So, what fertilizer should garlic use? How to apply base fertilizer? What fertilizer is used for topdressing? Let's take a look with Bian Xiao.
What fertilizer does garlic use? Common organic fertilizers include ring manure, chicken manure, duck manure, manure, compost and cake manure.
Whether the amount of base fertilizer is sufficient or not is directly related to the commodity of garlic and the overwintering performance of plants, so sufficient base fertilizer should be applied in production.
How to apply garlic base fertilizer The application of base fertilizer is generally to apply half organic fertilizer before cultivated land, spread it evenly on the soil surface, and turn the fertilizer into the ground in combination with cultivated land; The other half, when sowing, concentrate furrow fertilization, mix fertilizer with soil, and then sow.
If ammonium bicarbonate or organic fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, it should be dug and buried, or watered, and then combined with soil preparation to make the fertilizer and soil mix evenly.
The application of phosphate fertilizer is shallow, concentrated or layered.
One part can be applied before the cultivated land, the other part can be applied when planting garlic after ploughing, and it can also be applied shallowly at 6- 10 cm underground after soil preparation, so as to facilitate the absorption and utilization of seedlings, cultivate strong seedlings and improve the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer in the season.
Potash fertilizer can be spread with cultivated land and turned into the ground when cultivated.
Garlic 1 what fertilizer is used for topdressing? The top dressing of garlic is mainly nitrogen fertilizer. If necessary, the combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and various elements is beneficial to the normal growth and development of garlic, the absorption and utilization of nutrients and the improvement of quality.
Nitrogen fertilizer has obvious yield-increasing effect on garlic.
When applying nitrogen fertilizer to garlic, we should pay attention to the possible adverse effects.
In addition, according to the experiment, the effect of nitrogen topdressing is closely related to the size of garlic cloves. The smaller the garlic cloves, the greater the yield increase by nitrogen application.
Therefore, when garlic with small petals is used as garlic, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be appropriately increased.
2. Topdressing with phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer can improve the balanced absorption and utilization of nitrogen fertilizer, promote the growth and development of garlic, and increase the yield of garlic bolts and garlic heads.
Not only nitrogen fertilizer, but also phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied in the later stage of garlic, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 2: 1: 1, or compound fertilizer should be applied.
This is beneficial to prevent the premature senescence of garlic leaves in the later period, promote the transport of leaf nutrients to bulbs, and significantly improve the yield of garlic bolts and garlic heads.
3. Topdressing period can generally be divided into topdressing before overwintering, topdressing during turning green, topdressing at jointing stage of garlic bolt and topdressing during garlic growing period.
(1) Topdressing garlic before overwintering: Topdressing garlic before overwintering is mainly to promote normal germination and emergence of garlic and cultivate strong seedlings.
The appearance of strong seedlings before winter is: 5 leaves, plant height about 25 cm, fresh weight per plant about 10g, uniform root system, about 30 leaves.
Garlic planted in autumn can emerge 7-9 days after sowing. In order to improve the overwintering performance of garlic, topdressing seedling-promoting fertilizer was applied.
Seedling-promoting fertilizer generally accounts for about 25% of the total topdressing.
For varieties whose outer layers are easy to cross-grow, little or no fertilizer should be applied to promote seedlings.
When garlic enters the overwintering period, it can be topdressing with overwintering fertilizer, that is, wax fertilizer.
Wax fertilizer is often covered with compost, soil mixed fertilizer or horse manure to thicken the overwintering protective layer of root system, improve the overwintering performance of seedlings and ensure overwintering.
At the same time, it is also conducive to early greening and rapid growth in the second year.
(2) Topdressing during the garlic turning green: When the average daily temperature reaches 7 degrees Celsius in spring, garlic seedlings begin to turn green. At this time, cover the seedlings in time and dry them for 2-3 days. Top dressing before trees grow around the vernal equinox 1 time.
Generally, topdressing organic fertilizer1000-1500kg or standard nitrogen fertilizer10-15kg per 667m2.
If the fertilizer for promoting seedlings and overwintering fertilizer has been applied, the topdressing may not be applied during the greening period, or it may be postponed.
(3) Top dressing of garlic at jointing stage: Top dressing of garlic at jointing stage refers to top dressing from garlic petal differentiation to bolting.
This period is a period when young garlic shoots grow together. In Shandong, it is usually the end of March and the beginning of April, that is, garlic enters the differentiation period of garlic bolting and garlic cloves before Qingming, and it enters the bolting period around Xiaoman on May 20.
Because the elongation of garlic bolt overlaps with the early growth stage of garlic, it is in a vigorous growth period.
At this time, the leaves have all grown out, the growth of the aboveground part of the plant has reached the value, the garlic yield of the underground part has reached nearly 50%, the root system has actively expanded laterally, and the growth and absorption have gradually reached the peak, so the top dressing amount should account for about 40% of the total top dressing amount.
It is necessary to apply more compound fertilizer and potassium fertilizer to promote garlic bolting and garlic bolting.
(4) Topdressing during the growth period of garlic shoots: before the garlic shoots are harvested, the growth of garlic shoots is mainly to increase the volume; After the garlic bolt is harvested, the growth of garlic bolt is mainly to increase the weight, with an average daily weight gain of about 65438 0 g and a diameter increase of about 0.06cm. ..
The growth period of garlic should be mainly nitrogen fertilizer, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied together.
Topdressing should account for 25%-30% of the total topdressing.
4. Garlic topdressing method: Strip application, water application or buried application are generally adopted.
When applying soil mixed fertilizer, it can be ditched forward and paved into strips; When applying chemical fertilizer, ditch or hole application is generally adopted, and after application, soil is covered and watered, or watered with water, or sowed in the rain.
Attention should be paid to strengthening intertillage weeding, keeping soil loose and moisture, so as to accelerate the absorption and utilization of nutrients by roots.