1. On-site description of ancient marriage
On the wedding day, the bride and groom held a worship ceremony. The two groomsmen appeared as "Yin Zan" and "Tong Zan" respectively. The process of worshiping is as follows:
Introduction: The groom stands in front of the sedan chair.
Tongzan: start the sedan chair, and the new couple will get up.
Introducing praise: The groom bows (invites the bride with his hands)
Introducing praise: The groom and the bride go straight to the front of the flower hall.
Introducing praise: The bride and groom are in place.
Tongzan: The bride and groom offer incense.
Introduce praise: Kneel down and offer incense.
Tongzan: Kneel down, kowtow, kowtow again, kowtow three times,
Then there are the three common bows in TV dramas: one bow to heaven and earth, two bows to the high hall, husband and wife bow to each other, and finally enter. The bridal chamber. 2. Sentences describing marriage in ancient times, urgent and clear
In ancient China, the marriages of young Chinese Han people were mostly arranged by their parents. Most of them were engaged by their parents since they were young, and some even married their children. Before they were born, their parents established a marriage relationship for them.
No marriage between men and women with the same surname: that is, men and women with the same surname should not marry each other. This rule began in the early Western Zhou Dynasty and was a legacy left over from when the Zhou people practiced exogamy. During the Spring and Autumn Period, it was further understood that marriages with the same surname would cause deformities and infertility in offspring, but marriages with the same surname still occurred from time to time among the nobles.
After the Warring States Period, the family name was used as the surname. After the Han Dynasty, surnames were not distinguished, so it was common for people with the same surname not to marry. By the Tang Dynasty, marriages with the same surname were prohibited according to the ancient system.
There was a Tang law in the Song and Yuan dynasties, and people with the same surname used the stick to get married and divorced. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the area was larger and the population was large. It had already become a region-based society, replacing the original clan based on blood.
Therefore, the "Ming Code" and the "Qing Code" both classify people with the same surname and the same clan. On the surface, both laws prohibit intermarriage, but in fact, people with the same surname but different clans can get married. In the late Qing Dynasty, the laws were compiled to combine the non-marriage between people with the same surname and the non-marriage between relatives, and only prohibited marriage within the same clan.
Before getting engaged, a matchmaker should be invited to the bride’s house to propose marriage. When getting engaged, the man will give the woman some property as a "betrothal gift". When getting married, the woman will also bring a lot of property to the man's family, which is called a "dowry".
On the wedding day, the groom will get in a limo or sedan and go to the bride’s home to “welcome” her bride. There will be a band in front of the limo or sedan. After the bride is welcomed into the groom's home, she must pay homage to heaven, earth and her parents.
After the ceremony, the newlyweds enter the bridal chamber. At this time, the groom's family held a banquet to entertain relatives and friends who came to congratulate him.
In some places, it is still customary to make trouble in the wedding room and listen to others. Check the date: Han marriage customs.
Also known as reporting the date. Popular in most areas of China.
A step in rural marriage negotiation. After the young man and woman get to know each other, they inform their parents and ask a matchmaker to communicate. The man gives the woman a gift and then decides on a wedding date.
In the old days, fortune tellers were often asked to arrange the "eight characters", and the fortune teller would only proceed if their fortunes matched. In some places, both parents meet to betroth their children.
For example: in Quanzhou County, after both parties reach an agreement, the matchmaker will send wine, meat, clothing and materials to the woman on behalf of the man, and will accompany the woman’s parents and uncle to the man’s house on an agreed date, and the man will host a banquet. The young man holds a pot and pours wine, first to the woman's uncle and then to his own uncle, and then to the guest and then the host.
The two parties agreed on a wedding date and the engagement was successful. Afterwards, the man and woman give the woman heavy gifts and betrothal money, the woman prepares the dowry, the man prepares furniture, and the wedding is held as scheduled.
If the woman is urging the marriage, she will make a pair of glutinous rice cakes (commonly known as "reunion cakes") and send them to the man's house. The man will understand, treat him warmly and invite his neighbors to accompany him. Generally, the woman's suggestion to advance the wedding date is respected.
Helangge: A Han marriage custom popular in Xing'an County in northeastern Guangxi. After the church service and dinner, relatives and friends gathered around the groom in the main hall and sang congratulatory songs.
Improvised congratulatory messages, including joking and humorous remarks. Relatives and friends sing a song, and the groom drinks a glass of wine.
Sing until midnight to send the groom into the bridal chamber. The female singer waits behind closed doors, while the man and woman sing "Opening the Door Song" due to each other, and then open the door after enjoying themselves.
