walk-on and so on. Idioms are mainly three-character cases, and most of them contain derogatory meanings.
Proverbs and proverbs are popular and profound fixed sentence patterns passed down orally by the masses. For example: 1, don't go out in the morning, and take Wan Li Road at night. 2, eat radish in winter and ginger in summer, without a doctor's prescription. 3,360 lines, the line is the champion. 4, stay in the green hills, don't worry about firewood. 5, everyone collects firewood with high flame. Proverbs are summaries of experiences related to natural phenomena, agricultural production, medical care and social life, among which agricultural proverbs are mostly regional.
Motto Motto is a concise statement with philosophy. For example: 1, knowledge is power. 2. Modesty makes people progress, while pride makes people lag behind. 3. Facts speak louder than words. 4, don't do evil, don't do good. If young people don't work hard, old people will be sad.
Mottos and proverbs are sentences, but proverbs are the collective creation of the masses, and proverbs are often quotations from celebrities.
Two-part allegorical saying is a kind of spoken language with argot nature, which consists of two parts: approximate riddle and answer, with the original meaning in the second half. For example, year: 1, moth to the fire-self-destruction. 2, looking for a needle in a haystack-nowhere to find. 3, the telephone pole on the road-stand aside. 4, the radish of the twelfth lunar month-frozen (moving) heart. 5, Confucius moved-full of books (lost).
Two-part allegorical saying includes two kinds, one is metaphor and the other is homophonic. Two-part allegorical saying, the first half is a metaphor, and the second half is an explanation of the first half. Homophonic two-part allegorical saying, the upper part and the lower part express meaning in a homophonic or similar way.
Common sayings and idioms
1, there is nothing to do: describe the relationship between the two, alienating or doing nothing.
2. The Eight Immortals cross the ocean and show their magical powers: metaphors have their own methods, or compete for self-presentation skills.
3, there is no ambiguity in the eight characters: it is a metaphor that things have not been done yet.
4. Prince Charming: an ideal man admired by girls.
Five, close to ten: almost close (actual situation).
6. Seeing is better than hearing: seeing is better than hearing, which means what you see with your own eyes is far more accurate and reliable than what others say.
7. A hundred-legged worm is dead but not stiff: a metaphor for a failed person or group, but its strength still exists (mostly derogatory).
8. Half a catty is eight taels (one is "one and a half catties, the other is eight taels"): one catty of the old system is sixteen taels, and half a catty is eight taels. Metaphors are the same and comparable (mostly derogatory).
9. fight the world: take on the heavy responsibility of fighting the world. Metaphor is arranged by one person or several people, not by others.
10, people who are full don't know how hungry they are.
1 1, Bao Dao is not old: It means that although you are old, your kung fu or skills have not declined.
12. Ass report: refers to the last position of the newspaper page (including humor). Example, ~ article.
13, I don't burn incense at ordinary times, and I am temporarily tutoring Buddha's feet: it means that I don't have contact at ordinary times, and I am very happy. Later, it means that we are not prepared at ordinary times, so we should deal with it in a hurry.
14, forcing Liangshan: metaphor is forced to resist or have to do something.
15, at that time, at that time: it was one era, and now it is another era, indicating that the times have changed and the situation has changed.
16. Cheap behavior: with special permission, it is not necessary to ask for instructions, and it can be handled according to actual conditions or temporary changes. And said it was cheap.
17, the enemy will block, but the water will hide: metaphor means that no matter what tricks and means the other side uses, there are ways to deal with it. It is also a metaphor to take corresponding countermeasures according to the specific situation.
18, don't die until you reach the Yellow River: a metaphor for not giving up until you are desperate. This is also a metaphor for not giving up until you reach your goal.
19, don't cry if you don't see the coffin: metaphor is a complete failure and you don't know how to regret it
20, effortless: describe doing things very easily, effortlessly.
2 1, whatever: desperate; Don't ask right or wrong reasons.
22, I don't know the height of the sky: describe short knowledge and arrogance.
