14 Han tombs were excavated from the southern slope of Wuyingshan in the northern suburb of Jinan, Shandong Province in the spring of 1969. Among the unearthed cultural relics, a plate of musical and acrobatic pottery figurines from the Western Han Dynasty was found. Four of these terracotta figures are doing gymnastics, two are doing handstands symmetrically and two are bowing. Moreover, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Hua Tuo developed the "Five-Animal Play" inspired by animals. Although it is designed for physical fitness, its graceful movements can already see the clue of gymnastics.
After the Tang and Song Dynasties, gymnastics developed further, with pairs and group movements, and many complicated somersaults were combined with acrobatic performances.
As for instrumental gymnastics, as early as the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a "lever" among the people in China, which was very similar to modern instrumental gymnastics.
1840 post-modern gymnastics was introduced to China after the Opium War. At that time, gymnastics was very backward and there were no mass gymnastics activities. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, gymnastics was set up in the "foreign school", in the schools reformed and developed by the reformists, and in the educational curriculum standards of bourgeois reform during the China Revolution. As an urgent requirement for the all-round development of education or human rights and the development of saving the country, it can be said that it is the predecessor of physical education class today. However, only at the Third National Games in 1924 did the national gymnastics performance with incomplete events for decades be held.
At present, gymnastics in China has made rapid progress and has become one of the main events to win gold medals. In the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, China won 65,438+04 medals and 9 gymnastics gold medals.
Gymnastics is a kind of physical exercise with bare hands or equipment. "Gymnastics: originated from ancient Greek, and its Italian is" naked technique ",because it was all naked practice at that time, and was later adopted by European and American countries. China is called "gymnastics". Its meaning and content change with the times.
The official name of modern gymnastics is competitive gymnastics, which is a branch of gymnastics, also called gymnastics for short. This is a complex and coordinated action on the specified equipment, and it is scored according to the score of the action or the difficulty, arrangement and completion of the action.
Modern gymnastics originated in 18 and 19 centuries. At that time, Germany, Sweden and Denmark appeared in Europe, which not only promoted the further development of gymnastics, but also laid the foundation for the formation of modern gymnastics. 1952 Helsinki Olympic Games listed gymnastics as an official event.
At present, there are world cup, world championship and Olympic gymnastics competitions in the world. International and domestic large-scale gymnastics competitions generally include three different and interrelated competitions, namely, team competition, individual all-around competition and individual competition.