After entering the house, sing and make noise in the room, from "Congratulations to the groom on one glass of wine" to "Ten glasses", and the groom drinks from 1 to 10 glasses in sequence (if you are not strong enough to drink, the male singer can drink on his behalf). Then "Mate Wine" is sung, and the newlyweds drink together.
Finally, the singer knocked on the door and sang "Knocking on the Door Song" to end the wedding. Sitting in the red hall: a Han marriage custom popular in Quanzhou County in northeastern Guangxi. On the eve of their marriage, young men and women worship their ancestors in their own homes and receive admonitions from their elders.
The bride wears a red pendant and is accompanied by her classmates. She sits in the hall and sings the "Weeping Wedding Song" softly and euphemistically to remember her parents and express the love between sisters. The sisters told the bride to be filial to the elderly and to be harmonious with her brothers and sisters after she came home, and praised the groom for his handsomeness and hard work.
When the bride expressed her dissatisfaction, the sisters tried to comfort her. Singing late into the night, Yi Yiyi bid farewell and gave gifts.
The groom was also accompanied by his brothers and sat in the main hall of his home, receiving the teachings from his elders about being diligent, thrifty and managing the family and how to behave in the world. After the teaching, the old man retired, the young men joked and chased the groom, and the fun ended late at night.
Asking for keys: Han marriage custom is popular in Quanzhou County in northeastern Guangxi. The bride's wedding key is held by the "bridal groom" appointed by her younger siblings or nephews.
Before the ceremony, the groom sends a package to the groom to ask for the key so that he can open the box after the ceremony and display the rice, money and goods inside, symbolizing a bumper harvest and a wealthy family after the marriage. There were too few bridegrooms to accept the bridegroom, and the groom added many times.
The groom accepts the package, and after the groom obtains the key, he happily pays homage to the bride. House-viewing: One of the Han wedding customs and an important procedure in rural marriage negotiations.
Also known as housekeeping and housekeeping. Popular in most counties and townships in Guangxi.
At that time, the woman and two girls called "accompanying aunts", accompanied by more than 10 relatives and friends, will visit the men and women to check on their families (some women will not go there themselves). The man hosted a banquet for the guests.
The matchmaker introduces the parties to the marriage proposal. When the woman's relatives and friends ask for financial gifts on her behalf, the man usually agrees and gives "travel money" to the guests.
The next day, both parties discussed in detail through a matchmaker. In some places, it is even allowed to enter the inner chamber of the man who is planning to marry, rummage through the cabinets, and check the true situation, and then discuss the marriage through a matchmaker.
Black house robbery: a Han marriage custom popular in He County, Guidong. In Xiacheng Mountain District, after the bride cried for two days and two nights, she hid in a dark room with her female companions early in the morning on the wedding day.
After the wedding team of men and women arrived, the bride's brother (or cousin) and the powerful young man broke in through the door. The female companion threw sand and waved bamboo branches to resist.
The snatcher tried to drag the female companions out of the door to eliminate interference. If the two snatchers are defeated, the number of people will increase to 4 or even 10, until the bride is forced to go out.
Then the two (or four) women in the groom's wedding team take turns carrying the bride to the groom's house. During the competition for bride-grabs, men wiped pots and smoke on women while women tore off men's clothes, turning the ancient tradition of bride-grabs into a slapstick game between young men and women.
Colorful sayings in worship hall: Han marriage custom, popular in most counties and villages in Guangxi. An important procedure in the wedding.
The groom's uncle often lights a pair of wedding candles on the altar table and says congratulations and blessings. For example, colorful sayings are commonly used in He County, Guidong: "The dragon shines alone, shining high in the palace, the husband and wife live together, and they are blessed with fortune and wealth." "
After the congratulatory speech, the bride and groom worshiped heaven, earth, ancestors, and got married. Returning to the door: ancient Chinese Han marriage customs.
That is, on the third, sixth, seventh, ninth, or tenth day after the marriage or on the full moon, the son-in-law will return to his natal home with the bride, bringing gifts, to visit his wife's parents and relatives. The ceremony of becoming a son-in-law is now complete.
This custom originated in ancient times and is generally called "Guining", which refers to visiting people home after marriage. 3. What are the ancient poems about weddings?
1. The festival of wine and sacrifice in the autumn society, and the flute and drum to welcome the newlyweds.
Source: Song Dynasty Lu You's "Ten Poems on Autumn Nights with Rhymes of a Dog Barking in an Isolated Village, a Waning Moon, and Several People"
Interpretation: The food is richer than the autumn sacrifices, and it is lively. Musical instruments are played to welcome the newlyweds.
