Place the glass jar in a ventilated and sunny place near a window. Pay attention to the stocking density and make reasonable arrangements according to the size of the container. It is better to raise less than more. Because there is not much air circulation in the room, the water will become turbid if raised too much, which can easily lead to the death of goldfish due to lack of oxygen. If there is an air pump, you can raise more goldfish. If you find that the goldfish has a floating head, you need to turn on the air pump to oxygenate it, especially at night.
The ideal feed for fish farming is live fish and worms. The water quality is not easy to deteriorate. Dry fish and worms and synthetic pellet feed are also acceptable. There are live fish and insect pests for sale in the market now, but it is very troublesome to buy them every day. For the dried fish worms sold in the market, you should choose relatively fresh ones with loose particles to feed the fish. Do not buy old and moldy dried fish worms to feed the fish. For artificial pellet feed, it is better to use full-price feed with complete nutritional components, which is available on the market.
In order to keep the water quality pure, the amount of feeding should be strictly timed and quantitative. It is usually appropriate to feed once to twice a day. Each feeding amount should be eaten within half an hour. The amount of bait should not be Feeding too much. There are two harmful effects of feeding too much: first, when the fish is full, the metabolism level increases and the oxygen consumption increases, which can easily cause the goldfish to suffocate and die due to lack of oxygen; second, the leftover bait is prone to putrefaction and fermentation, causing the water quality to deteriorate, and Cause hypoxia. In fact, goldfish are relatively resistant to hunger. If they don't feed for a week or two, no problems will occur.
It is very important to keep the water quality pure when raising goldfish. You should often use a latex tube to suck out the residue, suck up the feces, residual bait and turbid water at the bottom of the glass tank, and then slowly replenish the water that has been left for a day. New water. If aquatic plants float or the rockery is knocked down during operation, it must be restored to its original state in time.
The longer you keep fish, the more sediment will accumulate. Although it is cleaned every day, it cannot be completely removed. If the sediment increases and affects the clarity of the glass tank, it is necessary to completely change the water and clean the glass tank to keep the water pure, easy to watch, and maintain an excellent living environment for the goldfish.
Generally used rectangular glass jars are small in size and cannot be kept in large quantities. It is better to keep less than too many. For example, in a container with a length of 40 cm, a width of 25 cm, and a height of 30 cm, 6 to 8 goldfish with a length of 5 cm to 7 cm can be raised. Adult fish whose body length exceeds 8 centimeters should not be raised in small glass tanks. Instead, they need to be raised in large luxury glass tanks or ceramic tanks, with a small oxygenator as backup to prevent hypoxia. The above stocking density is only a reference. It also depends on the water temperature, the size of the fish and the quality of the water. It cannot be done mechanically. Generally speaking, fish are large and should be raised sparingly; they can be raised more in winter and less in summer; they can be raised more when the water temperature is low and less when the water temperature is high.
Choose goldfish
Choose fish with strong bodies and bright colors
When choosing any kind of goldfish, you must choose fish with broad and strong bodies, chest, abdomen, and The tail fin is complete and the tail is broad and open. For fish without dorsal fins, choose ones with smooth dorsal ridges and no missing dorsal fins or nodules. The color of the fish should be red, pure white, blue, azure, black, and flowers with harmonious colors and delicate patterns. Only blue ones can be called five flowers. Some fish are half red and half black, or are red with black edges on their fins. They are beautiful at the moment, but in fact they will turn completely red soon, so be prepared.
In the selection of fish, outstanding ones that are unique in terms of characteristics, body shape or color should be selected out of the box and observed and cultivated.
Choose healthy and disease-free fish
Generally speaking, they swim actively in the pool (basin), are gregarious, have plump bodies, have open chest and pelvic fins and often paddle, and have no white spots on their bodies. Fish with spots, no white downy mucus, no bloodshot or ulcerated tails and scales, not often floating on the water, nor lying on their sides, upside down, or sinking to the bottom. Those with black and thick stools are healthy fish, and there are fish that are looking for food. In all of the above situations, you can make a bold purchase.
