County Hope Guangping County: In the first year of the Zhongyuan Dynasty (149 BC) of Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty, Handan County was divided into Handan County and established as a county, and its governance was in Guangping (now southeast of Jize, Hebei Province). It is equivalent to Nanhe, Jize, Quzhou, Yongnian and part of the northeastern part of Fei Township in the northwest of Ren County, Hebei Province today. Henan County: In the second year of Emperor Gao of the Han Dynasty (205 BC), Sanchuan County of Qin was changed to a county, and its governance was in Yang (now northeast of Luoyang City, Henan Province). Anding County: A county was established in the third year of Yuanding in the Western Han Dynasty (114 BC), and its administrative seat was Gaoping (now Guyuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region).
The origin of "Cheng"
1. The surname is named after the country. According to the "Tongzhi? Clan Briefing? Taking the Country as a Clan", he is a descendant of Chongli (Huozheng). During the reign of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty, his father retired and became the Grand Sima, and was granted the title of Cheng Guo. There was Chengju in Luoyang, that is, its land (in the east of Luoyang City, Henan Province today). At that time, he was called Uncle Cheng and his father, and his descendants took the surname "Cheng" from the feudal state. 2. Taking Yi as the surname. According to "Zuo Zhuan? Du Yu's Notes": In the Spring and Autumn Period, the son of the Xun family of Zhongxing, a state-owned enterprise in the Jin Dynasty, collected food in Cheng Yi, and later took the name of the city "Cheng" as his surname.
Hall names
Mingdaotang, Yichuan Hall, and Lixue Hall: all based on Cheng Yi and Cheng in the Song Dynasty Hao said. Brothers Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao were both students of the great Confucian Zhou Dunyi. Cheng Yi is called "Mr. Yichuan", and Cheng Hao is called "The only person after Mencius". Because they could inherit the tradition of Confucius and Mencius, they were called "Ming Daotang". Er Cheng was giving lectures, and those who were late stood outside the door to listen. The snow was three feet deep and they did not know the cold. There is an idiom "Cheng Men Li Xue", hence the name "Li Xue Tang". Shizhong Hall: According to the Genealogy of the Cheng Family: During the Jiading Period of the Southern Song Dynasty, Cheng Jue, who resigned from a high-ranking official position and returned to his hometown, hoped to build a temple for Cheng Ling, the ancestor of the Cheng family in Xin'an who had made great contributions to the village, so he called for At the Xiuning meeting, he accompanied Guo to a grand meeting with the Cheng family bureaucrats and gentry from Huaitang, She County. After Cheng Lingxi died, he was regarded as a god by the local people. A large stone was stacked under the thousand-year-old tree in front of the tomb as an altar to pray for good weather and rain in the spring and autumn. Since the temple was unprepared and still not solemn enough, Cheng Jue advocated that the leaders donate money to buy land and build a temple for Zhongzhuang Gong Cheng Lingxi. He also begged the court for the Shizhongtang temple to show his virtue. Lili Zhuo, Cheng Tan, accompanied Guo Chengzhang, and Cheng Yu all took precautions. In the 16th year of Jiading reign of Emperor Ningzong of the Song Dynasty, Cheng Ling was granted the temple title Shizhong. The hall name was also called Shizhong Hall. This should be the name of the main branch hall of the Cheng family in Xin'an. The surname Cheng also has the following names: "Andingtang", "Guangpingtang", "Xuluntang", "Honglitang", "Sizhentang", etc.
Migration distribution
In the Spring and Autumn Period, the surname Cheng had been distributed in Jize, Hebei, Luoyang, Henan, and Xianyang, Shaanxi. At the end of the year, Cheng Ben, a famous scholar from the Jin Dynasty, moved to Qilu. The three families were divided into Jin, and Cheng Ying's descendants moved to Handan, the capital of Zhao. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Cheng Zheng, a native of Lu, moved his family to Qionglai, Shu County (now part of Sichuan Province), and other people with the Cheng surname moved to Wucheng, Zhejiang and Nanchang, Jiangxi. In short, during the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Cheng surname had multiplied in the area south of the Great Wall in North China. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cheng Pu (Fengrun, Hebei Province) settled in Jiankang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province). The descendants of Cheng Yuanzhang (Chengju, Shangcheng, Luoyang) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty settled in Huangdun, She County, Anhui. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, they were from Nandun, Runan (now Xiangcheng, Henan Province). Cheng Bingnan moved to Jiaozhou (now Guangzhou City) for a long time, and some of his branches settled in Chengxiang (now Meizhou, Guangdong Province). During the Western Jin Dynasty, some people with the surname Cheng became officials in Wuwei and Zhangye, Gansu Province. The people of the Cheng surname began to take root in the northwest of the motherland. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, more than 2,000 households of the Cheng family in Luoyang were moved to Dongsheng Prefecture (today's Tuoketuo, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region) to settle down. During the Five Dynasties, the Cheng family from Xin'an in the south of the Yangtze River moved back from Anhui to Boye, Zhongshan (now Li County, Hebei Province), and some of their descendants moved to Liquan, Shaanxi. In short, during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, at the junction of present-day Anhui and Zhejiang provinces, the distribution of people with the Cheng surname became increasingly dense, and gradually spread to Jiangsu, Jiangxi, and Fujian. At the same time, people with the Cheng surname already live in this vast area, extending from the Pearl River Basin in Lingnan to the south, to the Mongolian grasslands outside the Great Wall in the north, to the Hexi Corridor in the west, and to the eastern coast in the east.
Kaifeng was the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and Luoyang was the capital of Xijing, which revived the Cheng surname in Henan. When the Jin soldiers went south, the descendants of Yiluo and Cheng also moved south with the Song Dynasty. Cheng Hao's eldest son moved to Wu County, Jiangsu, and Cheng Yi's eldest son moved to Liu'an, Anhui. , the second son moved to Jincheng (now Jurong, Jiangsu Province), and the third son moved to Chizhou (now Guichi, Anhui Province). Since the Southern Song Dynasty, the Henan Cheng surname has become one of the main sources of the reproduction of the Cheng surname in Jiangnan, my country. During the Shaoxing period of the Southern Song Dynasty, some people with the Cheng surname in Luoyang moved to Guilin and Guizhou. In the Yuan Dynasty, Cheng Yi's ninth grandson Cheng Deyong returned to Luoyang from Chizhou. The ethnic minorities in Guizhou already had the surname Cheng. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the surname Cheng was already distributed in vast areas of our country. Historically, the distribution of surname Cheng was mainly in Henan, Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong and other provinces in the north; and in Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Guangdong and other provinces in the south. Today, the Cheng surnames distributed in Henan, Anhui, Sichuan and Shandong provinces account for 60% of the Cheng surnames in the country. Among them, Henan has the most. It is said that the Cheng surname has formed ninety-eight factions in the country, of which Henan has eighteen factions, the largest number of factions. The surname Cheng is the 31st most common surname in China today. It has a large population, accounting for about 0.59% of the country's Han population.