2. The flowers and candles in Luo City are moving, and Qi Li is painting new moths.
Source: Tang Dynasty Yang Shidao's "Watching a Wedding at the First Night"
Interpretation: The shadows of flowers and candles are moving in Luoyang City, the bride draws Emei and puts on makeup, and relatives and neighbors are beaming with joy.
3. The red candles were lit in the bridal chamber last night, waiting to pay homage to my uncle and aunt in front of the Xiaotang Hall.
Source: Tang Dynasty Zhu Qingyu's "Recent Examination of Zhang Ji Shuibu"
Explanation: The wedding room was lit up with candles and flowers all night long, waiting for dawn to visit the parents-in-law for praise.
4. Remember the first time we met in the bridal chamber. Then we just get together and get together. How could a small gathering of joy turn into a feeling of separation. It's late spring, and the scenery is full of flowers and wild catkins. I am afraid of the beautiful scenery, so I will go back with Yi.
Source: Song Dynasty Liu Yong's "Day and Night Music: Remembering the First Meeting in the Bridal Room"
Translation: I remember the scene in the bridal chamber when we first met, and just want to be together forever. Who knew that a brief tryst would turn into the last love before separation, and it happened to be in the waning late spring. Looking at the catkins floating in the sky, I was panicking that this beautiful spring scene would all disappear with his departure.
5. The bridal chamber is deep, illuminated by screen lights, and the mountains are green and green. Listening to the cold raindrops on the plantains at night, breaking the sweet dream by the red window, the fine dragon smoke floating in the embroidered quilt. I have left my favor and returned to Changxin for a long time. The phoenix tent is sparse and sparse, and the pepper hall is idle.
Source: Du Mu of the Tang Dynasty, "Eight-Six Sons: Deep in the Bridal Room"
Translation: In the deep room where the concubine lives; the light shines on the screen with pictures, and the words on the screen The mountain color is rich green and looks particularly quaint and solemn. Hearing the sound of the cold night rain hitting the plantains interrupted the sweet dreams in the room.
When I woke up, I saw the incense smoke from the climbing dragon incense burner floating in the sky above the embroidered satin quilt. I have lost the favor of the emperor and have lived in Changxin Palace for a long time. The tents are desolate and desolate. The original Jiao Palace is idle and useless, with the doors locked and deserted.
6.
The married woman is your wife, but the mat does not warm your bed.
Wedding in the evening and saying goodbye in the morning are all too hasty.
Source: Du Fu's "Wedding Farewell" in the Tang Dynasty
Translation: The two became a married couple, and they couldn't even sleep on a warm bed.
We got married hastily last night and said goodbye hastily this morning. Isn’t this wedding period too short? Too short! 4. Ask the ancients to write poems about the bride's life
The Newlyweds Author: Wang Jian
Go to the kitchen for three days,
wash your hands and make soup.
I’m not familiar with my aunt’s food habits,
I sent my aunt to taste it first.
Wang Jian (about 767-about 830) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. His courtesy name was Zhongchu, a native of Xuzhou (now Xuchang, Henan). He once served as Sima of Shaanzhou. He is the author of "Collection of Wang Sima".
This poem is one of the three poems "The Bride" written by the poet.
Poets in the past have written many poems about brides, and Wang Jian’s poem is very interesting. What's so wonderful about it? There are three advantages:
First, the angle is novel. The poet does not write about the newlyweds from the well-known perspective of dressing up, sitting in a sedan chair, worshiping heaven and earth, drinking wedding wine, entering the bridal chamber, etc. Instead, he writes the "entry point" first on the third day after the bride gets married. He is very discerning when it comes to cooking.
The second is that there are paintings in the poems. This short poem of twenty words vividly depicts the scene when the bride goes to the kitchen for the first time to prepare food and let her sister-in-law taste it first. It is really a wonderful picture.
The third one is philosophical. The third and fourth sentences of the poem are very interesting. The bride has just arrived at her husband's house, and she doesn't know her mother-in-law's eating habits and tastes. She doesn't know whether she likes saltier or lighter dishes, so she needs to do some research. Who should I ask to investigate? The most effective and convenient thing is to let my sister-in-law taste it first, because my sister-in-law is the most familiar with her mother's eating habits and taste. 5. What are the sentences describing the red wedding dress in ancient times?
The red lotus is enough, the red dress is bare hands, and the brocade cover is smiling shyly.
Fengguanxiapei: The attire worn by rich women when they got married in the old days to show their glory. Also refers to the dress worn by an official's wife.
From the fourth chapter of "Xiaoxiang Yu" by Yang Xianzhi of the Yuan Dynasty: "I took off this golden flower eight-treasure phoenix crown, took off this cloud and colorful robe, and gave them to Miss Zhang's dressing table. , I am willing to accept the plum fragrance. "Historical origin: Bai Juyi of the Tang Dynasty sang in "Songs of Colorful Feather Clothes and Wei Zhi": "The rainbow robes are waving their hats, and the pearls are worn in the mountains."
