On Dongting Mountain in Taihu Lake, Jiangsu Province, a famous tea named "Biluochun" is produced, which is "copper wire strip, spiral, long hair, scary and fragrant". According to Wang Qingyankui's "Liu Nan Essays", "Wild tea is produced in the stone wall of Robi Peak in Dongting Mountain, and there is no difference at first. In one year of Kangxi, tea was picked according to the waiting time, and there were too many baskets to bear. Because put in your arms, the tea is hot, the exotic fragrance suddenly appears, and the collectors are scrambling to scare people. The scary Wu language is also a name. Since then, the natives have picked tea and put it in their arms, and the unique essence made by the Zhujiajian family is of great value. " At the age of nine, I was lucky enough to drive in Taihu Lake, so I changed my name to "Biluochun"
Speaking of the origin of Biluochun tea, there are two touching legends among the people.
First of all, it is said that a long time ago, there lived a beautiful, hardworking and kind girl named Robbie on the West Dongting Mountain. The girl likes singing, and her voice is crisp and mellow. She sings like a fountain, which makes everyone happy. This song touched a young man named A Xiang on Dongting Mountain across the water. This Xiang is a burly man with strong martial arts. He lives by fishing, is honest and helpful. Dozens of miles away in Fiona Fang, people praised and loved him. Robbie often sings by the lake, and A Xiang often goes boating and fishing in the lake. Although they never had a chance to pour out their love, they were deeply in love, and the villagers all liked them because they brought happiness and joy to the villagers.
One year in early spring, disaster suddenly came to Taihu Lake. A ferocious dragon appeared in the lake, and the storm threatened to let Miss Robbie be his "Mrs. Taihu Lake", which made the people of Taihu Lake restless day and night. A sample is determined to fight the dragon to the death, protect the lives of the people in Dongting Mountain and protect the beloved Robbie girl from the devil! One moonless night, A Xiang picked up a big harpoon and quietly dived into the West Dongting Mountain. He saw the dragon rest proudly after doing evil. A Xiang caught him off guard and rushed forward, stabbing the dragon from behind with all his strength. The dragon was badly injured, struggled for a while, opened his mouth to enlarge the blood, and pounced on A Xiang fiercely. A Xiang held the harpoon high and fought bravely, so a fierce battle began. From night to dawn, from dawn to night, the sky was dark and the earth shook, leaving blood stains on mountains and lakes. It was not until seven days and seven nights of fighting that A Xiang's harpoon pierced the dragon's throat. At this time, both sides were seriously injured and exhausted. The dragon's claws could not be lifted, and A Xiang's harpoon could not be lifted.
With deep gratitude and reverence, the villagers took A Xiang back. At first sight, Robbie's girl was heartbroken. In order to repay A Xiang for saving his life, she asked to take A Xiang to her home and take care of her personally. Robbie tried her best to treat him, staying by the bed day and night, taking care of him in every possible way, and humming the most beautiful songs gently when Ah Xiang was in pain. However, A Xiang's injury is getting worse day by day. A Xiang was glad to know that Robbie was with him day and night. How much did he talk to her? But his weak body left him speechless. He could only stare at her with infinite gratitude.
