There are many kinds of masks on the market, and their types are determined according to their labels and structures when purchasing. The masks with different protective functions are listed below.
1 disposable medical mask
Photo | Disposable medical mask
Product standard:
YY/T 0969
Filtration efficiency level:
The barrier properties of particulate matter are not specified.
Performance:
Not tight, with basic health indicators.
Main application scenarios:
Medical staff: It has nothing to do with this novel coronavirus epidemic.
The patient in the isolation ward
Public places: non-crowded places, no confirmed or suspected patients.
2. Medical surgical masks
Picture | Medical surgical mask
Product standard:
YY 0469
Filtration efficiency level:
≥ 30%
Performance:
Non-compact type; Anti-blood permeability; Surface moisture resistance.
Main application scenarios:
Medical staff: It has nothing to do with this novel coronavirus epidemic.
The patient in the isolation ward
Public places: non-crowded places, no confirmed or suspected patients.
3, medical protective mask
Picture | Medical protective mask
Product standard:
GB 19083
Filtration efficiency level:
1 grade ≥ 95%; Grade II ≥ 99%; Grade III ≥99.97%
Performance:
Closed; Anti-blood permeability; Surface moisture resistance.
Main application scenarios:
Medical staff: fever clinics, emergency rooms, isolation wards and other workplaces with suspected and confirmed patients.
4, particulate matter protective mask
Picture | Particulate matter protective mask
Product standard:
GB 2626 or NIOSH 42 CFR part 84
Filtration efficiency level:
KN90/95/ 100； n90/95/ 100； FFP 1/2/3； Specified protection coefficient: 10
Performance:
Closed; There can be an exhalation valve.
Main application scenarios:
Medical staff: medical protective masks can be used as a supplement when the supply is insufficient, but it is not recommended to be used in high humidity areas such as operating rooms or areas where there is a risk of splashing body fluids.
Public: protection and use in crowded places. The protective effect is better than disposable medical masks and medical surgical masks, and the barrier ability to particles is equivalent to that of medical protective masks.
5. Protective mask (with P 100 cotton filter)
Picture | Protective mask
Product standard:
GB 2626 or NIOSH 42 CFR part 84
Filtration efficiency level:
Prescribed protection coefficient: half face 10, full face 100.
Performance:
Closed; Exhale valve.
Main application scenarios:
Medical staff: for emergency use, the protection level is higher than that of medical protective masks. Full face can be used for intubation and incision of patients or suspected patients.
Precautions for use:
Medical personnel engaged in patient treatment, disease control personnel engaged in on-site investigation, sampling and detection of incidents, cleaning and security service personnel in hospital isolation areas, etc. should take stricter protective measures when engaging in epidemic prevention and control. These personnel should also consider system protection. In addition to protective masks, they should also choose appropriate protective clothing, goggles (goggles), protective screens, protective gloves and shoe covers.
Patients with basic respiratory diseases need to use protective masks under the guidance of doctors.
Old people and children are susceptible and weak in behavior, so we should pay more attention to them.
Medical surgical masks, log in to official website, State Administration of Medical Products, and enter the registration number of medical devices for inquiry.
Pay close attention to the epidemic situation report issued by the government in time.
Four, the common problems in the use of masks
1. Does the mask with exhalation valve prevent pneumonia virus?
The exhalation valve is a one-way valve for exhalation.
If the wearer does not carry germs, it will be more comfortable to choose a mask with an exhalation valve, which can be used and can prevent viruses;
However, infected people, suspected infected people and close contacts during the incubation period should not choose masks with exhalation valves to avoid polluting the environment and infecting others.
2. Can cotton gauze masks and activated carbon masks prevent the new pneumonia virus?
It has no effect on the prevention and control of this epidemic.
3. Can particulate protective masks prevent pneumonia virus?
You can choose. The protective effect is better than disposable medical masks and surgical masks. Droplet nuclei carrying viruses exist in the air in the form of particles, and the barrier ability of particle protective masks is the same as that of medical protective masks, which can be used for self-protection in crowded places.
4. How do children choose masks?
Children are not recommended to wear adult masks, and most protective mask products may not fit children's faces effectively, resulting in protection failure. It is suggested to choose a particulate matter protective mask product that meets the GB2626-2006 KN95 standard and is marked as suitable for children or adolescents. When purchasing, carefully check whether the mask fits the wearer's face. Parents should pay attention to helping their children wear and use masks. Infants and young children can't wear masks, which may lead to suffocation.
5. How to wear and remove the mask correctly?
Wearing and using masks should be carried out in strict accordance with the product instructions and refer to the videos recommended by the National Health and Wellness Committee. For reference, please refer to the correct wearing method of protective mask and the air tightness inspection method of mask.
As a daily protection, if the public is not exposed to the confirmed or suspected cases, it is only necessary to change the mask when it becomes dirty, damaged, smells bad or has difficulty breathing due to increased resistance. Make sure your hands are clean when putting on and taking off the mask. If you plan to reuse the mask, it should be stored in a dry, clean and ventilated place.
6. Can the mask be cleaned and disinfected?
Ordinary masks cannot be cleaned, heated or disinfected. Cleaning and disinfection methods usually reduce the protective performance of masks. For full-face or half-face protective masks, it is usually a replaceable filter element. This mask can be cleaned or disinfected according to the product instructions, but it is not allowed to clean the filter element.