Choose fish with obvious characteristics
All kinds of fish have the characteristics of this species: such as longevity head, lion head, crane top red, goose head red and other varieties, they all have the characteristics of this species. It is famous for having sarcomas on its head, so we should choose the one with the most developed and wide sarcoma on the gill cover of the head. In addition, for fish with red sarcoma such as crane-top red and goose-head red, those with a square red top (the top of the head is darker when the fish is young) are the best. When choosing pearl-scale fish, pay attention to the two types: large and small tails, and the big tail is better. But regardless of whether the tail is big or small, the head should be small and pointed, and the scales should be thick and intact, arranged neatly to the back, but the scales should not be erect, otherwise most of them will suffer from scale disease. The abdomen is swollen, thick and round, and the tail is smooth. This characteristic is a pure breed. Blisters or dragon eyes are named after the characteristics of the eyes, so choose ones with round, large, well-proportioned blisters, soft and transparent blisters. When choosing dragon eyes, choose ones with large and protruding eye plates that look like chess pieces.
It has become an indisputable experience to raise fish first and water first. How to "raise" a tank of clear, non-poisonous water at home is very important. Home fish farming is different from fish farming in fish farms. The water space is small and the water quality is required to be clear and transparent, making it easy to watch goldfish. The purpose of raising fish in a fish farm is to make goldfish grow quickly. Professional fish workers monitor the water quality all the time. The water body is large and suitable for goldfish to grow up. Raising goldfish at home has its own advantages. For example, water temperature is not affected by wind and rain because household fish farming is generally done indoors. Furthermore, since the water volume is small in fish farming at home, water quality observation and drug control are convenient. The water maintenance of domestic goldfish is mainly related to the following five factors.
1 Filtration system: Since the density of household fish farming is generally high, it is difficult to remove impurities and waste in the water simply by relying on the decomposition of the water itself.
Building a good filtration system can effectively maintain water quality. A good filtration system can integrate chemical, biological, physical and other filtration methods. Chemical filtration relies on special chemicals to condense tiny suspended impurities in the water together, causing them to precipitate or be physically filtered out. Biological filtration uses beneficial biological bacteria in the water to decompose waste in the water and decompose harmful substances into harmless substances. Physical filtration is to adsorb and filter out impurity particles through the tiny pores of the filter material. Based on the characteristics of goldfish and home fish farming conditions, the following methods can be used to establish a filtration system. Depending on the size of the aquarium, configure an external filter, which can be a top-mounted filter or a filter bucket. The water flow rate can be found in the water pump instructions. Generally speaking, it is appropriate to circulate the water body about 7 times per hour. For example, the volume of an aquarium with a length of 80 cm, a width of 40 cm, and a height of 40 cm is 128 liters. The flow rate of the filter pump should be 900 liters/hour. For larger aquariums, in order to prevent the water flow from being too strong, it is recommended to install a built-in filter at the water inlet and add an elbow at the water outlet to reduce the impact of the water flow on the goldfish. Place biochemical sponges and activated carbon in the filter box (barrel) and replace them according to the degree of water pollution. However, replacing it too frequently is not suitable for the establishment of beneficial biological flora. Generally, it can be replaced once a month.
2 Biological decomposition: In the natural environment, there are a large number of beneficial bacteria attached to the places where rivers flow. They can decompose metabolites and external pollutants produced by organisms in the water. To keep the water clean and harmless. Establishing beneficial bacteria in the aquarium can maintain water quality for a long time without frequent water changes. Adding nitrifying bacteria to your aquarium is a shortcut to establishing a biological decomposition system. Nitrifying bacteria on the market are mainly divided into two categories, active nitrifying bacteria and artificial nitrifying bacteria. Active nitrifying bacteria use living flora as the main substance. Artificial nitrifying bacteria are substances that promote the growth of existing nitrifying bacteria in the water. Active nitrifying bacteria take effect in a short time, usually within 2-5 days depending on the water temperature, and the effect is most obvious when the water temperature is 25-30 degrees. However, the storage time is short, usually no more than 12 months. Since artificial nitrifying bacteria do not contain active strains, they can be stored for a long time, usually about 2 years. But it takes longer to take effect. It can be used in combination with water clarifiers before establishing a biological system.
3 Fish breeding density: No matter how large the aquarium is, the number of goldfish it can breed is limited. Goldfish are lively and active, and can eat and pull. Water quality is difficult to maintain for smaller tropical fish. Reasonable breeding density is important for beginners. Usually each goldfish of one age takes up 10 liters of water. That is, the volume of an aquarium with a length of 80 cm, a width of 40 cm, and a height of 40 cm is 128 liters, and it can raise 12 fish of one age. No matter how high the density is, it will be difficult to maintain water quality for a long time. In addition, different goldfish species have different requirements for breeding density. Rare species such as pearls, butterfly tails, and blisters need smaller breeding densities.
4 Feed selection: The feed fed to goldfish also has a lot to do with maintaining water quality. Goldfish are omnivores. The food range is very wide. Mainly include: water fleas, nematodes, bloodworms, granular feed, powdered feed, flake feed, etc. Live water fleas are the best choice. Not only during feeding, water fleas can suck organic suspended matter in the water. And the metabolites produced by goldfish are not easy to disperse. Nematodes, bloodworms, and powdered feed may be attached to the sand bed or suspended in the water, which is not conducive to the cleaning of the water quality. High-quality synthetic feed will contain yeast, which can quickly decompose goldfish metabolites and help maintain water quality. Low-quality synthetic feed is not only devoid of nutrients, but also contains artificial pigments that can discolor the water. In addition, it is best not to use edible fish feed, such as crucian carp feed for goldfish, which will also damage the water quality. During the feeding process, the filter system should be turned off to avoid being sucked into the filter box, which will not only cause waste, but also cause mold to produce toxic substances in the filter box.
5 Fish farming environment: lighting, scenery, etc. also have a certain relationship with maintaining water quality in the aquarium. Excessive light will cause a large number of algae to grow in the water. Proper covering with curtains and regular cleaning will effectively control it. Properly placing a sand bed at the bottom of the aquarium will also help clean the water. It can not only adsorb impurities, but also provide a breeding ground for nitrifying bacteria. Generally, the thickness is about 4 cm, and the particles are about 4 mm. The sand bed is too thin to achieve adsorption; the sand bed is too thick, which will cause hypoxia in the bottom sand bed and cause organisms to grow. corruption. Particles that are too large will cause the feed to sink into the gaps, which is not conducive to goldfish feeding; particles that are too small are not conducive to water flow and oxygen transmission between the particles, and are not conducive to the growth of nitrifying bacteria.
Pay attention to the above points, and you will definitely have a tank of clear water and create an ideal living space for your beloved fish.
Tips for keeping water:
Quickly establish good water quality: add water quality stabilizer to tap water, wait until the water temperature is the same as the old water, and then pour it into the aquarium. Release active nitrifying bacteria and filter with water clarifying agent after 1-2 days. Then add artificial nitrifying bacteria every week.
Goldfish are known as "flowers in the water". Having a tank of pleasing goldfish is the dream of most aquarists. China is the hometown of goldfish, and goldfish can be seen in ornamental fish markets in large and medium-sized cities. The ancestor of goldfish is crucian carp. After thousands of years of artificial selection, it has gradually mutated. Currently, the main classifications include: dragon fish, represented by dragon eyes and butterfly tails. Wen fish are represented by lion heads, pearls and hats. Egg-type fish are represented by water bubbles, tiger heads, and sky-watching fish.
In the past 20 years, with the joint efforts of farmers and enthusiasts, some new varieties of goldfish have continued to emerge in China, such as Fuzhou Lanshou, Red-headed Tiger Head, Crown Pearl, etc. As goldfish enthusiasts, you can start from The following five aspects make the choice of goldfish.
1 Choose the time. Goldfish are different from tropical fish. They are generally raised outdoors in fish farms. After thousands of years of breeding, they have established their own biological clock. Depending on the region, they spawn from February to June every spring. Generally, September to November is the best time for goldfish to go on the market. Goldfish in this period are 3 to 6 months old, can already show some characteristics of the species, and have completed fading, and have preliminary ornamental characteristics. From July to August, you can see 2-4-year-old brood fish eliminated from fish farms and goldfish from the next year on the market, and there are also some excellent products among them. However, the high temperature is not conducive to the long-distance transportation of goldfish, so the supply is small.
2Select the variety. Depending on your personal preferences, you can choose from dozens of existing varieties. But it’s best to understand the differences between each species before choosing, which will help you raise goldfish well. For example, leather ball pearls have much stricter environmental requirements due to their large variation, short intestinal tract, and clumsy swimming. They need to be raised in clear and shallow water, and the feed requires good quality and easy entrance. Bubble goldfish are not suitable to be mixed with other goldfish and should be kept in a bare tank without any decorations to avoid damage to the bubbles. For those who are new to raising goldfish, you can start with goldfish that are easy to raise and cheap. Such as: Wenjin (Liujin), Longjing, etc.
3 Choose good products. Even though Chinese goldfish have been selectively bred for thousands of years, they are still too short for one species. Therefore, many goldfish species are not very stable yet, and the yield rate of some new species is only a few ten thousandths. A goldfish can be kept at home for months or even years. If you choose a high-quality goldfish, you can enjoy more beauty. The general principle is to choose goldfish that have obvious species characteristics, can swim freely, have a well-proportioned body shape, and have no disabilities.
The following table shows the characteristics of each variety of goldfish:
Classification Varieties Characteristics and Disadvantages
The eyes of dragon species are like checkerboards, symmetrical , body color is gorgeous. The four-leaf tail type is not expensive.
The butterfly tail has a plump body, a short body length, and a wide tail shape. It is like a peacock with its tail open and the tail is easy to droop when an adult fish
Lion head tumor in Chinese culture It is plump and not loose, can partially cover the eyes, and can swim freely. The tail-shaped long head tumor is easy to fester
The hat head tumor is plump and tight, but does not extend to the gill cover and body of the fish. It is tall and can swim easily. Ziru head tumors are easy to fester
The pearl scales are obviously protruding, no scales are missing, and they can swim freely. The body is like a ball, the mouth is pointed, and the thin scales on the caudal peduncle are easy to fall off
Wen Jin has a small head, The back is bulging, the body is fat, and the tail is elegant. The color is bright and there are no obvious defects
The egg blisters are large, symmetrical and transparent. The fish has a short body, long tail and blisters that are easy to break
It looks up to the sky, has eyes upward, has a fat body, and has a smooth back, so it is not suitable for aquarium viewing
Tiger has a rich head tumor, a plump body, and a short tail , can swim freely and is easy to fall on its head as an adult fish
Lanshou has a plump and tight head tumor, plump body, arc-shaped back, and a 90-degree angle between the tail fin and the spine. It is easy for an adult fish to fall on its head
< p>Not only that, a good-quality goldfish should have all its fins intact, the egg-bearing fish should have a smooth back, be eager to feed, and swim freely. Choosing good products is like choosing jade from stone, which is also the fun part of choosing fish.4. Select the age of the fish. The life span of most domestic goldfish is 4-6 years, and 2-3 years is the best age for ornamental fish. At this stage, goldfish species have obvious characteristics, are strong and swim freely. Goldfish aged between 4 and 6 years old are considered old. Their body color has faded, they are lazy to swim, their appetite has weakened, and they are prone to illness. As for goldfish under 6 months old, their physical development has just begun, so their species characteristics are not obvious and their colors are not fixed. The rate of defective products is very high, and it is limited to family breeding conditions and is not easy to grow. Therefore, it is most suitable to choose goldfish aged 6-18 months. At this stage, goldfish have a strong appetite, swim freely, and their species characteristics are initially revealed. The price is reasonable and they can be kept at home for about 2 years.
5Select a color. Goldfish come in many colors, including red, black, blue, purple, bronze, white, five-flowered, etc., and two or more colors can be matched to produce more combinations and interesting patterns. Such as: three colors, magpie flower, jade seal head, crane crown red, etc. Families can choose according to personal preferences and breeding environment. Goldfish are all gray in color when they are young, which is also a biological protective color. Loss of color usually occurs within 6 months of age. It is easier to produce some excessive colors and patterns before the age of 2. White and red are the most stable colors. Other colors will change depending on the age of the fish and the breeding environment, especially for older goldfish.
Characteristics of good color: Color changes with age
The red color is bright red and is the top quality. The edges of the color block are clear when paired with other colors. Yellow-red
The blue color is bluish in color, similar to blue-black ink, commonly known as ink blue, which is the upper grade off-white
The black is as black as ink, and the belly is also black, which is the upper grade off-white
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The purple color is brown-red, and the body color is uniform yellow-red
The five flowers are mainly light blue, with black, red, yellow, and white distribution, and the color particles are uniform red and white
< p>If you want to maintain the color for a long time, you need to improve it from many aspects such as feed, water quality, lighting, etc. This will be described elsewhere.Tips for choosing fish:
September to November every year is the best time to choose goldfish. Beginners can ask friends for advice, or go to a well-established fish store to buy. The breed of goldfish is also important.
Goldfish - Feed
Goldfish are omnivorous fish and eat a wide range of foods. This brings great convenience to raising goldfish. However, if you want to achieve good feeding results, you must carefully understand the habits of goldfish and the characteristics of various feeds, so that you can raise goldfish with bright colors and strong bodies. Good goldfish feed ingredients should include: protein, fiber, fat, various vitamins and trace elements.
Goldfish feed is mainly divided into two categories: aquatic organism feed and artificial synthetic feed.
Aquatic life feed includes live or dried aquatic animals and plants that goldfish can eat. Including: water fleas (commonly known as "red worms"), sword water fleas (commonly known as "green worms"), blood worms (commonly known as "red worms"), water earthworms (commonly known as "nematodes"), duckweed, etc.
Among all aquatic organism feeds, it has been proven through practice that Daphnia has the most comprehensive nutrition, and it is also the most suitable for feeding goldfish among all feeds. Goldfish not only like to eat water fleas, but also digest them very well, and the metabolites produced are not easy to muddy the water. In addition, living water fleas can also swallow small dirt suspended in the water, thereby purifying the water (commonly known as "taking water"). However, water fleas generally rely on the output of nature and are affected by seasons and weather. Therefore, it can only be purchased from April to November every year, which cannot meet the needs of domestic goldfish for year-round growth. In addition, living water fleas are not easy to preserve and will deteriorate within a day. Therefore, it is not easy for modern people with busy work to completely rely on water fleas to feed goldfish. Freezing or sun-drying can be used to extend the storage time, but a large amount of nutrients will be lost.
The nutritional content of other aquatic organism feeds is not as comprehensive as that of water fleas, and they often carry germs that can cause goldfish to become sick. Therefore, methods of disinfection and alternate feed feeding should be adopted to avoid the above shortcomings.
In the past ten years, synthetic feeds have gradually appeared on the market, and the proportions of ingredients have become more reasonable. Using synthetic feeds to replace traditional aquatic life feeds for goldfish is not only hygienic and convenient, but also requires good control. Feeding methods can also achieve good results.
According to different forms, synthetic feed can be divided into four types: pellet feed, powder feed, flake feed, and patch feed.
Pellet feed: It is the most common goldfish feed. Generally, most of them are floating type. After the feed is put in, the pellet feed floats on the water, and the goldfish needs to swim to the surface and open its mouth to swallow. It is especially suitable for feeding sky-gazing goldfish, which can maintain the shape of sky-gazing goldfish with their eyes looking upward, thus maintaining the characteristics of the species. Because the pellet feed does not sink, it is not easy to leak into the gaps in the bottom sand of the aquarium and cause corruption. However, due to their body shape and species, goldfish that can only forage for food at the bottom of the water will starve because they cannot find food.
Powder feed: The particles are small and can be used to feed young fish. It is commonly used in food fish feed varieties. After the feed is put in, the powdery feed slowly sinks, and the goldfish can eat forcefully during the sinking process. However, if the bottom sand is laid, it may fall into the gaps, making it difficult for goldfish to eat. Generally, powdered feed is used for ornamental fish, and the powdery particles are expanded. Allowing it to remain suspended in water for a longer period of time. The disadvantage of powdered feed is that it is easier to muddy the water.
Flake feed: Also known as flake feed, it is an ideal feed form. After the feed is put in, some of the flakes float on the water, some are suspended in the water, and some sink to the bottom. However, due to the large surface area, it is not easy to leak into the gaps in the bottom sand. Goldfish has good palatability, and even species with poor foraging ability, such as pearls, blisters, and tiger-headed lion heads whose eyes are covered by head sarcoma, can be easily eaten. But the price is relatively high.
Patch feed: You can stick the patch feed on the aquarium glass, and the goldfish will take the initiative to feed. You can clearly watch the goldfish eating process. Suitable for feeding goldfish species with active swimming and strong body. However, for relatively "delicate" varieties such as blisters and pearls, they should be avoided in order to prevent the scales of blisters and pearls from being damaged in the scramble. In addition, patch feed is generally used as a supplement to other feeds.
Regardless of the form of synthetic feed, its ingredients must fully meet the growth needs of goldfish. Good goldfish feed ingredients should ensure that: protein is no less than 40%, crude fiber is no more than 4%, crude fat is no less than 4%, and natural astaxanthin, spirulina, water purification fungi, as well as vitamins and trace amounts should be added. Elements and other substances. And when purchasing, pay attention to the shelf life and choose products from regular manufacturers.
Feed tips: Synthetic feed is suitable for family feeding of goldfish. Flake feed is the ideal feed form. Feed ingredients are important.
Goldfish - Facilities
If a worker wants to do his job well, he must first sharpen his tools. Having a good set of facilities for raising goldfish can not only reduce the difficulty of raising goldfish, but also enhance the ornamental value of goldfish. Currently, in the ornamental fish market, you can see fish farming facilities produced from all over the country and even around the world, and they are very convenient to purchase. It is necessary to match a set of facilities according to the habits and characteristics of goldfish.
The facilities for raising goldfish mainly include: containers, filtration systems, oxygenation systems, and water changing devices.
Container: Traditionally, pottery basins and wooden basins (commonly known as "wooden sea") are used to raise goldfish. Modern breeding mostly uses aquariums.
Goldfish are larger and require larger swimming space. Therefore, they should be kept in medium-sized or above aquariums, and the minimum fish tank should be above 60 cm. Goldfish have been artificially raised for thousands of years and are adapted to growing in shallow water, so the water depth in the aquarium should not be higher than 40 cm. Small ornaments with smooth surfaces can be appropriately placed in the aquarium, but be careful not to leave any dead space, otherwise clumsy swimming goldfish will get stuck inside and cause damage. Top lighting can be added to the aquarium to make up for the lack of light and make it easier to watch goldfish. For families that raise a large number of fish, a temporary tank should be prepared to isolate sick fish and change the water to clear the tank for turnover.
Filtration system: Goldfish have a lot of activity and have a lot of metabolism. Therefore, the filtration system often uses an external filtration system. Includes top filter box and filter barrel. Place biochemical sponge and activated carbon in the filter box (barrel). The volume of the filter box (bucket) should be large so that enough filter material can be put in. It should be noted that you should choose a famous brand pump head, which not only makes less noise but also has a long service life. The pump head should be disassembled and cleaned regularly to enhance filtration efficiency. To establish a filtration system, please refer to the content of "Domestic Goldfish - Water Breeding".
Aeration system: Goldfish consume a lot of oxygen. Generally, two 10-centimeter goldfish are kept in a 60-centimeter fish tank. If there is no oxygen-enhancing system, they will lack oxygen and "float their heads" in one night. The commonly used oxygenating equipment is an air pump. The air sent by the air pump expands and dissolves in the water through the air stone. The power of the air pump should not be too high, otherwise it will affect the goldfish's habit of living in still water. The gas delivery conduit of the air pump must have a check valve to prevent water from overflowing through the conduit during a power outage. For the more "squeamish" goldfish, it is recommended to use an air pump as kinetic energy to drive a biochemical sponge (commonly known as the "water fairy") for oxygenation and filtration.
Water changing device: The water body for raising goldfish is large and the water should be changed frequently. If you want to raise goldfish at home, you should prepare several large plastic buckets for drying the water and changing the water. There should be an isolation net at the water inlet end of the water pipe used to pump water, and avoid disturbing the goldfish when pumping water.
Facility tips: Fish farming should be selected based on the goldfish’s habits.
Goldfish - Prevention and Treatment
The beloved goldfish is sick, and the goldfish you just bought died. This is a troublesome problem that almost every new goldfish farmer will encounter. Generally, pet hospitals do not have the business of treating goldfish, so it is very necessary to master one or two methods of treating diseases. Goldfish illness is caused by the following factors. Environmental factors, physical damage, viral infection, etc. Here are my views on the prevention and treatment of these pathogenic factors:
1. Environmental factors: Goldfish live in water and are very sensitive to changes in light, water quality and water temperature. Especially changes in water temperature, the limit of sudden changes in water temperature that goldfish can withstand is 4 degrees Celsius. Exceeding this limit will inevitably lead to illness and even death. Therefore, when changing water for goldfish and changing tanks, pay attention to the changes in the temperature of the old and new water. In addition, sudden changes in water hardness and pH will also affect the goldfish's biological protective film, causing goldfish to become sick. The correct approach is: dry the new water for 3 days before changing the water, so that the temperature difference between the water and the old water is within 1 degree Celsius, and the chlorine in the water is volatilized. Keep the water change volume below 1/2, and slowly add new water. In an emergency, water stabilizer can be added to new water to quickly remove harmful substances from the water. Add boiling water and use a thermometer to measure the temperature of the water until it is close to the old water. But it should not be commonly used for expensive varieties. If the light is too weak or too strong for a long time, it will also affect the body color and growth of goldfish. The amount of dissolved oxygen in the water is also a key factor. If the amount of dissolved oxygen is too low, it can cause "floating heads" at best, or suffocation and death at worst. The easiest way to solve the problem of dissolved oxygen is to use an aquarium-specific air pump. And select the appropriate power according to the water volume. In addition, the use of external circulation filtration can also increase the oxygen content in the water. Harmful substances produced by goldfish metabolites can be solved by changing the water and adding nitrifying bacteria.
2. Physical damage: During the process of moving the goldfish, it is easy to cause damage to the goldfish's body surface. In severe cases, the goldfish's internal organs may rupture, resulting in death. In addition, if there are sharp accessories in the aquarium, such as coral stones, plastic water plants, etc., the blisters may be punctured and the scales may be scraped off. There is even a risk of physical damage due to too strong a suction power of the water pump or too fast water flow. Therefore, it is recommended to use a water scoop to catch the fish when moving the goldfish. The movement should be light and fast, otherwise the goldfish will be damaged due to its struggle. In addition, when transporting goldfish, the best transportation routes and vehicles should be used to minimize transportation time and bumps. The equipment and decorations in the aquarium should have smooth surfaces or soft materials. The water inlet of the water pump can be equipped with biochemical filter cotton (commonly known as "water fairy"). The water injection port of the filter is equipped with an elbow pipe to reduce the impact of water flow.
3. Bacterial infection: Goldfish live in water. Since the water space is limited and the water is still, it is easy to breed bacteria. Goldfish purchased from different places may also bring viruses. In addition, rotten food can also cause enteritis in goldfish. Diseases caused by bacterial infections must be observed frequently, treated early, and isolated early, and diseased fish that are terminally ill must be eliminated decisively.
1. Commonly used treatment methods for treating fish diseases at home mainly include: medicated bath, medicinal bait, and mechanical correction
Medicated bath: usually use a certain concentration of medicinal liquid to soak the fish body. For fish diseases caused by bacterial infection, low-concentration splashing in the entire tank is often used. The more commonly used drugs include: salt, nitrofurazone, potassium permanganate, methylene blue, red syrup, etc. The above drugs are less toxic and suitable for home use.
Medical bait: Chinese and Western medicines, such as oxytetracycline and allicin, are mixed into the feed to feed sick fish. Finished products can be purchased from the market.
Mechanical correction: For goldfish swim bladder disease, foam can be tied to the fins to help the goldfish swim.
2. Observe whether there are parasites, white hairs, white spots, bleeding, or ulcers on the body surface of goldfish. The judgment of goldfish body surface diseases is more complicated, and the dosage of medicines is complicated. There is no need to specialize in raising fish at home. You need to follow the following "local methods" for prevention and treatment:
drug name concentration treatment
salt treatment of three thousandths. One thousandth prevention. Bacterial diseases on the body surface
Add a match head-sized raw powder to 40 kilograms of water and dissolve it with a small amount of white wine. Bacterial diseases and enteritis on the surface of the body
Put the fish out with potassium permanganate and add old water until the water turns cherry red. After soaking for half a day, change the water in the whole tank. Clean the tank and disinfect it
Add methylene blue to the water to turn sea blue. Bacterial diseases on the body surface
Apply the red solution directly to the affected area and keep it out of the water for 10 seconds to ulcerate
In addition to the above traditional medicines, you can also purchase commercially available special medicines under the guidance of experts and use them in strict accordance with the dosage instructions.
3. For goldfish that float on their backs on the bottom of the water for a long time due to swim bladder problems, a moderately sized foam plastic can be tied to the root of the third dorsal fin so that the fish can float and swim freely.