Wentingyun
A candle at the bottom of a well keeps Lang Changxing from going. (candle indication, expired)
Linglong dice Anhoudou, what do you know about bone acacia?
Bamboo branch Liu Yuxi
The willows in Jiang Shuiping are green, and I can hear the songs on the Langjiang River.
Rain in the east, sunrise in the east, said it was not sunny, but it was still sunny. (Sunshine-Affection)
Repost:
The Origin and Classification of Wuhan Cai Dajin's Mysterious Friend's Homophonic Word Puzzle
"Homophonic crossword puzzle" refers to a kind of crossword puzzle in which one or two Chinese characters are homophonic (or homophonic or syncopated), or other non-Chinese materials are taken to achieve homophonic purpose. Some people call it "phonetic alphabet puzzle" or "phonetic alphabet puzzle". The reason why it is called "homophonic crossword puzzle" is to follow the tradition of "six books with the same sound" and reveal the laws and characteristics of the whole "homophonic crossword puzzle" through this definition. The above expressions of "raising voice" and "changing voice" are just technical terms when commenting on a single puzzle. If it is used in the theoretical generalization of "homophonic crossword puzzle", it still has the defect of not covering a wide range. Therefore, before there is a scientific name, we will call it "homophonic crossword puzzle" for the time being.
It is a long and excellent tradition in China to come to playing riddles by using the meaning of Chinese characters "six characters" (namely pictographic characters, fingering, knowing, homophonic, transliteration and borrowing words). This tradition is reflected in Xie Huixin's Distinguishing Tiger from Light. At the beginning of the book, he wrote a big book, Principles of Six Books. Put all the "methods" in the riddle except the riddle. "Style" belongs to "Six Books". Is Xie's induction scientific and reasonable? I don't know. Why did he make such an induction? I don't know. We really can't find the specific answer from his book. After reading Zhang Qinan's "Talk about Spring Lights in the Garden", I realized that Zhang's "Mystery Saint" also had a similar exposition. Zhang said in "Spring Lantern": "Mystery has its own mystery. There is a difference between knowing, pictographic, harmonic, increasing loss, clutch, and excuse. " Then Zhang listed the characteristics of this kind of riddle in detail. From this point of view, what Xie Gong did was just to copy the "theory" of "Xuansheng". There are many places in the comments that plagiarize the Spring Lantern Talk. Let's discuss it later.
The principle of "six books" has influenced the modern reasoning field for more than 70 years since its inception. It has almost become a conventional and generally accepted theoretical framework in the mysterious world. It is still unrealistic and difficult to break this "framework" and rebuild a new riddle theory. The harmony, syncopation and rhyme in Xie Gong's book all belong to the category of harmony today. For example, in the category of "homophonic", the word "rhyme" is what we now call "homophonic crossword puzzle". This riddle has become a riddle with homonyms of "marriage", "sound" and "member", and has become a classic of homophonic interpretation in modern riddle circles. This riddle appeared in the lantern riddle classics in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and the author was anonymous. The riddle was originally like this: "It's not marriage." It is a slightly modified sentence pattern of the folk saying "no enmity, no reunion" since the Ming and Qing Dynasties (see 29 chapters of A Dream of Red Mansions). "Enemy" is the metaphor of Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu in A Dream of Red Mansions. The mystery of "marriage" is understandable. But Xie Huixin changed the word "no" to "each other". Although the mystery is close, it is far from the original meaning of "saying".