23. Nothing ventured, nothing gained: Metaphorically, you can't succeed without experiencing difficulties and obstacles.
24. Stir-fried cold rice (also known as "copying instant rice"): a metaphor for repeating what has been said or done, with no new content.
25, fire squid: squid rolls up as soon as it is fried, like a roll, which is a metaphor for dismissal.
26, old millet rotten sesame seeds (also known as "old sesame seeds count on millet"): a metaphor for old irrelevant words or things.
27, success is also Xiao He, failure is also Xiao He: Metaphorically, the success or failure of things are all caused by the same thing.
28. Closing the door: the owner refuses, or the owner is absent, the door is locked, and the person who comes to the door is called closing the door.
29. I can't eat, but I have to go around in circles: I pointed out the problem and I will bear all the consequences.
30. Eat from the same pot: metaphorically speaking, no matter whether the work is good or bad, the contribution, treatment and remuneration are the same.
3 1, taking regret medicine: refers to regret afterwards.
32, eat dumb loss: there is nowhere to complain or dare not speak out after eating a loss.
33. Once you have suffered a setback, you gain a point.
34, wearing crotch pants: metaphor collusion, concealment.
35. Blowing snails: a metaphor for talking big. Also known as "blowing snails".
36. Blow your beard and stare: Describe how you lost your temper or got angry.
37. Oppose injustice: Help the oppressed to speak or take action.
38. Let's get this straight: the metaphor is to say it openly and openly. He also said, "Open the window to put it bluntly."
39. eat small fish, Big Fish: This is a metaphor for the oppression of the strong and the annexation of the weak.
40. Face-to-face gongs and drums: a metaphor for discussing or arguing face to face.
4 1, the height of the Tao is one foot, and the height of the devil is one foot: it is a metaphor that obstacles will be greater after certain achievements, and it is also a metaphor that justice will eventually overcome evil.
42. Falling glasses: refers to the unexpected and surprising development of things.
43. Twenty-one articles are added as five articles: equal share by both parties.
44, put down the butcher's knife, become a Buddha on the spot: metaphor evil people will become good people as long as they make up their minds to repent.
45, dry thunder, no rain: metaphor only momentum, no actual action.
46, staring: describe anxiety, weakness.
47. Driving ducks to the shelves: a metaphor for forcing people to do things they can't do. Some people also say that "ducks are on the shelves."
48, high or not: high and desirable, can not be or can not be; What you can do, but you feel low and incomplete, you refuse to do it, and you don't want it (mostly used to choose a job or a spouse).
49, the arm can't twist the thigh: the metaphor is weak and the enemy is not strong. Also said that "the arm can't twist the thigh."
50. Elbow valgus: It means not facing your family, but facing outsiders. Also called "elbow out".
5 1, at regular intervals: every once in a while. "Difference" is also called "bifurcation".
52. Dog skin plaster: a metaphor for deceptive goods.
53, the dog's mouth can't spit ivory: metaphor bad people can't say good things.
54. Bite through a butcher's door: a metaphor for envy and not getting what you want, and comforting yourself with unrealistic methods.
55. Drinking ink: refers to going to school.
56. Drinking the northwest wind means having nothing to eat and being hungry.
57. Change the soup without changing the medicine: the metaphor only changes the form without changing the content.
58. Pick a bone in an egg: a metaphor for finding fault on purpose.
59. Squeezing toothpaste: a metaphor for dishonesty. When people ask them step by step, they say it bit by bit.
60, splint gas: refers to the blame from both sides.
6 1, uncooked rice: the original meaning is half-cooked rice, which is a metaphor for things that are difficult to do well at first, or problems that are difficult to solve after they are not solved at first.
62. Keep two feet on the same boat: a metaphor for keeping in touch with both sides because of unclear understanding of things or deliberate opportunism. He also said, "Kick two boats.
63. Exposing scars: a metaphor for exposing people's shortcomings.
64. Get the moon first by getting close to someone or something: a metaphor for being in a superior position and getting benefits first.
65. the power of the nine cows and two tigers: a metaphor for powerful power.