Robbie girl is more anxious. With the help of the villagers, she sought medical advice everywhere, but it still had no effect. One day, the girl went to the place where A Xiang and the dragon fought. Suddenly she saw a small tea tree, which looked very good. She thought, this is the witness of A Xiang's struggle with the dragon, which should be cultivated well to let future people know how A Xiang lived a stable and happy life for the people with blood and sacrifice! Then I added some fertilizer to the small tea tree and planted some soil. After that, she went to see it every day. Just after the shock, many buds appeared on the tree, full of spring and very cute. In the cold temperature, Robbie was afraid that the flower buds would freeze, so she put them in her mouth, so she hugged them every morning. Around Tomb-Sweeping Day, the bud bloomed first, and the first and second tender leaves were unsheathed. The girl looked at these green leaves and said to herself, "This tea tree is nourished with fresh blood. It was once in my singing mouth. Why not take some back to A Xiang to drink and express my heart? " So I picked a tender tip, held it in my arms, and made A Xiang a cup of tea when I got home. Strange to say, as soon as tea is poured with boiling water, there is a pure and fragrant high fragrance that refreshes people. A Xiang smelled the strong liquor and drank the tea soup in one breath. The delicious hot soup seemed to penetrate into every pore of his body, and he felt indescribable comfort. He tried to raise his hand and stretch his legs, and said in surprise, "How strange! I am almost sitting up! " What medicine is this? It is more effective than the elixir of life. "When the girl saw this, her eyes welled up with joy. She had no time to take the bamboo basket container and ran to the tea tree. She grabbed a handful of flower buds in one breath and put them on her chest. She used her body temperature to wither the bud, took it home, took it out and gently rubbed it, and then soaked it for A Xiang to drink. A few days later, A Xiang got better day by day. A Xiang finally sat up, took the girl's hand and poured out her love and gratitude, while her menstruation shyly expressed her love for A Xiang. A Xiang was saved, and the heavy stone on the girl's heart fell to the ground. Just as they were intoxicated with the happiness of love, Robbie's body could no longer support him, and his haggard face lost color. One day, she fell into Xiang's arms with a sweet smile and couldn't open her eyes anymore. A Xiang was heartbroken and buried the girl beside the tea tree in Dongting Mountain. Since then, he has worked hard to cultivate tea trees and collect famous teas. Tea is always beautiful. In memory of Robbie, people named this precious tea "Biluochun".
Second, a long time ago, there was a strange smell on Moli Peak in Dongting Lake. People mistakenly believe that there are goblins and dare not go up the mountain. One day, a brave and stubborn girl went to Molly Bee to chop wood. She just walked halfway up the mountain and smelled a faint fragrance. She was also surprised. She looked at the top of the mountain. It seems that she didn't find any strange monsters. She was driven by curiosity. She ventured up the cliff to the top of the mountain. She saw several green tea trees growing at the continuation of the stone, and the fragrance seemed to come from the trees. She approached the tea tree, picked some buds and leaves, put them in a bad place, and came down the mountain. Who knows, the tea in my arms exudes a strong aroma all the way, and the more it goes, the stronger the aroma, which makes her a little dizzy. When she got home, the girl felt tired and thirsty, so she took out the tea in her arms, but she felt that the room was full of fragrance. The girl shouted, "scare people, scare people!" " Squeeze some bud leaves and soak them in a cup to drink. Bowl to the mouth, fragrant and refreshing, swallowed in one gulp, full of fragrance; Swallow two times and your throat will be clear; After swallowing for three times, fatigue was eliminated. The girl was overjoyed, and decided to move the Bobei tea tree home to plant it. The next day, she took a hoe, dug up the small tea tree, transplanted it to the foot of the stone mountain in Xidongting and carefully cultivated it. A few years later, the tea tree grew strong and lush, and its fragrance attracted neighbors from far and near. The girl used the picked bud leaves to make tea for everyone, but when she saw that the bud leaves were covered with hair, she was full of praise. Because she asked what kind of tea it was, the girl casually replied, "It's scary." As a result, the fragrant tea that made people tremble with fear was gradually introduced and propagated to all parts of Xishan and Dongshan in Dongting, and the processing technology was gradually improved, gradually forming a "Biluochun Tea" with "one tender and three fresh" (that is, tender leaves, color, fragrance and delicious taste), green and clear, resembling snails and covered with fur. As for scaring people, how can it be renamed "Biluochun"? It is said that when the emperor went down to the south of the Yangtze River, he tasted this kind of tea and found that it was fragrant, mellow, sweet and green, crystal clear and could not put it down. Because the name of tea is too vulgar, it is named "Biluochun". Because it looks like a snail, it will be called "Biluochun" in the future.
Tieguanyin
First, "Wei Shuo"-Guanyin holds a dream
According to legend, around 1720, there was an old tea farmer, Yin Wei (1703- 1775), who was diligent in growing tea, deeply believed in Buddhism and worshipped Guanyin. Offer a cup of green tea in front of Guanyin Bodhisattva every morning and evening. It has never stopped for decades. One night, he fell asleep and dreamed that he was carrying a hoe out of the house. He came to a stream and suddenly found a tea tree in a crevice. It was strong and leafy, which was different from the tea tree he had seen ... The next morning, he searched along the road in his dream last night, and sure enough, he made a stone pit in Guanyin Lun. A closer look reveals that the tea leaves are oval, fleshy, with purple buds and green leaves about to drip: Yin Wei was very happy, so he dug up this tea tree and planted it in a small iron pot at home, carefully cultivating it. Therefore, tea is obtained from Guanyin, hence the name "Tieguanyin".
