Laozi, surnamed Li Minger and Bo Yang, was a thinker and founder of Taoism in the Spring and Autumn Period. Legend has it that he is the author of Laozi.
According to legend, Laozi was from Zhou Pingwang in the early Spring and Autumn Period, and once Confucius asked him a question (Confucius was from the late Spring and Autumn Period), so Laozi lived for more than 200 years. Some people say that he lived to that old age because he cultivated life. Later generations followed suit, and seeking immortality became the top priority of many emperors and ministers in previous dynasties, and Taoism flourished. Laozi is also regarded as a leader, calling himself "the old gentleman on the throne".
Laozi is the main embodiment of his thought. He explained the evolution of all things in the universe with "Tao" and put forward the viewpoint that "Tao gives birth to one, two, three and all things", which had a great influence on the development of China's philosophy. Many later scholars absorbed his thoughts from different angles.
2. A generation of famous gentleman Li Shimin
Li Shimin, the second son of Emperor Taizong, Tang Gaozu Li Yuan, was a successful emperor in the history of China.
In his early years, he fought against Sui with his father and made great achievements. Successively suppressed and subdued Dou Jiande, Liu Heita, Xue, Wang and other separatist forces. After Tang Gaozu proclaimed himself emperor, he named Li Shimin "King of Qin". Li Chengjian, the prince, envied him and set him up with another brother, Li Yuanji.
When Li Shimin learned of this, he staged a coup in Xuanwu Gate, killing Li and Li Yuanji, and killing many relatives and family members of them. Afterwards, he forced Gaozu to hand over the imperial power, which is known as the "Xuanwu Gate Change".
Emperor Taizong was good at coachable. He had a famous minister named Wei Zhi, and even if Emperor Taizong was furious, he often came out to remonstrate. After Wei Zhi died, Taizong cried and said, "I lost a mirror!" Emperor Taizong appointed people on their merits and adopted some enlightened policies and measures to benefit the country and the people and develop the economy steadily. Historically, his reign was called "the rule of chastity".
In the fifteenth year of Zhenguan (AD 64 1 year), Tubo Zappong Zagambo was very envious of the culture of the Tang Dynasty, and sent Daxiang (equivalent to the prime minister) Lu Dongzan to Chang 'an with 5000 taels of gold and hundreds of treasures to propose to the royal family. For the friendship between China and Tibet, Emperor Taizong promised to marry Princess Wencheng. After Princess Wencheng entered Tibet, there were frequent exchanges between China and Tibet, and advanced Chinese culture was introduced into Tubo, which greatly promoted the production and cultural development of Tubo.
3. "Poet Fairy" Li Bai
Li Bai, the word Taibai, was a great poet in the Tang Dynasty.
Li Bai showed his talent and wrote poems when he was young. At the age of 25, he traveled abroad and got to know the then Prince's guest He in Chang 'an. They hit it off at once. He Zhangzhi especially appreciates Li Bai's poems. It is said that when he read Shu Dao Nan and Wu Qi Qu, he was ecstatic, thinking that such poems could make the gods cry. He excitedly took off the scarab from his belt and invited someone out to have a drink with Li Bai. He marveled at Li Bai's magnificent poems and elegant demeanor and joked, "Did you come down to earth with a white Venus?" Later, some people called Li Bai "fallen immortal".
Li Bai is a drinker, and he is informal. The poems he wrote when he was drunk were particularly impressive, and he could discuss politics with people who didn't drink. His insights are incisive and unmistakable, and no one can match them. At that time, people called Li Bai a "drunken saint".
In the early years of Tianbao, Li Bai was appreciated by Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, who often asked him to write letters and letters. It was October, and it was cold, so my pen froze and I couldn't write. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered the maid-in-waiting to serve Li Bai, picked up the pen and thawed it with his mouth, and then gave it to Li Bai, calling it a "beauty pen".
4. Emperor Li Yu
Li Yu, formerly known as Jia Cong,No. Zhong Yin,No. Lian Feng Jushi, was a famous poet in the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties, and was known as Li Houzhu.
Li Yu is not only good at poetry and music, but also good at calligraphy. He writes in a twisted shape with a vibrating pen, which is very vigorous and looks like a cold bamboo. He was named "Jin Cuodao". He is good at appreciating, and he likes Yan Zhenqing's books in Tang Dynasty least. He said that Yan's books were good but not good, which made him lose Wang Xizhi's tendon, just like Han (a plowman).
Li Yu was famous for his ci, but he died because of it. Song Jun attacked Nantang and Li Yu was captured. He often goes to Lacrimosa, and his lyrics and songs often reveal strong sentimental feelings. On one occasion, he wrote Yu Meiren: "When are the spring flowers and the autumn moon? What do you know about the past! The small building was easterly again last night, and the old country could not bear to look back on the bright moon. Carved fences and jade bricks should still exist, but Zhu Yan changed them. How much sadness can you have? Just like a river flowing eastward! " Song Taizong was furious when he heard that, and poisoned Li Yu with poisoned wine.
5. King Li Zicheng
Li Zicheng, whose real name is Hongji, was born in Mizhi, Shaanxi, and was the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Ming Dynasty.
Li Zicheng was born in a peasant family. He worked as a shepherd for the landlord when he was a child. Later, he joined the rebels in Gao Yingxiang. He fought bravely and was called a "brave soldier".
After Gao Yingxiang's death, Li Zicheng was promoted to king. 1640, according to the strategy of the Ministry, Li Zicheng put forward the slogan "There is no food in the world" in view of the severe famine in the Central Plains, the fact that most of the cultivated land in Henan was occupied by the imperial clan of the Ming Dynasty and farmers did not have enough to eat. Warmly welcomed by the peasants, the people defected to the rebel army one after another, and the troops quickly developed to one million. The following year, the rebels attacked Luoyang, killed King Axe, and used money and food from Wang Fu and wealthy families to help the hungry people. The people sang the song "Welcome the King and Don't Receive Grain" and lined the streets to welcome Li Zicheng's army.
1644, Li Zicheng invaded Beijing, and Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself in Jingshan Park (now Jingshan, Beijing). However, the rebel leader made the mistake of complacency. General Liu Zongmin occupied Chen Yuanyuan, the concubine of Wu Sangui. In a rage, Wu Sangui led the Qing soldiers into the customs, and later there was a saying that "rushing to the crown is a beauty". Under the joint attack of the Qing army and the Wu Sangui army, the insurgents were losing ground, and Li Zicheng was killed in Jiugongshan, Tongxian County, Hubei Province.