66. Packing: a metaphor for being fired or resigned and leaving the workplace.
67. A bad check: a metaphor for an unfulfilled promise.
68. Vernacular in the air: describe words without deeds, or just words without reality.
69, pull the banner, do tiger skin: metaphor under a banner to scare people, deceive people.
70. The prodigal son never changes his money: it means that the person who did bad things is extremely valuable after turning over a new leaf.
7 1, something: annoying thing. Also known as "prison".
72. Fire sees real gold: Only by burning in the fire can we distinguish the truth and falsehood of gold, which means that the key moment can test people's quality.
73. A donkey's lips are not right for a horse's mouth: a metaphor for answering irrelevant questions or inconsistent things. He also said, "The bull's head is not right for the horse's mouth."
74. Year of the Donkey: refers to an unknown year (as far as it is concerned, it cannot be realized). Also known as the Year of the Monkey.
75. Playing the piano: a metaphor for nonsense or nonsense.
76. A drowned rat: It means soaking wet, like a chicken falling into hot water.
77. Monday morning quarterback: a metaphor for untimely action.
78. Ants move Mount Tai: Metaphorically, great things can be accomplished with the help of the masses, Qi Xin and Qi Xin.
79. Ants gnaw at bones: It means that it takes little equipment or strength to work hard bit by bit to complete a huge task.
80, full house: the audience cheered.
8 1, stir up a hornet's nest: a metaphor for making trouble.
82. Sweep the world: Ignoring the opposition of people all over the world, openly commit heinous acts.
83. Grab your eyebrows and beard: it is a metaphor for doing things regardless of priorities.
84. Build a clear road, darkness: metaphor confuses each other with fantasy to achieve a certain goal.
Muddle along: Procrastination at work also refers to laziness and procrastination.
86, wipe a nose ash: it is boring to please the results.
87. False: refers to fabrication out of thin air.
88. Masterpiece: (1) refers to the plays that the actors are particularly good at. (2) metaphor someone is particularly good at. Also called "specialty".
89. Losing his wife and losing his soldiers: Metaphorically, he wanted to take advantage, but instead of taking advantage, he suffered a loss.
90. A thunder in the apartment: a metaphor for a sudden rise in prestige. It is also a metaphor for a sudden happy event.
9 1, the embankment of a thousand miles, collapsed in the ant nest: for example, if you don't pay attention to small things, the problem will be big.
92. A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step: metaphorically, the success of things is gradually accumulated from small to large.
93. Take the lead and move the whole body: Metaphorically, moving a tiny part will affect the overall situation.
94. Fear of wolves before and fear of tigers after: describe being worried and holding back. He also said, "I am afraid of dragons before, but I am afraid of tigers later."
95. Never forget the past and learn from the future: it means remembering past experiences and lessons, which can be used for reference in the future.
96. Shooting a bird with a gun: a metaphor for shooting or punishing a leader first.
97. A clever woman can't cook without rice: even the most capable woman can't cook. Metaphorically, a capable person can hardly get things done without the necessary conditions.
98. Autumn wind sweeps away fallen leaves: a metaphor for powerful forces sweeping away the power of decline.
99. Manual judgment: Metaphor is the most critical moment to make the best skills.
100,360 line: generally refers to various industries.
10 1, three-inch golden tongue: refers to eloquence, also known as "three-inch golden tongue".
102, three times five divided by two: describe things and actions and their agility.
103, killing people without seeing blood: the metaphor of hurting people is very sinister and sinister, and people will not notice it for a while.
104, Killing without blinking an eye: described as extremely vicious and murderous.
105, fish begins to stink at the head: Metaphorically, the people above behave badly, and the people below follow suit.
106, I don't know, I don't know: I describe doing things in secret, and others don't know at all.
107, uncooked rice cooked rice: a metaphor for what has been done and cannot be changed.
108, Eighteen Martial Arts: Metaphor of various skills.
109, it takes ten years to grow trees, but it takes a hundred years to cultivate people: metaphorically speaking, cultivating talents is the long-term solution. He also described that it is not easy to train talents.
1 10, the tree falls apart: metaphor when the leader collapses, those who follow him have no dependence.