Second, "Wang Shuo"-Gan Long gave his name
According to legend, Wang Tulang, a native of Nanyan, Xiping, Anxi, served as a deputy tribute in the tenth year of Qing Yongzheng, served as a judge in Jinzhou, the state capital of Huguang, and once built a study at the foot of Nanshan, named "Nanxuan". In the spring of the first year of Qing Qianlong (1736), Wang He and his friends wrote in Nanxuan. Whenever the sun goes down, I wander around Nanxuan. One day, he happened to find a tea tree in a deserted garden, so he transplanted it into Nanxuan's tea garden, managed it day and night, carefully cultivated it and propagated it year after year. The tea tree is luxuriant in branches and leaves, and the center of the leaves is red. The finished product is moist and fat. After soaking, it is fragrant and mellow. Six years later, Wang Shirang was called to Beijing to meet Fang Bao, assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites, and gave this tea to Fang Bao. Fang Bao tasted it with extraordinary taste and sent it to the court. After the emperor drank it, he praised it and asked about the history of Yaoyang tea. Therefore, tea is moist and solid, heavy as iron, delicious, like Guanyin, and named Tieguanyin.
There are also some legends similar to the above two legends. These legends are similar in that tea trees are all related to Guanyin Bodhisattva, so the name of tea has the word "Guanyin". There are two explanations for the word "iron": one is that the leaves of tea trees shine "iron color" in the sun, and the other is that the tea leaves are "brown as iron" after fermentation.
The main producing area of Tieguanyin in Anxi is "Inner Anxi" in the west, where the mountains are surrounded, the peaks are continuous and the clouds are lingering. The soil is mostly acidic red soil with deep soil layer, which is especially suitable for the growth of tea trees. Tieguanyin is produced in Xiping, Anxi County, Fujian Province. Inner Anxi has a subtropical monsoon climate. The folk proverb here says: "There are flowers in four seasons, and there is no snow and thunder in severe winter", which is unique, surrounded by mountains, and the soil is mostly weak acid red soil, which is very suitable for the growth of tea, and can be described as the aura of the earth. Anxi Tieguanyin is fat, curly and firm, with golden and bright soup color, rich fragrance, long aftertaste, rich taste, mellow and fresh, fragrant at the entrance, sweet and sweet aftertaste, and has the reputation of "seven bubbles with fragrance".
Anxi Tieguanyin "bathes in the essence of the sun and the moon, gathers the spirit of the mountains, and gets the glow of haze. Eating it can cure all diseases." Drinking Tieguanyin tea regularly is good for health and longevity, just like the blessing of Guanyin Bodhisattva. In addition, after Anxi Tieguanyin tea is brewed, it is as heavy as iron and shaped like Guanyin, hence the name "Tieguanyin".
Longjing Tea and Tiger Running Spring are known as "Hangzhou Double Wonders". How did Tiger Running Spring come from? It is said that there were two brothers long ago. My brother's name is Hu Dahe and Erhu. The two men are very powerful. They came to Hangzhou one year and wanted to settle in the small temple where tigers are now rampant. The monk told them that it was difficult to fetch water here, and it would take several hurdles to fetch water. The two brothers said that as long as they were alive, we would be responsible for carrying water, so the monk took them in. One summer, there was no rain, and the stream dried up, making it more difficult to fetch water. One day, the two brothers remembered the "Tongziquan" wandering in Hengshan Mountain, Nanyue. If only Tongziquan could move to Hangzhou. The two brothers decided to move the Tongziquan to Hengshan Mountain, and they all passed out at the foot of Hengshan Mountain. When the storm broke out and the wind stopped raining, they woke up and saw a child with a willow branch standing in front of them, a fairy in charge of the boy spring. After listening to their story, the fairy pointed a willow branch at them and spilled water on them. In an instant, the two brothers turned into two colorful tigers, and the child jumped on the tiger's back. The tiger roared into the sky and went straight to Hangzhou with "Tongzichun". The old monk and the villagers had a dream at night, dreaming that the big tiger and the second tiger became two tigers and moved the "Tongziquan" to Hangzhou. At dawn, there will be springs.
