Lu Tong has a son named Tian Ding who likes to scribble and often makes Lu Tong's books dirty and messy. Therefore, Lu Tong wrote a poem: "Suddenly turn over the ink on the case and smear the poetry book like an old crow." Describe his son's naughty and his helplessness vividly.
Later, people got the word "graffiti" from Lu Tong's poems, which has been passed down to this day.
The favorite graffiti website in China is graffiti homeland
Graffiti: we commonly call graffiti, and there is also the Greek word "graffiti in".
The most agreed statement is that graffiti originated in Philadelphia and Pennsylvania in 1966. At first, graffiti didn't have the concept of piece, but simply wrote tags, and these graffiti writers' tags were not only their nicknames, but also their own house numbers. Until the later period of 1971- 1974, more and more writers began to study fonts and effects. In the 198s, writers made graffiti on different surfaces such as cars and trains, and the wall was no longer the only medium. Up to now, writers have more ways and means. Let people know him (her), Video Graf, cyber space, etc ...
Graffiti art, like hip-hop music, originated in the Bronx, new york, which is the only block connected with the United States and the poorest block in new york. Since the 196s, it has been occupied by blacks and Latinos from Central and North America. They live in a poorly equipped apartment for the poor built by the government, with dilapidated streets and barren weeds outside.
Years of poverty have made black teenagers worship money extremely. Being a professional athlete is a shortcut for them to get rich quickly. During that time, a few basketball courts in the Bronx often saw groups of black boys playing basketball with bare arms, and many of them wore gold necklaces with thick fingers around their necks. The worship of money makes showing off wealth in public a fashion in the Bronx. Of course, many teenagers have started illegal businesses such as drug trafficking and pimping.
Doing these illegal things is likely to be caught by the police or targeted by street hooligans. So these people have organized gangs to protect themselves. Numerous underworld organizations sprang up in the Bronx, such as primitive skeletons, savage ronins, javelin teams, royal wizards, and seven crowns. At that time, many young people joined various gangs in order to find a sense of belonging. In their naive imagination, gangs are just like those described in Bruce Lee's movies. A group of people unite to fight with their opponents and establish eternal friendship in the process of fighting.
At that time, the whole Bronx was covered with crooked gang symbols, mixed with obscene patterns like "toilet literature". American newspapers described the Bronx as "like a primitive settlement". No wonder some people associate graffiti with primitive people, because the earliest words and paintings of human beings are carved on walls, and those murals are the only civilization records left by prehistoric people. But with the appearance of paper, murals have become uncivilized signs. Especially after the emergence of cities, modern people seem to have become accustomed to the smooth surface of buildings, and any pattern has become a kind of destruction and an anti-civilization spiritual pollution.
If the Bronx murals stay in the era of gang labels forever, then there is probably nothing for future generations to say. However, out of dissatisfaction with the simple gang labels, several people with painting talent began to design new labels themselves, and since then, these gang symbols have become beautiful. Later, a group of rebellious non-gang painters finally realized that the wall is the cheapest and most practical canvas in the world, and they started to act. Since then, a new art form-"Graffiti" was born.
Most graffiti artists in the real sense have nothing to do with gangs. They are all poor people from the bottom, and paint cans and paints are stolen from shops. They are all people with ideas, and from then on, a warning motto appeared on the wall of new york. They are all talented people, and many fresh brushstrokes in painting (especially fine arts fonts) have emerged. More importantly, they are a group of people who express their desires. They are willing to haunt new york in the dark all the year round without pay, just to let pedestrians have a look at their works. In order to draw a clear line with the gang's "taggers" and simple-minded graffiti, they call themselves "Writer" rather than "Painter".
In order not to be caught by the police, and to add a mysterious color to their works, these "writers" all designed a signature for themselves. Their signatures are mostly a simple word with a numerical suffix. The first "writer" mentioned in the newspaper was called "Taki 183", and that article appeared in The New York Times in 1971. The protagonist's real name is Demetrius, Taki is the Greek abbreviation of Demetrius, and 183 is the name of the street where he lives. That report was the first serious article on graffiti culture.
Soon, the graffiti people were not satisfied with the motionless wall, and they came up with the idea of subway cars. New york has the most developed subway system in the world, and the tracks spread all over new york like streets. At that time, new york residents who were on the morning shift were often surprised to find that the subway car that was fine last night suddenly turned into a mobile graffiti exhibition, which was covered with colorful patterns. Those letters are like bubbles, full of movement. Best of all, when I changed trains, it was still the same pattern! So they remembered a signature: Phase 2.
This Phase 2 is the most famous graffiti artist in the early 197s. His original name is Lonny Wood, and he graduated from Clinton Middle School in Bronx. This middle school used to be a meeting place for early graffiti painters. Not far from here is the parking lot of new york Transportation Bureau, where scrapped subway cars are stored. So the parking lot became a place for them to practice their hands. Wood is a black man with great talent. The "bubble letter" he created is the best representative of the graffiti style in the Bronx, and he is known as Miles Davis (a famous jazz trumpeter) in the graffiti world.
After Phase 2, new york's graffiti has undergone many style changes, and a series of new ideas have emerged, such as three-dimensional letters, train animation (a series of character animations, after the subway train starts, the characters move). A group of talented graffiti artists have become stars, such as SUPER KOOL 223, El Marko174, Staff 161, Cliff 159, Flint 77 and so on. Lindsay, the mayor of new york at that time, turned a blind eye to this, because there were many things far more important than graffiti waiting for him to deal with in the chaotic city of new york. The laissez-faire of the municipal government is an important reason for the development of graffiti and even the whole hip-hop culture.
The so-called "upper class" artists in new york have tried many times to take graffiti as their own. In 1973, several art dealers held a large-scale graffiti exhibition in SoHo district of Manhattan, which attracted the attention of many media. They asked graffiti artists to paint their works on canvas and put them in the exhibition hall for sale at a price. As a result, it is conceivable that the exhibition was despised by critics. Those art dealers ignored the fact that only those works painted on the walls of apartments or outside subway cars are real graffiti.
Later, a man named Freddie organized a group of graffiti artists to sell in a punk rock club in lower new york, and achieved certain success. One of his graffiti artists, Samo, won great popularity for his excellent skills and personal charm. This Brooklyn-born painter's real name is Jean-Michel Basquiat. He has made great achievements in the field of graffiti, painting on canvas and later three-dimensional sculpture. More importantly, he himself has been living a bohemian life and is a living graffiti work. New York Beat Movie, a documentary film with him as the background, truly recorded his day's life and left valuable information for future generations. Unfortunately, Basqui died of an overdose in 1988. Later generations often compare him with Jimmy Hendricks, a veteran of rock and roll.
After this short revival, graffiti disappeared in America. The increasingly strict management of the government makes graffiti people tremble with fear, and the imitation of graffiti skills by advertisers makes graffiti people completely lose their motivation. However, graffiti is still in the ascendant in some other lax cities in the world. The live broadcast in 1989 made many people appreciate the graffiti masterpiece on the Berlin Wall for the first time. Whether it is Madrid in Europe or Buenos Aires in South America, graffiti artists' works can still be seen in the streets and subway stations today.