1 1 1. If the water is clear, there will be no fishing, and if people observe it, there will be no disciples: it means not to ask too much of people or things.
1 12. Climbing up the pole: a metaphor for catering to other people's wishes, languages, requirements, etc.
1 13, stepping on the ground: a metaphor for offending powerful people or powerful people.
1 14, mantis catches cicada, yellowbird is behind: metaphor only sees the profit ahead, but doesn't know the disaster behind.
1 15, peaches and plums don't say anything, the next step is self-control: the metaphor of sincerity will have a strong appeal and win the hearts of the people.
1 16, treating headache and foot pain: metaphor does not fundamentally solve the problem, but only deals with superficial phenomena or side effects.
1 17. Never change from its original religion: there are many changes in form, but the essence remains unchanged.
1 18, everything is ready, except for the east wind: metaphorically, everything is ready, except for the last important condition.
1 19, Three Treasures Hall with nothing to do: metaphor for nothing to do.
120, pot calling the kettle black: Metaphorically, he has the same shortcomings or mistakes as others, only to a lesser extent, but laughs at others.
12 1, a soldier and a crab: a metaphor for useless soldiers and generals.
122, first come, first served: determine the order according to the order of arrival.
123, Xiao Jiujiu: a metaphor for mental calculation. For example, how things are going, he already has a career in mind.
124, a drop in the bucket: metaphor is not as good as a big one.
125, Little Shoes: It is a metaphor for giving people difficulties in secret, and it is also a metaphor for imposing constraints and restrictions.
126, the speaker is not guilty, and the listener is warned: although the opinions are not completely correct, the person who put forward the opinions is not guilty, and the person who listens to the opinions can be wary of himself even if there is no mistake made by the other party.
127, a thorn in the side: a metaphor for the person you hate most.
Yangguan Road 128: A metaphor for a bright future.
129, one-on-one: metaphor words and deeds are organized, conform to the rules, and are not sloppy.
130, one nostril exhales: metaphor holds the same attitude and viewpoint (including derogatory meaning).
13 1, after a wave of unrest, another wave rises: figuratively speaking, one problem has not been solved, and another problem has occurred.
132, if you don't do it, you won't stop: if things have started, go to the end.
133, one step at a time: a metaphor for doing things practically.
134, once every emperor and courtier: It means that when one person comes to power, another group of people will be replaced.
135, One-hit deal: No matter what you do in the future, only one deal will be made (often used figuratively).
136, across the board: a metaphor for dealing with problems in the same way regardless of the actual situation.
137, repeatedly: repeatedly, repeatedly.
138, one shot to the end: a metaphor for going straight to the end. And said, "stick a pole in the end."
139, it takes two hands to shoot: metaphor contradictions and disputes are not caused unilaterally.
140, a radish and a pit: metaphor everyone has his own post and responsibility.
14 1, all at once: all, all.
142, kill with a stick: a metaphor for completely denying people or things without analysis.
143, a game of chess: a metaphor for the whole or the whole.
144, one person gets the word, and the chicken and dog ascend to heaven: it is a metaphor that one person gets the power and relatives and friends follow suit.
145, one is one and the other is two: according to the original situation, it should be what it should be. Describe how careful you are about things.
146, a bowl of water is flat: a metaphor for doing things fairly and not taking sides.
147, 15 10: The metaphor is clear and there is no omission.
148, in a word: a word summary.
149, with nose and eyes: describes making fictional things very vivid.
150, milk is the mother: metaphor for greed and forgetting righteousness, whoever gives benefits will take refuge.
15 1, blindly following mount tai: a metaphor for people with high status or great skills who are not recognized.
152, painting a gourd ladle: a metaphor for imitating according to appearance.
153, tip of the needle to maimang: refers to tit for tat in an argument.
154, spill the beans from the bamboo tube: a metaphor for telling all the facts without covering them up.
155, sitting on the bench: a metaphor for taking a leisurely posture because of being ignored. It is also a metaphor for waiting for a long time or waiting for an interview.
156, one person spreads the truth, and ten thousand people spread the truth: one person spreads unfounded things, and many people follow it, which is regarded as true things. The reference is not true, because everyone said it would make people believe it.
157, once bitten, twice shy: Metaphorically, if you have suffered a loss in something, you will be afraid when you encounter similar things.
158, Ding is Ding, Mao is Mao: the metaphor is very serious and meticulous.
159, people are afraid of being famous and pigs are afraid of being strong: people are afraid of getting into trouble after being famous, just like pigs will be slaughtered when they grow strong.
160, a towering building starts from the ground: a metaphor that everything starts from the foundation and then develops step by step.
16 1, there is no way to go in the world, and there is no way to go underground: describe being in a desperate situation.
162, I can't get to the sky, I can't get to the ground: I can't describe it, I can't land.
163, the rain is coming, and the wind is full of buildings: metaphor is full of tension and signs before major events happen.
164, if you can't bear it, you will make great plans: it means that if you can't tolerate small details, you will disrupt the overall strategy. Metaphor means that you must take the overall situation into consideration when doing things, and you can't lose big because of small things.
165, there is no smoke without fire: a metaphor for everything for a reason.
166, don't ask (no matter, no matter): metaphor does not distinguish right from wrong.
167, I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain: a metaphor for not knowing the truth of the matter.
168, look at the face of the Buddha instead of the face of the monk: look at the face of the monk and look at the face of God, asking for permission or forgiveness.
169, Jiang Taigong fished and was willing to take the bait: a metaphor for knowing that it was a trap but being willing to fall for it, or a matter of mutual consent.
170, the heart of a villain and the belly of a gentleman: it refers to helping mean thoughts to guess people with high moral character.
17 1, irrelevant: figuratively speaking, things have nothing to do with each other.
172, turn hostilities into jade: refers to turning hostilities into jade.
173, stones from other mountains can attack jade: it means to correct your own shortcomings and mistakes with the help of criticism and help from others (mostly friends).
174, if you do more injustice, you will die: you always do bad things and bring yourself to ruin.
175, the words are silent, but not far away: articles lacking literary talent cannot be circulated for a long time.
176. Newborn calves are not afraid of tigers: it is a metaphor that young people who have just entered the society have no worries and dare to think and do.
177, Far water can't save near fire (Far water can't save near fire, far water can't hydrolyze near thirst): Metaphor can't solve the immediate urgent need.
178. Deal with a man as he deals with you: deal with him as he deals with you, and let him pay for it.
179, as a gentleman says, it's too late to recall: describe what you say and never go back on your word. It is synonymous with "a whip on a swift horse, a word on a swift horse"
180, Being in, Being in Han: describe that people are in, and their hearts are in.
18 1. River water does not invade well water (well water does not invade river water): metaphorically speaking, the two are clearly defined and do not interfere with each other, which also means that they are irrelevant.
182, great minds think alike: the views of outstanding people are roughly the same. Praise the agreement between the two sides, and sometimes it also includes ridicule.
Meaning.
183, heroes are useless: a metaphor for talented people who have no chance to display or have no place to display.
184. No pains, no gains. Metaphor what you did, what will be the result.
185, although the sparrow is small, it has everything.
186, a strong dragon does not crush a local strongman: it is a metaphor that foreign strongmen can't beat local evil forces.
187, the one who tied the bell must be untied.
188, the meaning of drunkenness is not wine: the original intention is not here, but in other ways.
189, cleverness is mistaken by cleverness: you think you are clever, but you lose by doing stupid things.
190, where iron shoes can't step on, you can get it without effort: it is easy to find something that you can't find with great effort.
19 1, seven aunts and eight aunts: refers to relatives of various relationships.
192,250: refers to people who act recklessly and foolishly. Or refers to people who are unfamiliar with a certain knowledge and skill.
193, Heavenly King Laozi (Emperor Laozi): a metaphor for a person with extremely high status and power.
194, there is no silver here: a metaphor for hiding and covering up the truth, with poor means, but the result is completely exposed.
195, Zhong Kai drugstore: figuratively speaking, writing articles likes to list phenomena or problems without making actual analysis.
196, Vaccination: Metaphorical prevention work.
197, wishful thinking: metaphor is too beautiful to proceed from subjective wishes.
198, fight a pen and ink lawsuit: argue with the article. Also known as "fighting with pen" and "fighting with pen".
199, beat a retreat: a metaphor for giving up halfway when you encounter difficulties. Also known as "batch breakup".
200. A dead horse is a living horse doctor: a metaphor for the last attempt.
20 1, pink eye: a metaphor for the bad mentality of being jealous of others to gain benefits.
202, huahuachangzi: metaphor is improper.
203. Being unsociable: it is a metaphor for appointing talents, blindly allocating them, and being wrong, that is, delaying work and wasting talents.
204. Trick: Playing tricks on people in secret by using cruel means or tricks. Also known as "playing tricks".
205. Expose the peep show: The truth of the metaphorical event was revealed. The "peep show" is also called "peep show".
One of the following idioms is incorrect.
1, a, at this point, what can I do? If I don't do it, I'm going to fight.
B, Ding is Ding, Mao is Mao, everything is a foregone conclusion. What are you still doing here? Let's go!
C, driving backwards and moving against the historical trend will not have a good result, as Hitler did in the past.
D, at that time, you didn't see that he was already a radish in the twelfth month-frozen (moving), otherwise how could there be such a beautiful thing today?
2, a, how can there be no way? Everything has its vanquisher. Do you think his son will listen? He has to listen.
B, I didn't miss a word about finding a job. Can you let me think it over? I'm not careless!
C, although it is young, it is only sixteen years old this year, but it is very serious. One is one and the other is two.
D, it's really unpredictable, and when it comes to luck, it will turn, who is unhappy!
Actually, don't worry now. When the car gets there, it will find a way around the hill. You can find a job that suits you then.
B, come to our factory, you can rest assured that the government will give the green light where it can, and it will never be difficult for you.
C, as a lawyer, I solemnly tell you that it is impossible for him to bear legal responsibility, because at that time he was already a pole on the road-standing aside.
D, for people who like to lift the sedan chair, leaders must be cautious, otherwise they will be confused and may make mistakes.
4, a, ask him modestly if you have any questions, and you will definitely make progress. You should also know that when people gather firewood, the flames are high.
Second, just going through the motions is not enough. We must examine ourselves carefully, find out the problems and then work out the solutions. We'll check.
C, we don't have to argue anymore. Facts speak plainer than words. We can't see the scene. Isn't it clear who is right and who is wrong?
D, fish begins to stink at the head, the top leader can't be honest and remain uncorrupted, and other leaders of the unit are absolutely not much better.
5. Find out the wrong idioms in the sentence:
A. It stands to reason that the Bayi team and the Sichuan team have "broken righteousness". However, the mountain does not turn, and this year's Guancheng has injected the blue blood of Dalian. The previous grievances had to give way to homesickness in the countryside.
B. For China fans, of course, I hope that every China star who joins the nba can become the guest and pillar of each club, but in fact, only Yao Ming has satisfied the fans' wishes.
C. He has a flexible mind, listening to the wind is rain, and when the coach makes a few gestures outside the court, he can quickly organize the team to change the formation, from defense to success.
D. Chengdu and Chongqing should attack together in the fierce regional competition, without poaching and setting obstacles, accelerate the development of both sides in mutual cooperation, and strive to be at the forefront in the development of the western region.
1, b ("Ding is Ding, Mao is Mao" means to describe that you are really serious and not careless. Obviously, I didn't understand its meaning here, and I used it wrong. Unforeseen things happen, which is a metaphor for what bad things will happen to people. What is said here is that luck has turned, and it is good luck. In this way, it is obviously not incorrect to use "unpredictable weather" ) 3, c (the important feature of two-part allegorical sayings is humor, which is not suitable for serious occasions) 4, a ("many people gather firewood and the flame is high", which means that many hands make light work. ) 5, c "listening to the wind is rain" metaphor is just hearing a little wind, which is derogatory.