"Homophonic crossword puzzle" is the derivative and cultivation of folk homophonic crossword puzzle. If folk homophonic riddles are compared to hotbeds of cultural bacteria, then "homophonic riddles" are raspberries and mushrooms growing in this hotbed. China's "He" crossword puzzle has a very long history. There are many examples of "homophonic" puns in Yuefu poems in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Such as "ring" and "return", "silk" and "thinking", "hibiscus" and "husband", "lotus seed" and "Reiko Kobayakawa" and so on. It developed into Shen Jiong's poem "Living in Idleness", imitating the style of Chen Dynasty's "county": "How spacious the house is, the benevolent people hide Artemisia", and the demolition of "house" is homophonic with "ambition". Throughout the Song Dynasty, the data of riddles should be said to be very rich. Unfortunately, the separation is serious. At present, there are not many works by Dong Qiyu Ye except Ji Guang. The real homophonic riddle is hard to find. We can only get a glimpse from Li Kaixian's later work "Poetry Zen" in Ming Dynasty. For example, the "nun is not worth half a penny" in "Poetry Zen" and "Time flies" are related to the homonym "Time Temple Base". The "time" here is another explanation, and the "temple base" is "homophonic". Another example is "Shi Tian doesn't need a boat to cross the river". As the saying goes, "He has his statutes", in which "degree" and "crossing" are homophonic. This is equivalent to today's "basic grid". The above-mentioned folk riddles with homophonic riddles laid a solid foundation for the Qing literati to choose homophonic riddles. Without the efforts of several generations in Song and Ming Dynasties, the riddle of "Harmony" from Qing Dynasty to modern times could not have developed. The homophonic patterns such as "pear flower", "flying white", "jade belt" and "bottom" in the riddle are the signs that the homophonic riddle is gradually becoming mature and fixed. The reason why Zhang Qinan called "mourning for the husband's illness", "messy cups and plates" (homophonic "mourning for the plate and lang's illness") and "Biography of the secular" (see the first volume of Spring Lantern Talk) is probably because the "homophonic" riddle originally came from the people. In fact, this mystery is not "secular", but the original creation of Jiangnan literati during Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty. It appeared earlier in Ai Susheng's Zhuxi Chunshe Banknotes. The riddle was originally "Sorry to ask my husband about his illness." Target "Chaoyang style" (namely "Zhaoyang style"), and shoot a sentence of "ancient prose". "Messy cups and plates" is a well-known idiom, which appears in Historical Records and Biography of Funny Stories, and then appears repeatedly in novels such as Three Dreams and Crossing the Road Lamp.
"Not being married is also a head" is produced under the historical background that the mystery of "harmony" has matured. This mystery is not so much the creation of one person as the crystallization of collective wisdom. At first, it didn't attract the special attention of the mystery man. It was only in the early 1990s that it gradually became popular because of the advocacy of a few enigmatic elites such as Mr. Ke Guozhen. Koch imitated this mystery and made the following works:
However, when I heard all the songs left and right, I heard the drums in the west and the east (Hu)
Music is hard to hear (Yan), while weaving is easy to read (Shu)
Subsequently, the "sound" of imitation rose. Such as Zheng Baichuan's The Wind Blows in front of Pagoda (seal script), Fang Zhu's The Sound of the Water Like a Qin (Qin), Huang Mucan's The Sound of Chickens in the Bright Moon and the Breeze (Muscle), Zhang's The Sound of Drums Plays Gloriously (Hu), and The Village Chief listens to the local accent with tears (Xiang). These riddles with "nourishing sound" have a strong color of the times and show the spiritual outlook that a new generation of riddlers are good at pursuing. Its internal "imitation" traces are obvious. The number of his works is not comparable to that of the old works of the Republic of China.
At present, there is a lack of systematic discussion and research on a large number of "homophonic crossword puzzles" and "The Complete Collection of China crossword puzzles" appearing in folk crossword magazines. The author has only read a few articles in China's riddle, such as "crossword puzzles by borrowing classics, excellent works of sound superposition" and "Four theories of sound riddle". The article that really rose to "theory" has not yet appeared. This may be because "homophonic crossword puzzles" have developed rapidly in a short time, and many crossword puzzles imitating "sound" have swarmed in. As a result, enigmas have not had time to fully understand and evaluate these mysteries. And the copyright of some puzzles is also difficult to distinguish. It's really hard to decide who is the first, who plagiarizes and who imitates. For example, how to comment on the mystery of "knowing the sound is business" (Yin)? Is it a "multi-person" creation or a mysterious person's single creation? Until now, there is no clear conclusion. Another example is Mr. Zhang's "Hu" crossword puzzle. Is the author willing to admit that he imitated Ke Lao's works? All these have brought difficulties to the theoretical study of "homophonic crossword puzzles" and sounded the alarm for the riddle world. Copying with each other is lifeless, and only real riddles can reach the palace of art.
Therefore, we are not going to review the homophonic crossword puzzle comprehensively. Only from one side, this paper makes a preliminary arrangement and classification of "homophonic crossword puzzles" to make them more procedural and standardized. If readers can get some enlightenment and reference from this sorting and classification, it is also the greatest comfort to the author himself. In order to facilitate the narration and save words, the author's name is omitted from all riddles, which also needs readers' understanding.
"Homophonic crossword puzzles" can be roughly divided into the following categories:
First, the two-tone buckle class.
