Children's motor development and baby's growth are issues that parents are very concerned about. Since birth, babies are developing rapidly every day. Walking and running are the basic working movements of human beings. However, it takes time for babies to learn to walk and run. The following is the sharing of children's sports development.
Children's movement development 1 children's movement development law
Children's initial movements are systematic, general and diffuse, and then gradually differentiate, locate, accurately and specialize. For example, before the full moon, children are stimulated by pain, crying and moving around; When a 3-year-old child draws seriously with a pen, not only with his hands, but also with his body movements and facial movements.
The development of children's movements starts from the upper movements and then goes to the lower movements. The baby's first appearance is eye movement and mouth movement. Within half a month, the baby's eyes have been coordinated. Upper limb movement develops earlier than lower limb movement. At the age of 6 months, the baby's hand movements have developed well, but the leg movements are far from developed.
The development of children's movements begins with the movements of the head and trunk, then develops the movements of the arms and legs, and then reaches the fine movements of the hands. That is, first develop the action close to the central part (head and body thousand, that is, spine push).
Then develop the movements of the edge parts (arms, hands and legs). For example, when a baby sees an object, he first moves his elbow, touches the object with his whole arm, and then touches and grabs the object with his wrist and fingers.
Actions can be divided into coarse actions and fine actions. The development of children's movements starts with rough movements and then learns more detailed movements. Big movements refer to movements with a wide range of activities, and also movements of large muscle groups, including head, rotation, sitting, climbing, walking, running, jumping, kicking and balancing.
The baby's initial action was unintentional, and later it became more and more dominated by psychological intentions. For example, a newborn baby can hold a stick in his hand, which is an unintentional and instinctive action. After a few months, the baby can gradually grasp objects consciously and purposefully.
Children's action development 2 1, from top to bottom: the development of children's action is that the development of the upper body precedes the development of the lower body. From head to toe, from upper limbs to lower limbs.
2. From big to small: This means that children initially develop actions associated with big muscles and gradually develop actions associated with small muscles. For example, in the development of children's hand movements, the arm stretching associated with the big arm muscles first develops, and then the grasping, grasping, grasping and other movements associated with the small finger muscles gradually develop.
3. From simple to complex: Children's initial movements are simple movements of individual parts of the body, such as reaching out, kicking, turning around, etc., and gradually develop into turning around, reaching out, holding objects with hands and eyes, and further developing into games composed of various movements.
4. From involuntary to random: distinguish the randomness and randomness of actions from the initiative and purpose of actions. Children's actions are unconscious and aimless at first, which are caused by objective stimuli. When something touches a child's hand, the child's hand will scratch. Later, random movements gradually developed.
At this time, when the objective stimulus is not in sight or there is no direct contact with children, actions will also appear. Through actions, people will actively and purposefully contact and understand things. For example, in the "hide-and-seek" activity, children turn their heads to look for "cats" on their own initiative, which is a random action.
Sports development of children aged 5-6
1, can jump forward continuously with steady feet.
2. You can hang 10 seconds on the horizontal bar.
You can easily finish the15m race.
4. You can throw the sandbag forward about 2 meters with one hand.
5. When jumping with both feet and jumping with one foot, the upper body will bend.
6. You can throw the ball with both hands.
7. Be able to use your breasts to go up and down stairs flexibly.
8. Be able to walk independently for about 1km (you can have a proper rest on the way).
9, can jump forward about 2 meters on one foot.
10, can walk a distance along narrow and low objects such as balance beams.
1 1, you can avoid the collision of others faster when running.
The development of children's movements 3 The basic movements of children's running.
Walking, running and jumping are not children's innate abilities. By the age of 4, children can be trained to walk, run and jump, and often train in daily life to enhance their basic physical fitness.
Walking training When a child of nearly 4 years old walks, the upper body should be upright and the upper and lower limbs should be coordinated.
Some children walk unnaturally and incongruously, probably because they have developed bad habits at ordinary times; When the child just learned to walk, the family did not notice that the walking posture was incorrect and failed to correct it in time. Psychological stress; When the surrounding atmosphere is very serious or the password "March in haste" is heard, children will have unnatural and uncoordinated walking postures due to psychological pressure.
Guide children to observe the correct walking posture, let them know that the correct walking posture looks beautiful, and let them have the psychological need to learn and imitate.
Let the older children do demonstration actions and explain the essentials: the upper body should be straight and the upper and lower limbs should walk naturally and harmoniously.
Lead children to practice reading children's songs and playing games together in a relaxed and happy environment: "Come on, let's line up and follow our friends quickly." Don't play for too long each time, in case the child feels bored and overtired. It is necessary to encourage children in time and let them participate in exercise with a happy mood.
When leading children to practice, we should use positive methods to induce them, and avoid monotonous, repetitive and rude methods.
Children who have been running reasonably until the age of 4 are very interested in the game of chasing and running in scattered directions. They often forget fatigue when playing, so they should pay attention to guidance and calculate the amount of activity. And pay attention to safety, teach children how to dodge, make demands, and check the situation at any time. Before running more vigorously, take your child to warm up and fully move all joints;
After running, don't stand still, let alone squat or sit. You should take a relaxing walk, do some exercises to relax muscles and play some relaxing games, so that your child can gradually return to a relatively quiet state.
Children's running problems include: the upper body is straight, the ground is not enough, and they like to sit and run; Uneven pace, like horse racing; The swing arm is not correct, including straight arm swing and elbow swing, and the action is not relaxed and uncoordinated; Swing from side to side, the center of gravity is unstable; Landing heavily, splayed feet, breathing with your mouth open, etc. For these problems of children, we should always pay attention to correcting them.