The origin of the name of typhoon:
Volume 8, Issue 2, 2006 of "Scientific Terminology Research" published Wang Cunzhong's article "Exploring the Origin of Typhoon Nouns and Naming Principles", which discussed "The historical evolution of the word typhoon". The author believes that in ancient times, people called typhoons hurricanes. It was not until the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty that the name "typhoon" was used as a general term for cold wave gales or non-typhoon gales.
There are two theories about the origin of "Typhoon". The first category is the "Zhuanyin theory", which includes three types:
1. Evolved from the Cantonese "big wind";
2. Evolved from the Hokkien "fengtai" Come;
3. During the Dutch occupation of Taiwan, it was named after the character Typhoon in the Greek epic "History of Theocracy".
The second category is "original". Since Taiwan is located at the center of the northward paths of most typhoons in the Pacific and South China Sea, many typhoons pass through the Taiwan Strait and enter the mainland, so they are called typhoons. "Typhoon" is a transliteration word. In English, typhoon is transliterated into English based on the Chinese Cantonese pronunciation toi fong, and then enters the Mandarin vocabulary.
Typhoon refers to a tropical storm that occurs in the Western Pacific or Indian Ocean in American English. If we trace its etymology, there may be few words that can indicate the multi-lingual background of Chinese, Arabic, East Indian and Greek like typhoon.
The Greek word typhon, both the name of the wind god and a common noun meaning "whirlwind, typhoon", was borrowed into Arabic (just as many Greek words entered Arabic in the Middle Ages, when, Arab learning preserved the classical style and at the same time expanded it as it was transmitted to Europe).
Tufan, the Arabic form of Greek, was introduced into the language spoken by Indians when Arabic-speaking Muslim invaders settled in India in the 11th century. In this way, Arabic words derived from Indian languages ??and entered English (first recorded in 1588), and appeared in English in the form of touffon and tufan, which first referred to fierce storms in India.
In China, another word for tropical storms is typhoon. The Cantonese form of the Chinese word toi fung is similar to our Arabic loanword. It was first introduced into English in the form of tuffoon in 1699. The various forms were merged together and finally became typhoon.
Extended information:
Typhoons and hurricanes are both tropical cyclones, but they occur in different places and have different names. They occur in the western North Pacific and west of the International Date Line, including South China. The sea and the East China Sea are called typhoons; while tropical cyclones in the Atlantic or eastern North Pacific are called hurricanes, that is to say, they are called hurricanes in the United States, and they are called typhoons in the Philippines, China, and Japan; if they are in the southern hemisphere, they are called cyclones. .
1. Refers to tropical cyclones in the Asia Pacific and South China Sea;
2. Typhoon is a strong tropical cyclone generated in the tropical ocean;
3. It varies with the place, time and name of occurrence.
The passage of typhoons is often accompanied by strong convective weather such as strong winds and heavy rain or extremely heavy rain. Wind direction rotates counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere (clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere).
The center of the typhoon is a low-pressure center, dominated by the vertical movement of airflow, with calm waves and clear weather; near the eye of the typhoon is a whirlpool wind and rain area with heavy winds and heavy rain. The typhoon with the highest intensity and the lowest pressure near the center in history is Super Typhoon Tip (English: Typhoon Tip, Taiwanese translation: Dipu). The widespread flooding in Japan in 1979 was caused by this typhoon.
The cause of typhoons is that the ground temperature is high and the air flow rises. The sea surface wind and water vapor replenish the ground air along the ground due to their heavy proportion. The low sea surface temperature absorbs the rising air and water vapor from the ground to replenish the space. Due to the large sea surface , the temperature difference is small, a lot of water vapor accumulates above the sea surface, and the rainfall range is wide. When the water vapor condenses, the volume shrinks, and the surrounding water vapor is replenished to form strong winds.
The center of the typhoon is called the eye of the typhoon, and concentric circles with it form the vortex wind and rain area and the peripheral strong wind area from the inside to the outside. The eye of a typhoon is formed because the wind in the typhoon blows counterclockwise, causing the central air to rotate. The centrifugal force caused by the rotation balances with the wind force blowing into the center.
As a result, the strong winds can no longer converge toward the center, resulting in a windless phenomenon within tens of kilometers of the typhoon center. Moreover, due to the sinking and warming of the air, the clouds dissipate and the rain disperses, forming the eye of the typhoon.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Typhoon (meteorological term)