1. Tao is just like marriage (rhyme). 2. Turn around and smell (face). 3. Different specifications come together (shoes)
Marriage, music and norms are all "disyllabic words" with the same initials. Modern Chinese is called conjunction. All puzzles belonging to this kind of vocabulary are called "two-tone deduction". The puzzles of two-tone deduction are not rich and difficult to become puzzles. So there is no need to debunk and understand the mystery. You can also raise your voice appropriately, for example, using "Yan" to raise the sound of the word "Yan". We should pay attention to the order relationship between the face characters and the bottom characters in the "two-tone" homophonic riddle, for example, the order of "music" and "specification" in 2 or 3 cases is wrong, so we should use "Xuan" and "Hui" to correct it. This kind of puzzle is purely based on "sound" and works are scarce, so Mr. Zhang Sifeng calls it "rareness" (see Four Theories on the Mystery of Sound Change).
Second, homophone closed class
4. Listen to the left and right songs (half). 5. The flute starts from the west and the east (poke)
6. The sound of drum music is starting again (Hu). 7. The sound of books and drums (shares)
The "homophonic" here refers to the homophonic of modern four tones. For example, "Jin" and "Song" are homophones with "Jin" and "Ge". The rest and so on. "Left-right" and "West-East" are the radical positions of the bottom words. It can also be compensated by raising the voice and knowing the position without displaying it, such as in the case of 6 and 7. This puzzle is formed by imitating the "two-tone" puzzle. It is slightly wider than the "two-tone" puzzle, but it is not easy to get. Whether the imitation works can be perfect depends on how to master the mystery of temperature.
Thirdly, the category of phonetic and semantic overlap.
8. Guanyin (visual inspection) 9. Distinguish the Fox Voice (Lake) 10 of osawa Uprising. Listen to its voice and know what it is (yin).
"Phonological and semantic overlap" refers to the crossword puzzle of "homophonic knowing double overlap". This crossword puzzle is easy to draw materials from, but it is not easy to be accurate. The above three cases are the best of this kind of mystery. Eight cases used the concept of "view" to convey the meaning of "vision" and used the homonym of "world" and "vision" to explore the bottom. A few words become a mystery, which can be described as clean and neat. 9 stories similar to the uprising in Daze Township, Guangwu, Chen Sheng. The meaning of the word "Yi" is different, and the sound of "Fox" is buckled at the bottom, which is also a good structure. 10 "Shang" is interpreted as "Shang Dynasty" (Yin), which is also chewy.
Four, the clutch lifting category
1 1. Shuyin stayed with me in Maozhai (Shu) 12. Listening to music in Donghu Pavilion (tickling)
13. Dimfragrance Spring Rain Listening Qin (Qin) 14. Listen to the flute on the bridge (night)
15. There is an ancient style (lice) in front of Yinshi River 16. There are cows, horses, sheep and pigs (Zhu)
"clutch lifting sound" refers to the puzzle that is still dominated by increasing loss clutch, supplemented by lifting sound. This kind of puzzle is the most abundant in homophonic crossword puzzle. It is because the mystery source is vast, and the mysterious person can choose the case freely. The "body sound" crossword puzzle is a kind of crossword puzzle based on the "disyllabic" and "homophonic" crossword puzzles. Mystery is better than natural fluency. Considering the seven-character puzzle, it is better to read it out loud. Due to the limitation of space, readers are kindly requested to identify the characteristics of the above riddles and will not analyze them here.
V pictophonetic characters and rhyming puzzles
17. This day is close to Chang 'an, but it is still far away. When we meet, the geese break up (feast).
18. Spring has gone with the running water, so you should wear makeup (comb).
19. The twin peaks are as muddy as sleep, and the birds are talking privately.
This kind of riddle combines various techniques, such as disassembling, interpreting and raising the voice, and forms a riddle in the form of seven-character verse. Commonly known as "rhyme puzzle". Puzzles must be hierarchical and related. If you take both songs and sentences, the mystery will become more elegant and lasting. For example, in the case of 17, the sentence "It's getting closer and closer to Chang 'an" is taken from the canon of Shi Shuo Su Hui. 18 Answer with Reading Sound is a poem written by Lu You. 19 cases have vivid pictograms and concise words, although they have not learned from the scriptures. This mystery requires the author to have a solid foundation in poetry and be proficient in mystery. Generally speaking, people who are not familiar with poetry should not do it.
