The health status of premature infants is worse than that of full-term infants, so premature infants should undergo various examinations after birth. Ding Xiaoyan, director of Zhongshan Orthopedic Management Center of Guangdong Medical College, said in an interview with domestic doctors and experts that every premature baby needs a fundus examination after birth. Because the blood vessels in the eyes can't fully grow and develop until full term, and the blood vessels in the eyes of babies born before full term haven't fully grown and developed, premature babies have to deal with completely different nutrients given in the air inhaled into the stomach, so premature changes will cause changes in the eyes.
What is retinopathy of prematurity? Retinopathy is likely to occur in the early stage. The person in charge of Ding Xiaoyan stressed that because the macular blood vessels in the fundus didn't grow and develop thoroughly, and the blood vessels in the eye became pathological, retinopathy would appear. In premature infants, 10% retinopathy will rapidly develop into blindness and cannot be cured.
Does initial oxygen inhalation increase the probability of retinopathy? After premature babies are born, they need oxygen for a period of time. There used to be many names that giving oxygen to premature infants would increase the probability of retinopathy. The person in charge of Ding Xiaoyan stressed that premature infants' oxygen inhalation is not standardized, which may easily lead to retinopathy of prematurity. After several years of study and training, most hospitals' outpatient departments, even county-level hospitals, can ensure standard oxygen inhalation. Therefore, retinopathy of prematurity is completely related to oxygen inhalation.
There are two key reasons for retinopathy of prematurity: First, the younger the gestational age, the higher the prevalence rate. The probability of gestational age less than 28 weeks is 80-90%, while the probability of gestational age around 32 weeks is only 1/3, and most of them are not easy to happen after 36 weeks. The other is weight. Although the baby has been born for 32 or 35 weeks, but the weight is very low, there will be other diseases all over the body. Diseases such as ischemia, hypoxia and infantile pneumonia are all risk sources of retinopathy.
How to treat neonatal retinopathy in the early stage? The retinopathy of prematurity can be divided into one stage to five stages, and once it enters the fifth stage, it belongs to sexual impotence. Ding Xiao Yan, the person in charge, told her parents to go to the hospital for an eye examination at the time suggested by the doctor, because this was calculated by the doctor in strict accordance with the calculation formula. Fundus screening is not only for premature infants once, but also until doctors feel completely safe. If it is more than one month after the expected date of delivery, which is the general name, it is safe to correct the gestational age after 44 weeks, and the fundus macula does not produce all diseases.