Li Dai Tao Jian
It is bound to be damaged, and the yin is damaged to benefit the yang ①.
Notes
① Lose Yin to gain Yang: Yin: This refers to some subtle and local things. Yang, this refers to things that have an overall meaning and are global. This means that in terms of military strategy, if the final victory can only be achieved at the cost of some loss or defeat, the commander should make a decisive decision and make some partial or temporary sacrifices to preserve or strive for an overall and overall victory. This is a military strategy formulated based on the ancient Chinese Yin-Yang theory that Yin and Yang complement each other, restrain each other, and transform into each other.
Note
The feelings between us and our enemies have their own strengths and weaknesses. In war, it is rare to win completely, and the secret of victory or defeat lies in the comparison of long and short. There is the secret of using short to defeat long. For example, the lower Siu is against the upper Siu, the higher Si is against the middle Si, and the middle Si is against the lower Si. This is the unique and cunning strategy of a sincere military strategist, which is very predictable and predictable.
Analysis
When two armies confront each other, there are many situations where the enemy is superior and we are inferior or evenly matched. If the commander's subjective guidance is correct, disadvantages can often be turned into advantages. The story of Sun Bin's horse racing is well known to everyone. Although Tian Ji's horse was generally inferior to his opponent, he still won two to one. However, this method cannot be applied mechanically. In the battle of Guiling between Qi and Wei during the Spring and Autumn Period, the left army of the Wei army was the strongest, followed by the middle army and the right army was the weakest. Qi general Tian Ji planned to follow Sun Bin's horse racing plan, but Sun Bin thought it was impossible. He said that this battle is not about winning two and losing one, but that we should eliminate a large number of enemies. So the lower army was used to fight the enemy's strongest left army, the middle army was used to fight the evenly matched middle army, and the strongest force was used to quickly destroy the enemy's weakest right army. Although the Qi army suffered partial defeats, the enemy's left army and center army had been pinned down, and the right army quickly retreated. Tian Ji quickly commanded his superior army to take advantage of the victory and join forces with the Chinese army to defeat the enemy's Chinese army. After winning, the three armies attacked together and defeated the enemy's strongest left army. In this way, the Qi army formed an overall advantage and finally won. Li Daitao's strategy is to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages. The genius of command is to be able to "settle accounts." The ancients said: "Two benefits will be more severe than the other, and two evils will be less severe when balanced." It is worthwhile to trade a small loss for a big victory.
Exploring the source
Li Dai Taojiang, this sentence comes from "Yuefu Poetry Collection." "Cockcrow Chapter": "Peach trees grow on the well, plum trees grow beside peaches, insects come to bite the peach roots, plum trees replace the peach branches, tree bodies replace each other, brothers still forget each other?" The original meaning is that brothers should help each other like peaches and plums in times of trouble, and help each other. Friendship. This strategy is used in military affairs, and refers to the strategy of exchanging a small price for a big victory when the enemy and we are evenly matched, or when the enemy is superior and we are inferior. It’s very similar to everyone’s tactic of “sacrificing the rook to protect the commander” in a chess match.
In the late Warring States period, the northern part of the Yue Kingdom was often harassed by the Xiongnu Toad Kingdom and Donghu, Linhu and other tribes, making the border uneasy. King Zhao sent general Li Mu to guard Yanmen, the northern gateway. After Li Mu took office, he killed cattle and sheep every day and rewarded the soldiers. He was only allowed to defend himself and was not allowed to fight with the enemy. The Xiongnu could not figure out the details and did not dare to attack rashly. Li Mu stepped up training of the troops and recharged their batteries. After a few years, the troops were strong and their morale was high. In 250 BC, Li Mu prepared to attack the Huns. He sent a few soldiers to protect the people in the border village when they went out to graze. Seeing this, the Huns sent a small group of cavalry to plunder. Li Mu's soldiers fought with the enemy cavalry and pretended to retreat, leaving some people and livestock behind. The Huns took advantage and returned victorious. The Xiongnu Chanyu thought to himself that Li Mu never dared to go out of the city to fight, and he was indeed a coward who was vulnerable to attack. So he personally led the army to attack Yanmen. Li Mu had expected that the arrogant soldier strategy had worked, so he prepared a tight formation, divided his troops into three groups, and prepared a big bag for the Xiongnu Chanyu. The Xiongnu army underestimated the enemy and advanced rashly. They were divided into several places by Li Mu and surrounded and annihilated one by one. Shanyu was defeated and fled in desolation, and the Toad Kingdom was destroyed. Li Mu used a small loss to gain an overall victory.