Six, homophonic homophonic buckle class
20. Ju Peng Yunyou Merchant Juyuan (word) 2 1. Red in the face and half singing on the river (cavity)
22. I want to leave a voice by the willow tree (I am afraid). 23. Leave your friends as soon as possible (summer)
"Homophonic homophonic" refers to a way of taking the rhyme part of a poem (or rhyme) from a crossword puzzle and matching it with the pronunciation, rhyme, intonation, singing, leveling, disyllabic and intonation commonly used in rhyme books. The above four cases are taken from "Ping Shui Yun" in "Poetry Rhyme". For example, 20 "Yan" belong to "Thirteen Yuan" and "Ju Peng". A Peking Opera actor named Yan is named after a famous enterprise. 2 1 "cavity" belongs to "Sanjiang" rhyme, and half of the face, face and red are "cavities". 22 "Zhu" belongs to the rhyme of "six words", and the rest are discounted. "Summer" belongs to the rhyme of "horse", and "friend" and "summer" are scattered up and down. This mystery is not difficult to do, as long as you have a rhyme book in your hand, you can get it at any time. Riddles are slightly more chewy than the word "body sound". This riddle evolved from the riddle of "Yun Tong", which I don't advocate. For example, Xie Huixin devoted a chapter to "Yun Tong" in his comments, and took "Guangyun Custom Pass" as an example to talk about Redjade. In the riddle, "wind" and "red" belong to the rhyme of "East" and "vulgarity" and "jade" belong to the rhyme of "Wo".
Seven, reverse pinyin class
24. The sound tangent of raindrops in the sky (1) 25. Yun Jiusheng sighed loudly (yes) 26. Gu Hu sincerely forgave his sins.
"Anti-tangent" is the main phonetic notation method in ancient Chinese. "Anti-cutting" was used in slang and was very popular in Ming and Qing Dynasties. As a puzzle, "anti-tangent" has been seen in the puzzle books of Qing Dynasty. Mr. Ke Guozhen's book Mystery has a detailed introduction to "anti-grid", which readers can refer to for themselves. Xie Huixin (explanation) created an example of syncopation: using "East" to shoot the ancient "Dongping". That is, the flat sound of "East" is "East". But this is not what we call syncopation now. The last three examples use the initials and finals of "Raindrop", "Yunjiu" and "Guhu" to pinyin, and then cut the sounds into puzzles. For example, the ancient initial is G, and Hu's vowel is U, which is just the pinyin of "ancient", and then the original meaning of "ancient" is "sin". I dare not explain the rest of the analogy. Pay attention to the use of "cut" and "reverse" in riddles. Otherwise, readers don't know what to say.
Eight, other buckle class
27. Travel around the world after reading English (1)
This case belongs to the works of contemporary young mysterious people and is full of innovative spirit. The word "one" in English is "one", which sounds like "end" in Chinese. In addition, the "world" was torn down, so "one" was photographed. This is a typical phonetic puzzle that uses homophonic "materials" other than Chinese characters to make puzzles. With the continuous development of lantern riddles, such "homophonic puzzles" will appear at any time.
The above eight kinds of homophonic puzzles are the main components of this kind of puzzles in contemporary times. Due to the limited level and academic ability, its classification may not be very accurate. I sincerely hope that people of insight will point out the mistakes.
Contemporary homophonic crossword puzzles have developed rapidly. This is the need and necessity of the times, and it is also the result of the tenacious struggle of enigmas. "Homophonic crossword puzzles" not only did not abandon the traditional methods of clutch and understanding, but also blended what the ancients wanted to do but dared not do. It deepens the artistic expression of riddles and expands the creative source of riddles, which should be affirmed. However, due to the uneven level of contemporary riddles, the rapid production of puzzles and the lack of meticulous carving, the works are mixed. There are always excellent works and many inferior fakes. If "listening to the rain in front of the window" is "different" (different tradition), it is a crossword puzzle with wrong pronunciation. Look up the "Yi" in The Chinese Dictionary and Pei Fu, and there is no "Yi" in the rhyme of "Yu". It's neither harmonious nor harmonious. Is a failure.
There is no doubt about it. Another example is "Chang 'an at sunset" and "Yan Sheng" shooting "Yan". On the surface, it seems that the sounds of "Yan" and "Yan" are connected. However, the "length" of "Chang 'an" does not necessarily mean "elongation", but also means "long place". In addition, the words "Yan, Yan and Yan" are homophonic, which leads to a mystery. If you don't examine this flaw carefully, it is difficult to find its flaw. Therefore, we must attach great importance to the appreciation and evaluation of puzzles.
The contemporary "homophonic crossword puzzle" is still a primary product in the exploration stage, and many works have not yet reached the realm of abnormal perfection and natural fascination. It is not advisable to exaggerate or simply ignore it. Only by constantly learning mysteries and strengthening the cultivation of classical culture can we make great progress in this field.
Homophonic ancient poems