The next day, the sky was full of sunshine, and two tigers fell from the sky. Tigers were digging in the bamboo garden next to the temple and soon dug a deep pit. Suddenly, the storm raged. After the rain stopped, I saw a clear spring gushing out of the deep pit. Everyone knows that it must be the spring water brought to them by the big tiger and the second tiger. In order to commemorate the spring water brought to them by the Great Tiger and the Second Tiger, they named it "Tiger Planing Spring", and later it was called "Tiger Running Spring" for fluency. Tiger running spring makes Longjing tea, which has good color, fragrance and taste. Today, you can taste this "double unique" drink in Tiger Run Tea Room.
The Legend of Longjing Tea
Longjing tea, which is famous for its green color, rich aroma, sweet taste and beautiful appearance, has left many magical legends in history, among which the legends about Longjing tea and Eighteen Imperial teas can reflect the historical origin of Longjing tea.
Legend has it that a long time ago, the Queen Mother held a grand flat peach party in the sky and invited immortals from all over the world to participate. Prodigies played and sang, offered tea and fruit, and went back and forth endlessly. Just as he was delivering tea with a tea tray, he suddenly heard the boy Sugi shout, "Sister-in-law Xian Di is very ill, and she is rolling on the bed screaming. Go! " Inadvertently, the tea tray tilted and a teacup fell to the ground. The fairy was delirious and blanched, and went into the palace in three steps.
At this time, Lv Dongbin figured it out. He took the fairy's tea tray, handed the only seven cups of tea to the seven-hole fairy, and put them in front of him empty. He took out a magic pill and said to the fairy, "take it to save your wife and go to the world to find a cup." I will keep it for you for the time being. " The fairy was very grateful, thanked him and left.
"One day in the sky, a few years on the ground." The immortal tumbled to the mortal world, landed in Hangzhou, became a monk, and went to Xishan to find a teacup. On this day, he saw a mountain crouching like a lion, revealing the valley of Shi Bi. There is a thatched house beside the bamboo forest in the mountain, and an 80-year-old woman sits at the door. The fairy stepped forward and asked, "Old benefactor, what is this place?" The old lady replied, "Call Hui. According to the ancestors, one night, 10,000 golden lights suddenly fell from the sky, and it was called Huiluowu from then on. " The fairy was surprised and happy. She looked around and suddenly her eyes lit up. Isn't that my teacup? It turns out that there is an old stone mortar full of garbage next to my aunt's house, which is covered with green grass. There is a crystal spider silk that hangs straight from the eaves into the stone mortar. Realizing that Spider Spirit was stealing fairy tea, the fairy said, "Old benefactor, can I exchange a gold ribbon for your mortar?" Aunt said, "Do you want this mortar? It's no use keeping it anyway. You can take it! " The fairy thought, I have to find verbena to weave a nine-foot rope, tie it up and take it away.
As soon as the fairy left, my aunt thought, this mortar is dirty, how can you get your hands dirty! So I found a spoon, took out all the garbage, poured it in the field where there were 18 tea trees in front of my house, and found a rag to clean it. I didn't want to disturb Spider Jing, but Spider Jing also said that someone had come to grab his tea! With a spell and a loud click, the stone mortar was driven deep into the ground. The fairy turned around with the rope and saw that the stone mortar was gone, so she had to return to heaven empty-handed.
Later, the "teacup" of the Heavenly Palace, which was driven underground, became a well. Once a dragon came to suck fairy tea, but the dragon left and left a well. This is the legendary Longjing. Things have changed, and so has history. Aunt's hut was transformed into the old Longjing Temple, which was later renamed the Gong Hu Temple in Longjing Village. Eighteen tea trees in front of the temple have been nourished by fairy dew, and the longer they grow, the more lush they are, and the higher their quality is.
