Series connection and parallel connection of circuits are two basic connection modes in electronic circuits, and each connection mode has its own unique characteristics and conclusions.
In a series circuit, each electrical appliance or element is connected in the circuit one by one, and there is only one path for current to flow. Therefore, the current in the series circuit is equal everywhere, and the total voltage is equal to the sum of the voltages of all electrical appliances. If any electrical appliance or element in the series circuit is disconnected, the whole circuit will be interrupted and the rest of the electrical appliances or elements will not work.
In contrast, in a parallel circuit, each electrical appliance or element is connected side by side in the circuit, and there are many paths for current to flow. So the voltage in the parallel circuit is equal everywhere, and the total current is equal to the current of the existing electrical appliance plus the current of the newly working electrical appliance. If any electrical appliance or component in the parallel circuit is disconnected, other electrical appliances or components can still work normally because they have their own independent current paths.
Functions of series and parallel circuits:
1, series and parallel circuits have different functions in electronic circuits, and their functions and effects are also different.
2. The main function of series circuit is to divide the voltage. In a series circuit, the sum of the voltages of each appliance or element is equal to the total voltage. Therefore, if two appliances or components are connected in series, each appliance or component will bear half of the total voltage. This connection is often used in circuits that need voltage division, such as adjusting the brightness of LED lamps or controlling the speed of motors.
3. The main function of parallel circuit is shunt. In the parallel circuit, the currents of each electric appliance or element are independent, and they will not affect each other. Therefore, if two appliances or components are connected in parallel, they will bear the same voltage respectively, but the current will flow through different paths respectively. This connection is often used in circuits that need shunt, such as lighting multiple LED lights or controlling multiple motors at the same time.
4. Series and parallel circuits can also be used to change the impedance and capacitive reactance of resistors and capacitors. For example, if two resistors are connected in series, the total resistance is equal to the sum of the resistance values of the two resistors; When two capacitors are connected in parallel, the total capacitance is equal to the sum of the two capacitors.