Every time I read this, I think of those women who left the court in ancient times wearing phoenix crowns and Xiapei. I envy them very much. On the happiest day of their lives, they could dress up so gorgeously, with their tassels hanging down, and their jade-belted python robes. , with a floral pleated skirt underneath and bright red embroidered shoes, a touch of richness and joy fills her body, just like the happiness overflowing in her heart. Thinking of the phoenix crown and habei as the concubine's attire, and worshiping heaven and earth as the emperor's gift to the sky, Chinese folk believe that a woman is also a king in her life.
The origin of the bride wearing the phoenix crown and xiapei. Since the Song Dynasty, the phoenix crown and xiapei has been stipulated that only married women with a certain grade can wear it. However, it is also a traditional wedding dress for folk women. In an ancient society with a strict hierarchical clothing system, how could folk women be allowed to enjoy the honor of wearing phoenix crowns and harems when they get married, so that girls can dress up so noblely when they get married, sit side by side with the emperor's concubines, and enjoy this supreme honor? Woolen cloth? Xue Baochai's Fengguan Xiapei According to legend, at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Jin soldiers invaded the south and abducted the emperor's grandson. Song Huizong's son Kang Wang Zhao Gou escaped in a hurry and went straight to the south of the Yangtze River.
When I arrived at Qianjin Village in Xidian, I suddenly saw a ruined temple on the roadside, with a girl sitting on a grain basket in front of the temple. When the girl saw King Kang escaping, she was so anxious that she asked him to hide in the grain basket, but she still sat on the grain basket as if nothing had happened.
When Jin Bing caught up with the girl and asked her if anyone was passing by, she calmly pointed her finger and said that they had fled to the south. Jin Bing believed it to be true and chased towards the south.
As a result, King Kang escaped from this murderous disaster. He was grateful and loved the beautiful and witty little girl in front of him very much, so he gave her a red handkerchief he was carrying. He told her his identity and said: "I will marry you today next year. Then you only need to wave the red handkerchief on the mountain, and I will recognize you."
King Kang ascended the throne after arriving in Hangzhou , after becoming Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty, he went to marry the girl as promised. Unexpectedly, the girl missed the free and easy life of the people, and was reluctant to leave her father and fellow villagers behind and refused to enter the palace. But he was afraid that the emperor's order would be difficult to disobey, so he prepared a lot of red handkerchiefs and asked the sisters from all sides to wave the red handkerchiefs all day long, so that Gaozong could not recognize them, so he had to give up.
However, in order to repay his life-saving grace, Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty still issued an imperial edict: "All women from Zhejiang can be crowned kings!" This made the accompanying etiquette officer worried, and said to the emperor: "Why can't all the women from Zhejiang be crowned kings? Come on?" Gaozong thought for a while and said, "What's so difficult about this? Just let them all wear Xia Pei when they get married!" From then on, the girls all wore Xia Pei, red robes, and red skirts when they got married. He also did not forget to cover his face with the red scarf presented by King Kang. This custom has been carried on from generation to generation until today, and is known to young and old. 6. Description of brides in ancient times
On the day of welcoming the bride, the bride usually wears bright red clothes to express auspiciousness and joy. Nowadays, it is also the custom to wear a long white dress.
When the bride left home, she cried as she walked away to show her longing for her family. The bride comes to the groom's house and the wedding ceremony begins.
In some places, the woman has to step across a brazier in the courtyard in order to burn away the unlucky things and make the couple's life prosperous in the future.
After the bride enters the room, the ceremony follows one after another.
The first is to worship in the church: one is to worship heaven and earth, the second is to worship parents; the third is to worship each other as husband and wife. Then, have a drink.
In the new house, the newlyweds also cut some of each other's hair and keep it together as a token of their relationship. The climax of the wedding is the wedding banquet, also called the "wedding banquet".
So people talk about attending a wedding as "drinking wedding wine". Folk wedding banquets pay attention to ostentation, because it is an aspect that expresses the solemnity of the wedding, so it is highly valued.
During the banquet, the bride should personally pour wine and dishes for the guests, and thank the guests for coming. The new house is also called the "wedding room" or the "bridal chamber". The bridal chamber is the last activity of the wedding, and the participants are mostly unmarried young men and women.
People try all kinds of ways to have fun, or pose problems to the couple, do funny things, or let the couple perform performances, etc. The purpose is to increase the joyful atmosphere of the wedding and make the couple unforgettable.