When Emperor Qianlong went down to the south of the Yangtze River, Wei Fu came to the foot of Lion Peak in Longjing Village, Hangzhou. When the old monk of Gong Hu Temple accompanied Emperor Qianlong on a mountain tour, he suddenly saw several village girls happily picking new buds from eighteen tea trees in front of the temple. Unconsciously, they quickly walked into the tea garden and learned to pick tea. Just picked it for a while, suddenly the eunuch came to report: "Your Majesty, the Queen Mother is ill, please hurry back to Beijing." Qianlong was worried when he heard that the queen mother was ill. He immediately put the tea buds in his hand into a bag and went back to Beijing day and night to pay his respects to the Queen Mother. In fact, the queen mother is not seriously ill, but she is angry, her eyes are red and swollen, and her stomach is uncomfortable. Suddenly, when I saw the arrival of the emperor, my mood improved, and I felt a faint fragrance coming on my face. I asked, "What good things did the emperor bring back from Hangzhou, so fragrant?" Emperor Qianlong was also surprised. I came back without anything. Where did I get the fragrance? Smell it carefully, it does have a strong fragrance, and it comes from the bag. He touched it casually, and it turned out to be a handful of tea from Gong Hu Temple in Longjing Village, Hangzhou. After a few days, it dried up and gave off a strong aroma.
The queen mother wanted to try this kind of tea, and the maid-in-waiting served it. Sure enough, it is mellow, full of saliva after drinking, and the aftertaste is mellow and refreshing. After 3 cups, the eye swelling subsided and the stomach was comfortable. At that time, Empress Dowager Cixi had a coke and called Hangzhou Longjing tea a panacea. Emperor Qianlong was so happy to see the Empress Dowager, and he smiled happily himself. He sent someone to pick eighteen tea trees by himself, and sealed them in front of Gong Hu Temple at the foot of Lion Peak in Longjing, Hangzhou. As the imperial tea, they were specially picked every year and dedicated to the Empress Dowager. Since then, Longjing Tea has become more and more famous. Eighteen imperial teas have been replanted many times, but this "imperial tea garden" has been preserved to this day and has become a tourist attraction.
The shape and legend of Longjing;
1. In ancient times, there lived an old woman next to Longjing, surrounded by 18 wild tea trees. The road at home is the way for Nanshan farmers to go to West Lake. Pedestrians always want to have a rest when they come here, so the old lady puts a table and several benches at the door, and at the same time makes a pot of tea with wild tea for pedestrians to rest. It was famous for a long time. One winter, when the Spring Festival was approaching, it snowed heavily and the tea trees would freeze to death. Pedestrians still stop at the old lady's door in an endless stream. One of the elders saw the old lady's sad face and asked, "Did the old lady buy new year's goods?" The old lady sighed and said, "Don't say that there is no money to buy new year's goods. Even these tea trees will freeze to death, and there will be no tea to drink next spring." The elder pointed to a broken stone mortar on the side and said, "Here's the baby. Why not sell it to me? " The old lady said, "The older the mortar, the better. It's worthless after washing now. " The old lady said, "Broken mortar is worthless. You should take it away. " The elder took out 10 silver to move the stone mortar, but the old lady refused to accept the money. The elder turned around and disappeared, so the old lady had to accept the money. After the New Year, in the spring of the following year, 18 tea trees showed new tender teeth, which grew better than in previous years. Numerous tea trees grew in places washed with mortar and splashed with water, and the old lady happily applied tea again. This is the origin of Longjing tea.
Second, the flat feature of Longjing tea now is said to have originated from the Qianlong emperor of the Qing Dynasty. According to legend, when Gan Long traveled to Hangzhou, he came to Gong Hu Temple at the foot of Shifeng Mountain in Longjing Village in disguise. The old monk dedicated the treasure of West Lake Longjing tea-Shifeng Longjing to Gan Long for drinking. After drinking, Gan Long felt very fragrant, so he picked the tea himself, put it in his pocket and hurried back to Beijing. After a long time, the tea buds were flattened, but they were greatly appreciated by the Empress Dowager ... The tea tree in front of the Gong Hu Temple was named Imperial Tea by the decree of Qianlong, and it was fried into flat Longjing every year for the Empress Dowager to enjoy. In fact, this is a beautiful legend. It is generally believed that the flat shape of Longjing tea was influenced by Dafang tea production near Anhui in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties.