Wang Yisun
solitary flat cigarette ②, layered waves shed the moon ③, and Li Gong collected lead water ④ at night. If the wind is far away in the flood season, the dream is deep and the dew is deep, and it becomes the word of broken soul. The red porcelain is waiting for the fire, and it is still unknown. A wisp of green shadow haunts the curtain, vaguely reflecting the sea and sky.
a few times, I was half drunk, and I cut the spring lanterns, and the flowers were broken at night. Better, so the stream is snowing, and the small window is closed deeply. Xun Ling is old now, and always forgets and respects the old flavor. If you cherish the lingering fragrance, you will be neglected.
Note
① Long Xianxiang: A secretion from the sick stomach of sperm whales, which is obtained from the sea, is called dragon saliva or dragon drain, and is used as other incense. Its fragrance is strong and persistent, and it is a precious spice. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, it was also used as incense. The ancients thought that "out of the western sea, a big food country, there is a cloud cover on it, then there is a big stone in the ocean, lying down and spitting, floating on the water, bright by the sun, condensed and firm, as light as pumice." It is used to mix with the incense, burn it, and gather cigarettes. ..... Jiao Ren picked it, thinking that it is the treasure, and the newcomer is white ... When it is burned with incense, the green smoke is floating and lingering "("Lingnan Miscellanies ").
② Jiao: The mountain is sharp and high, which refers to the rocks in the ocean. Coil, coil.
③ exuviate the moon: it means that the moon is reflected in the horizon, and the sparkling waves are like exuviating from the scales.
④ the palace of the jackal: the place where the legendary jackal lived. Lead water: refers to the white saliva spit by dragons (actually whales).
⑤ the distant wind in flood season: it means that the dragon's saliva has gone away with the raft (cha) taken by the fragrance picker; If you have to take advantage of the flood season and ride the wind, it is called.
⑥ Deep dream dew: It means to make Long Xianxiang more angry with rose water, such as making him enter a deep dream.
⑦ "Xin": a kind of seal incense made in the shape of "Xin". Yang Wanli's poem "Thank you for your beard ... Reward Long Xianxiang" says: "Then use the dragon's saliva to smell the words, and make the clouds around the bright window for you."
⑧ Red porcelain waiting for fire means waiting for it to be baked with slow fire and stored in a red porcelain box.
⑨ Ice ring jade finger: refers to the shape made of Long Xianxiang like a ring and a finger.
⑩: sound substitution, sleepy.
⑾ Xun Ling: In the Three Kingdoms period, it was a history order. Cao Cao called it Xun Lingjun. Xi Chishao's "Xiangyang Ji": "Xun Lingjun went to others and sat for three days, and the fragrance did not rest." Li Shangyin's poem "Peony": "Xunling incense burner can be smoked." It is known that he likes incense.
⑿ Gou: the fumigation cage used for incense. Used as a verb.
translation
In the sea, there is smoke swirling around the isolated reef, and layers of waves like sparkling scales are fading away the moonlight. In the middle of the night, Jiao Ren comes to the Li Palace to collect dragon saliva like lead water. So this treasure took advantage of the flood season and went away with the raft in the wind. In a deep dream, it found itself mixed with rosa multiflora Dew, and turned into a heart-shaped seal fragrance that was breathtaking. The red porcelain box is waiting for the baking temperature to become full of this wonderful fragrance, and it is also the first time for people to see it like an ice ring and jade finger. When the incense is lit, a wisp of emerald smoke rises and haunts the curtain, as if it were a cloud floating over the sea.
How many times, that lazy and half-drunk beauty slowly cut snuff into pieces on a cold spring night, and this is the fragrance that accompanied her. By the stream in that hometown, snowflakes are flying in the air, and the doors and windows of the small house are tightly closed, which is a more suitable place for this fragrance. Gou Ling, who is famous for his love of incense, is now so old that he always forgets the habit of burning incense and clothes and maintaining elegant flavor before drinking, and even the incense is no longer burned. In that case, why bother to cover the empty fumigation cage with a quilt in vain to spare the residual fragrance?
Appreciation
Wang Yisun once joined a dozen adherents of the Southern Song Dynasty, such as Zhou Mi, Zhang Yan, Chen Shuke, Tang Jue, Wang Yijian, Feng Langrui, Li Juren, Chou Yuan, and so on, and chose to write lyrics, chanting dragons, lilies, cicadas, crabs, etc., in order to express the pain of national subjugation, which was collected as Yuefu Supplement.
The origin, collection, manufacture, shape and cooking of Long Xianxiang are written on the words. The word "lonely" says that Long Xian was born at sea. "Ba" refers to the legendary "big stone in the ocean" with a dragon. "Smoke", that is to say, it is covered with clouds and gas. From the perspective of modern science, it is actually the water vapor of the water column sprayed by sperm whales when they breathe. Because of the legend that the dragon "sleeps with a pillow" and "spits when lying down", it writes "Moon" night. The word "flat" and "slough" are used to describe the clouds gathering around, the moonlight fluctuating, and the words chosen are very careful. The dragon is ready to come out without writing it. The word "molting" is especially impressive. It covers the waves in the lower layer of the moon and looks like scales. When the waves rush forward, the moon in the water will retreat one after another, which is better than the molting of a dragon and snake. Those who wait and see the scenery will not know. "Li Gong" sentence, the words are collected, and the dragon is bright. The metaphor of "lead water" is used because the dragon says that "the newcomer is white" and "condensed and firm" "The flood is far away if the wind blows", saying that it was taken away. Boats and boats must take advantage of the tide and wind to set sail, replacing "boat" with "cha", and using the story of "People live on the sea, and see the floating cha come and go every August" in Zhang Hua's Natural History, which adds to the legend. "Dream of deep dew" means being made of spices. Cai Tae's "Tieweishan Congtan" says: "rosa multiflora steam is used to make water ... and it accumulates to make it fragrant ... Although the rose water in the big food country is stored in glass jars and sealed by wax, it is still fragrant and smells dozens of steps; Sprinkled with people's clothes, I didn't rest for a few days. " This is an important spice to be blended with Long Xianxiang when it is being made. Because of this, the dragon saliva "dreams deeply", which means that it has this adventure, which is really unexpected, endowing incense with human feelings and inspiring people to imagine countless times. The sentence "into a broken soul heart" can be seen from the experience in a dream, and its actual production is still below. The word "broken soul" writes that Long Xian is proud of being a masterpiece, which is a deep dream.
"Red porcelain waiting for fire" refers to its baking and storage. Use slow fire to make incense, depending on the temperature. When it is "slightly dry and moist", it can be "put into the porcelain box". "Ice ring and jade finger" refers to the shape it is made of. Ice and jade are used because of their white color, while the ring is round and the finger is strip. When they are used together, the fragrance is compared to a beautiful woman with delicate jade fingers, so the word "I have just met her" is used. "A wisp of green shadow haunts the curtain, vaguely reflecting the sea, sky and clouds", which means burning a swallow. The so-called "when incense is burned, the green smoke floats, but it does not disperse." At this point, Shang Kun's description of Long Xianxiang itself has come to an end, so he compares the green smoke of the indoor "lingering curtain" to "clouds over the sea and sky" in response to the title, as if the scene of clouds and waves on a moonlit night reappeared in front of him.
Xia Kun used personnel to chant incense, so as to turn into lyricism. "A few times, I was half drunk, cutting spring lanterns and breaking flowers at night." This means that Long Xianxiang burned in a boudoir and kept company with a careless woman. "Half-drunk" on a cold night, and sitting and cutting snuff, do you want Lang not to come or lonely spring night to make him feel homesick? Strange fragrance is extremely valuable, so it can't be used by non-Zhumen families. "A few times" is often said, but in the tone of the question, it has been seen that it was the past. "It's better to fly snow in the stream, and the small window is closed deeply." Closer to home, it's the author himself. It's just that chanting things about people is too general and not too real, so it's unnecessary to say it clearly. "Old stream" is also the Qingxi of the old garden. Under the small window on a snowy night, reading and burning a stove, the house is full of strange fragrance and warm as spring, isn't it great? As far as incense is concerned, the reason why it feels "better" is because it is "deeply closed", that is, Chen Jing's "Xiangpu" said that it should be burned in a "windless place in the secret room". The sentence "Xun Ling" has been clearly expressed, and it can also be used as a self-comparison without being honest. Xun Ling is old, and his "forgotten" "old flavor", that is, the elegant flavor that guests had to wear incense in the old days, is now sloppy; There is no such thing as amorous feelings and elegance. At the end, the words "I cherish the fragrance, and I am empty and plain" flow down the river. Even if the incense doesn't burn, the "pot" (fumigation cage) used for fumigation should also be idle. Now, it is useless to cherish the lingering fragrance and put the "plain quilt" on the "empty pot". In this way, I pinned my sad feelings that the Southern Song Dynasty was dead and my old dreams were hard to warm.
Ye Jiaying once wrote a detailed analysis of this word, and what he saw was extremely accurate, and his poor comments benefited from this article. Ye's still mentioned that Huiji stole the tombs of the Southern Song Dynasty, that Lizong was suspended from a corpse to extract mercury and crushed the mountain, and that Lu Xiufu was guilty of maritime affairs. He also talked about whether this word could be entrusted with such historical events, and his words were cautious and insightful. For details, please refer to "On the Poems of Jialing".