John joseph pershing (1860— 1948), a famous American strategist, graduated from West Point Military Academy. 19 19 was promoted to five-star general of the army in September. He is the only army special general in the history of the US military, also known as General Hammer, nicknamed Jack of Spades.
1965438+In April 2007, the United States announced its participation in World War I, and Pershing was appointed as the commander of the expeditionary force to go to the European front to organize the training and operations of American troops. Pershing's greatest achievement is that after the United States declared war on Germany in World War I, in order to ensure the independent formation of the American Army, it resisted the pressure of Britain and France and mixed with the American Army to establish the American Army Group in Europe. At the same time, in order to meet the actual needs of the European war, the American Expeditionary Force carried out major reforms, expanding its military establishment to 28,000 troops per division, twice that of the German army, British army and mage. And advocated the establishment of the general staff with reference to the staff system of Britain and France; Establish military stations, hospitals, warehouses and airports; Establish a complete training plan for officers; Enforce strict military discipline and clothing regulations for soldiers, and prohibit alcoholism and prostitution; It emphasizes that the American expeditionary force adopts army field tactics and emphasizes the use of rifle fire and artillery support.
Pershing,1September, 860 13, was born on a farm near Creed Town, La Pershing, Lin Si County, Missouri. Father is a local businessman. When he was a child, Pershing was sent to a well-known local school, which was the "first choice school" and was portrayed as a wiser place for citizens' sons or daughters to study. At that time, Pershing's father was already a well-known local businessman, so Pershing and his brothers were able to study there. 1882 was admitted to West Point Military Academy. After graduation, he was awarded the rank of second lieutenant, served in the 6 th cavalry regiment of the US Army, and participated in the Indian extinction in the southwestern United States and South Dakota. 1899- 1903, once served in the us military stationed in the Philippines and participated in suppressing the Philippine people's uprising. 1898, when the Spanish-American War broke out, he was sent to the Fifth Army 1 Division of the U.S. Army in Cuba as a quartermaster to participate in the invasion of Cuba. After the war, Pershing was sent to serve in the US military stationed in the Philippines to participate in suppressing the Moro armed uprising. Because of his active command and his ability to appease the local people, he was praised by old Roosevelt and promoted from captain to brigadier general. 1965438+In March 2006, Pershing was appointed as the commander of the expeditionary force, leading tens of thousands of American troops to intervene in Mexico. It was not until the eve of America's entry into World War I that he led his troops back to China. This is the first time that he has independently commanded a huge army in the field. During the war, he was awarded the rank of major general. 1965438+In April 2007, the United States announced its participation in World War I, and Pershing was appointed as the commander of the expeditionary force to go to the European front to organize the training and operations of American troops. Pershing insisted on maintaining the independence and integrity of the US military from the perspective of national dignity, and urged the United States to send more troops to the European battlefield. His idea was supported by President Wilson. In June+10, 5438, Pan Xing, who had been promoted to a four-star general, organized the American Expeditionary Force into a group army, with eight divisions under his jurisdiction, and improved the weapons and equipment of the troops. Strategically and tactically, Pershing opposed the tactics of the allied forces sticking to their positions and not seeking a storm, and advocated field and mobile warfare. 19 18 10, served as commander of the group army, and the number of troops under his jurisdiction increased to more than 2 million. 165438+1At the beginning of October, he led the army to cooperate with the British and French allied forces to launch a general attack on the German army, break through hindenburg line and force Germany to surrender. 19 19 September, officially promoted to general of the army.
After the war, he served as the chief of staff of the US Army from 192 1. 1924 retired as chairman of the American War Memorial Committee. One of the "great soldiers" in American history. Now there are new medium-range missiles named after him, Pershing I and Pershing II. His works include my experience in the world war.