What achievements has China made in economic construction since the founding of New China?

Statistics from the National Bureau of Statistics show that the GDP in 2000 was 8,940.4 billion yuan, and the per capita GDP was 7,078 yuan. Social development has also been greatly improved, the number of poor people in rural areas has been further reduced, the living standards of urban and rural residents have been further improved, and social equity has been further reflected. Due to the natural conditions and geographical characteristics of China, it has obvious congenital fragility; China's regional development history and population pressure are the strongest in scale and intensity of human activities in the world. China's relatively poor per capita resources and living space are obviously arduous, which makes China face more severe pressure than other countries in the world in implementing the sustainable development strategy. Although China's U-shaped population trough has been effectively controlled, its population base is large, reaching 1 1 in October 2000 and 1.265 billion, accounting for 2 1% of the world population. China's per capita fresh water, cultivated land, forests, grassland resources and important mineral resources are less than half of the world average. In addition, natural disasters are frequent, and the annual losses caused by natural disasters such as floods, droughts and earthquakes reach 654.38 billion yuan. Although China has made great achievements in environmental protection in many aspects, the emissions of major pollutants such as waste water, waste gas and solid waste continue to increase, and environmental pollution centered on cities continues and spreads to rural areas. These developments can be manifested in the low level of social security, slow improvement of environmental comfort, and a considerable gap between human wealth and developed countries. Therefore, how to improve China's social security, comfort and affluence is a major challenge in the 2 1 century, and it is also a major challenge for China to implement the sustainable development strategy. Therefore, the strategic system of sustainable development in China River Basin should reflect the three goals pursued by our people:

First, we should be able to express how to measure the security of a country or region, that is, to judge whether a country or region meets the basic survival needs of human beings in the region, such as food, energy and drinking water. The core of the sustainable development strategy is formulated around the all-round development of human beings, in which the basic living needs and living space of human beings are the cornerstones of all development. Therefore, the strategic goal of sustainable development must maintain the global, national and regional survival support systems at a certain level of security. Because in the foreseeable future, the earth resource base will remain the only source to support the world's survival and development, and the realization of the strategic goal of sustainable development mainly depends on the maintenance, in-depth development, rational utilization and even recycling of the earth resources. Due to the long history of human development in China, the intensity of human activities is too high, the population burden is too high, the load of resources is too high, and the basic level of ecological environment in U-shaped trough against external interference is not high, which makes it difficult for China to achieve the strategic goal of sustainable development.

Second, we should be able to express how to measure the comfort of a country or region, that is, whether quantitative diagnosis can maintain the balance between environment and development under a unified scale. From the perspective of sustainable development, comfort should be based on the relatively safe living conditions of human beings, and its ecological and environmental indicators can meet the basic standards suitable for the survival of human beings and other organisms, showing a trend of continuous improvement. The strategy of sustainable development is to achieve a lasting balance between environment and development. The relationship between the two can be regulated by different types, so that the level of economic development can be continuously improved and the environmental capacity can be maintained at a high level. The so-called comfort is a dynamic identification of regional ecological environment quality. In terms of environmental indicators, first, the pollution sources are effectively controlled, the total amount of pollutants produced by human beings cannot exceed the environmental capacity of the corresponding regions, and all kinds of harmful substances should not harm human beings or other organisms even if they are enriched through the food chain. At the same time, through construction and management, a beautiful and harmonious natural landscape can be formed and a good leisure space can be provided for human beings. As far as ecological indicators are concerned, the first thing is to maintain species diversity, that is, to maintain certain species and genetic resources in the region, so that organisms can enjoy a comfortable living environment like humans, especially for endangered organisms. Generally speaking, sufficient forest, water surface and wetland areas should be maintained in the area, and a certain groundwater level should be maintained. Attention should be paid to maintaining the continuity of rivers and water and soil, and preventing the river from cutting off and water conservancy projects from adversely affecting the ecosystem.