Story
During the Spring and Autumn Period, Tu Anjia, a traitorous official of the Jin State, encouraged Jin Jinggong to destroy the Zhao family who had made contributions to the Jin State. Tu Anjia led 3,000 people to surround the Zhao family and killed everyone in the Zhao family, young and old. Fortunately, Zhao Shuo's wife, Princess Zhuang Ji, had been secretly sent to the palace. After Tu'anjia heard the news, he wanted to kill everyone and asked Jin Jinggong to kill the princess. Jinggong refused to kill the princess because of the affection between his aunt and nephew. The princess was pregnant. When Tu'anjia saw that Jinggong would not kill her, he decided to kill the baby. The princess gave birth to a baby boy. Tu Anjia personally led people into the palace to search, but the princess hid the baby in her pants and evaded the search. Tu Anjia estimated that the baby had been smuggled out of the officialdom and immediately offered a reward for his capture.
Gongsun Xujiu, a loyal disciple of the Zhao family, discussed with Cheng Ying a plan to save the orphan: If a baby can be exchanged for the Zhao family orphan, I will take the baby and escape to Shouyang Mountain, and you will inform him. , let the butchers find the fake orphan of the Zhao family, then they will stop the search, and the direct lineage of the Zhao family can be preserved. Cheng Ying's wife was giving birth to a baby boy at this time, and he decided to replace the Zhao orphan with his own son. He persuaded his wife with his great righteousness and endured the grief and let Gongsun Xu Jiu take away his son. Cheng Ying followed the plan and tipped off Tu'anjia. Tu'anjia quickly led his troops to chase him to Shouyang Mountain, and found a baby boy wrapped in brocade quilt in the hut where Gongsun Jingjiu lived. So the butcher threw the baby to death. He thought that the situation had been completely eliminated and relaxed his vigilance.
With the help of his loyal minister Han Jue, a confidant pretended to be a doctor, entered the palace to treat the princess, and secretly took the baby out of the palace with a medicine box. Cheng Ying had already heard that his son had been thrown to death by a butcher, so he endured his grief and took the orphan with him. After fleeing to other places, fifteen years later, the orphan grew up. After knowing his life experience, with the help of Han Jue, he went to war against the thieves and killed the traitor Tu Anjia, avenging his great revenge.
Cheng Ying saw that the Zhao family's great revenge had been avenged and the injustice had been settled. He refused to enjoy the wealth alone, so he drew his sword and committed suicide. He and Gongsun Xujiu were buried together in a tomb, which was later known as the "Eryi Tomb". Their reputation endures through the ages.
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Guā tián lǐ xià (guā tián lǐ xià)
Explanation: passing through the melon field, Don't bend down to lift your shoes, lest others suspect you of picking melons; don't raise your hands to straighten your hat when walking under a plum tree, lest others suspect you of picking plums. A metaphor for a place that easily arouses suspicion.
Sourced from Volume 15 of Jin Qianbao's "Sou Shen Ji": "Afraid of being ridiculed by melons and plums."
Used in conjunction; as subject and attributive; suspected of being the same as melons and plums.
Example "Northern History·Yuan Yu's Translated Biography": "~, the ancients were cautious. If you are willing to do this, you will not be responsible."
Synonyms of melons and plums
p>Plums in the melon field are under the melon field, which is a saying of the conduct of a gentleman in ancient Yuefu: "A gentleman is on guard against crops and is not under suspicion. If he is wearing shoes in the melon field, the plum trees are not in his rightful place." When you are wearing shoes in the melon field, you are bent down and wearing shoes, which is suspected of stealing melons. If you wear a straight hat and raise your hand to adjust your hat, you are suspected of stealing. It is often used in places where suspicion is easy to arise, and everyone avoids it for fear of not doing so.
Attachment: "A Gentleman's Action"
"Yuefu Jieyue" says: "The ancient saying goes, 'A gentleman takes precautions before things happen.' "Xing", the purpose of the speech is different from this. "
A gentleman takes precautions and avoids suspicion. The melon field does not accept the shoes, and the plum blossoms do not hold the crown. My sister-in-law and uncle don't teach me personally, and the elders and younger ones are not equal to each other. It is very difficult for Lao Qian to get the handle and to reconcile the light. Duke Zhou went down to the white house and vomited food before he could finish his meal. If you take a bath and hold your hair three times, you will be called a sage in later generations.
"The Conduct of a Gentleman": There is no author name for this poem. Volume 27 of "Selected Works" is titled "Ancient Ci", Volume 41 of "Yi Wen" and Volume 13 of "Shiji" are titled "Cao Zhi". Also see Volume 6 of "Collections of Cao Zijian", there are no four sentences "My uncle-in-law did not teach me personally", and it is noted that "Gu Yuefu wrote ancient poems, and there are four sentences under the title" and so on. I am afraid that the editor is wrong, so I attach it here. 2 Later generations: "Cao Zijian Ji" is called "descendants".
〖Explanation〗A metaphor for situations that easily arouse suspicion.
〖Source〗 "Northern History·Yuan Fan Biography": "The ancients were wary of melon fields and plum trees.
Idiom entry: melon fields and plum trees
Idiom pronunciation: guā tián lǐ xià
Explanation of the idiom: a metaphor for situations that may easily arouse suspicion.
Origin of the idiom: "The Story of Northern History·Yuan Fan": "The ancients were wary of plums in the melon fields. ”
Idiom example: As long as you behave righteously, there is nothing to worry about.
Idiom story:
During the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Wenzong of the Tang Dynasty, The great calligrapher Liu Gongquan was loyal and upright, good at giving advice, and served as Minister of Industry. At that time, an official named Guo Ning sent his two daughters to the palace, so the emperor sent Guo Ning to Youning (now Youxian County, Shaanxi Province). ) became an official, people talked a lot about this matter. The emperor asked Liu Gongquan about this matter: "Guo Ning is the stepfather of the Empress Dowager, and he has been appointed as a general. He has done nothing wrong since he became an official. Now he is only allowed to serve as a postman. What's wrong with Ning, the chief official of this small place? " Liu Gongquan said: "Those who discussed it all thought that Guo Ning got this official position because he donated his two daughters to the palace. Tang Wenzong said: "Guo Ning's two daughters came to the palace to accompany the Queen Mother, and were not dedicated to me." Liu Gongquan replied: "How can people distinguish the suspicions of melons and plums?" "
"Melon fields and plum trees" are derived from the poem "The melon fields do not hold shoes, and the plum trees do not dress the crown" in the ancient Yuefu gentleman's line. Here Liu Gongquan is a metaphor for the emperor's approach, which can easily make people suspicious.
Under the melons and plums, these two places are easy to arouse suspicion. If you stand there, even if you have not picked food, it is easy to arouse unnecessary suspicion.
The ancients emphasized that a gentleman is a gentleman. You should take into account your speech, behavior, demeanor and etiquette. In addition, you should also take the initiative to avoid suspicion and stay away from some controversial people and things.
Now it means that it is easier to arouse suspicion, misunderstand, and be difficult to reason. The occasion for debate