Dǒu gǒng is a unique structure of ancient Han architecture in China. At the joint of column and beam, the arch load-bearing structure added from the top of column is called arch, and the square block between arches is called bucket. Collectively known as the bucket arch. Also known as "bow" and "bow".
Bucket arch is a unique shape in ancient architecture in China, and it is the transition part between the column and the roof of a larger building. Its function is to bear the eaves of the capital, concentrate the weight directly on the pillars, or indirectly put it on the forehead and then transfer it to the pillars. Generally speaking, all very important or memorable buildings have bucket arches.
Rocking the arch makes people feel mysterious. It is also unique in aesthetics and structure. Whether from the artistic or technical point of view, the bucket arch is enough to symbolize and represent the spirit and temperament of China classical architecture. The middle extension of the bucket arch is still called the main head. Carved with a vertical double blue faucet. Semi-three-dimensional flame beads are carved on both sides of the arch plate of the cushion, symbolizing good luck.
Bucket arch is a unique shape in ancient architecture in China, and it is the transition part between the column and the roof of a larger building. Its function is to bear the eaves of the capital, concentrate the weight directly on the pillars, or indirectly put it on the forehead and then transfer it to the pillars. Generally speaking, all very important or memorable buildings have bucket arches.
Rocking the arch makes people feel mysterious. It also has a unique style in aesthetics and structure. Whether from the artistic or technical point of view, the bucket arch is enough to symbolize and represent the spirit and temperament of China classical architecture. The middle extension of the bucket arch is still called the main head. Carved with a vertical double blue faucet. Semi-three-dimensional flame beads are carved on both sides of the arch plate of the cushion, symbolizing good luck.
Bucket arches are placed on column purlins under the eaves, and short wooden layers called arches are selected to support the eaves or beam heads. The small wooden blocks between the short wooden layers are called buckets or liters, and the whole is a bucket arch. Bucket arches have different names according to different parts or times. For example, in the Song Dynasty, the general stigma, oblique stigma and the bucket arch placed on the forehead of diaphragm were called stigma shop, corner shop and gap shop, while in the Qing Dynasty, they were called stigma shop, corner shop and body shop respectively.
The earliest image of the bucket arch can be found on the bucket arch used in the bronze life bamboo of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and there are also groups of bucket arches in the bronze sculpture of the Warring States Period. Stone reliefs, brick reliefs, murals, funerary wares, stone tombs and tombs in the Han Dynasty all show the group of fighting arches, and most of them are paved with capitals. By the Tang Dynasty, the Dougong had reached a relatively mature stage, and there were patches, most of which had only one flower, which was simpler than the stigma paving method.
The eaves of contemporary buildings are far-reaching, and the arches are large and spacious, which shows the structural beauty of the arches. In the Song Dynasty, there were more and more patchwork and more complicated shapes, which were basically the same as the paving of the stigma, and the size of the bucket arch became smaller, reflecting that the structural function of the bucket arch was gradually weakened and the decorative function was strengthened.
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